Comparison of Nutrient Agar Plate Culture and Formalin-Ethyl Acetate Concentration Methods in Diagnosis of Human Trichostrongyliasis

Klebsiella pneumoniae Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) was one of the microorganism that cause nosocomial infection which resistant to beta-lactams antibiotics. Orange Jessamine (Murraya paniculata) was traditional medicine which believed has antibacterial components, such as: ﬂ avonoids, alkaloids, essential oils, coumarins, terpenoids, tannins, and saponins. In the previous studies, there was antibacterial activity in ethanolic extract of Murraya paniculata againsts E.coli, K.pneumoniae, S.typhi, E.faecalis, P.aeruginosa, S.ﬂ exneri, S.aureus, and S.sonneii with concentration 200 mg/ mL. There has not experiment about ethanolic extract of Murraya paniculata against Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL yet. The aim of this study was to ﬁ nd out the in vitro antibacterial activity of ethanol extracts of Murraya Paniculata against Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL Broth dilution method with concentration 200 mg/mL, 100 mg/mL, 50 mg/mL, 25 mg/mL, 12,5 mg/mL, 6,25 mg/mL, and 3,125 mg/mL were used for the determination of the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). While the Minimal Bacterial Concentration (MBC) was assessed using streaking method in Nutrient Agar Plate. The highest concentration in this study was obtained from 100 g of Murraya paniculata leaves dissolved in 500 mL of 40% ethanol. The study was carried out 4 times replication. At the time of the sterility test extract, germ growth appeared on Nutrient Agar Plate media, so the extract was ﬁ ltered before being used for research. After incubation at 37 °C for 24 hours, growth of bacterial colonies on all agar plates was observed. The concentration of the ethanol extract of Murraya Paniculata (200 mg/mL) did not inhibit the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL. The ethanol extracts of Murraya paniculata in concentration 200 mg/mL had no antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBL.

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EFFICACY OF BIOCHEMICAL PREPARATIONS AND EXTRACT FROM Hypericum perforatum AGAINST BACTERIAL DISEASES

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus ◽

10.24326/asphc.2019.3.14 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Małgorzata Schollenberger ◽

Sylwia Pudło ◽

Elżbieta Paduch-Cichal ◽

Ewa Mirzwa-Mróz

Keyword(s):

Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽

Pseudomonas Syringae ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Hypericum Perforatum ◽

Agar Plate ◽

Nutrient Agar ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Bacterial Diseases ◽

Nutrient Agar Medium

The biotechnical preparations: Biosept Active (based on a grapefruit extract) and BioZell (based on thyme oil) as well as Hypericum perforatum extract, streptomycin solution and fungicide Champion 50WP (active ingredient substance – e.i. 50% copper hydroxide) were investigated for antimicrobial effects against plant pathogenic bacteria: Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and Xanthomonas ar- boricola pv. corylina. The screening was carried out in vitro on three media: Nutrient Agar (NA Difco), Pseudomonas Agar F (Merck) – analogue of King B and 523. In the experiments, the agar plate method was applied. There were no statistically significant differences in the effect of streptomycin and Champion 50WP on the growth inhibition of three bacteria strains for medium 523 and Nutrient Agar and of P. syringae pv. syringae and X. arboricola pv. corylina for medium King B. It was determined that the antibacterial activity of Biosept Active and BioZell biopreparations and H. perforatum extract against Agrobacterium tumefaciens (strain C58), Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (strain 760) and Xanthomonas arboricola pv. corylina (strain RIPF-x13) were dependent on the strain of pathogen as well as the growth medium used. According to the research results obtained, the Biosept Active preparation and H. perforatum extract demonstrated high bacteriostatic activity against three bacterial strains grown on the Nutrient Agar medium.

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Research on the Catalytic Activity of MnyCezOx/TiO2 for Ethyl Acetate Oxidation

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.781-784.308 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 781-784 ◽

pp. 308-311 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xin Li ◽

Wei Su ◽

Qi Bin Xia ◽

Zhi Meng Liu

Keyword(s):

Catalytic Activity ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

High Activity ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Space Velocity ◽

Fixed Bed Reactor ◽

Impregnation Method ◽

Acetate Oxidation ◽

Acetate Concentration ◽

Molar Ratios

Manganese and cerium based catalysts with different Mn/Ce molar ratios prepared by impregnation method for ethyl acetate oxidation. The activity tests of the samples were performed in a fixed-bed reactor. The effect of gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) and ethyl acetate concentration on the catalytic activity of the catalyst were also investigated. The results showed that these catalysts had high activity for the catalytic oxidation of ethyl acetate, of which the catalyst Mn0.9Ce0.1Ox/TiO2exhibitedthe bestactivity, and the temperature required for 90% conversion of ethyl acetate was at 216 °C. The catalyst Mn0.9Ce0.1Ox/TiO2still maintained high activity in the range of GHSV (16,500 to 48,500 h-1) and ethyl acetate concentration (4526 to 7092 mg/m3). In additional, experiments for measuring stability of Mn0.9Ce0.1Ox/TiO2were carried out, and experimental results showed that the good stability of Mn0.9Ce0.1Ox/TiO2was kept after it has run for 25 hours.

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Chromatographic behaviour of some porphyrins and their complexes with Zn, Pd(II) and Cu(II)

Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines ◽

10.1002/(sici)1099-1409(200003)4:2<209::aid-jpp197>3.0.co;2-f ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 04 (02) ◽

pp. 209-214 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. I. UVAROVA ◽

G. D. BRYKINA ◽

O. A. SHPIGUN

Keyword(s):

High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

Liquid Chromatography ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Mobile Phase ◽

High Performance ◽

Reversed Phase ◽

Zinc Complexes ◽

Acetate Concentration ◽

Hydrophobic Compounds ◽

Retention Parameters

In this work the influence of the porphyrin structure and of the nature of the mobile phase upon retention parameters is examined by means of reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Acetonitrile–ethyl acetate and other mixtures were used as eluents. An increase in the retention of azo- and benzosubstituted porphyrins as well as of those containing a large number of carbon atoms as substituents of macrocycles may be noted. A variation in the polarity of the mobile phase affects the retention of the ligands more than that of their zinc complexes. The retention of the most hydrophobic compounds may be well described in coordinates lg k'– lg M. For less hydrophobic porphyrins these dependences are close to linear only within limited intervals of mobile phase ethyl acetate concentration. The best separation of zinc complexes was achieved with acetonitrile as the eluent. The detection limit of porphyrin ligands and complexes with metals is n × 10-8 M.

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Formulation-Development and Evaluation of Polysorbate-Phospholipid Mixed Micelles of Piperine Loaded with Azithromycin

Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry ◽

10.33263/briac105.61286138 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 6128-6138

Keyword(s):

Drug Release ◽

Mixed Micelles ◽

Agar Plate ◽

Entrapment Efficiency ◽

Polysorbate 80 ◽

Formulation Development ◽

Zone Of Inhibition ◽

Maximum Solubility ◽

Phospholipid Micelles ◽

Nutrient Agar Plate

The overall goal of this paper was to develop polysorbate-phospholipid micelles of piperine loaded with azithromycin, and to study the effect and mechanisms enhancing the oral bioavailability of piperine and also to inhibit the bacterial growth. For the preparation of polysorbate-phospholipid-piperine mixed micelles loaded with a drug, polysorbate and phospholipid were optimized. Polysorbate concentration at 5.5% w/v showed the maximum solubility of piperine which was just similar to 5.0% w/v CMC value so, from such studies, it was confirmed that optimum concentration of polysorbate 80 required for maximum solubilization of piperine was 5.5% w/v. The maximum CMC of polysorbate 80 and phospholipid was found in batch F3 i.e. 62.4414 and 83.1122, respectively. Based on the optimization of phospholipid and polysorbate 80, three final batches were selected as the best batch i.e. F2, F3, and F4 (1:10:4, 1:15:4 and 1:20:4, respectively) for final formulation. In the formulation, maximum solubility was found in batch F3 i.e. 11.3057 mg/ml. The size of the nanoformulations was found to be 0.3396 r.nm by using zeta analyzer. The drug release was determined in 0.1 N HCl at 5, 10, 15, 30 and 60 min. Further, 7.4 pH phosphate was added and release was determined at 30, 60, 120, 180 and 240 min. It was noted that formulation F3 has maximum drug content and F1 was found as maximum entrapment efficiency. The maximum drug release was found in the formulation F3. The approach of using phospholipid nanoformulations loaded with azithromycin showed antibacterial activity in the nutrient agar plate. These formulations prevent the visual growth of bacteria. It was shown that the maximum zone of inhibition was found at the concentration of 100mg/ml. The MIC endpoint at the lowest concentration of formulation at which there is minimum visual growth around the dice was found to be 50 mg/ml.

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Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in cattle in Kalasin Province, Thailand

Veterinary World ◽

10.14202/vetworld.2021.2091-2096 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 2091-2096

Author(s):

Sirikanda Thanasuwan ◽

Supawadee Piratae ◽

Anupong Tankrathok

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Intermediate Hosts ◽

Double Infection ◽

Fecal Samples ◽

Acetate Concentration ◽

Eimeria Spp ◽

Fasciola Spp ◽

And Control ◽

Concentration Methods

Background and Aim: Parasitic infections are one of the major problems to the production of cattle in Thailand. The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites of cattle in Kalasin Province, Thailand. Materials and Methods: A total of 333 fecal samples of cattle were collected directly from the rectum. The fecal samples were subjected to formalin-ethyl acetate concentration methods for examination. The eggs or oocysts were identified based on the morphology and size of the eggs or oocysts. Results: Out of 333 fecal samples examined, 320 were found positive for GI parasitic infections with a prevalence of 96.09%. Overall, among the prevalence of nematodes, trematodes, and protozoa, the most prevalent parasites were Strongyle-type 278 (84.24%), followed by Strongyloides spp. 54 (16.36%) and Trichuris spp. 75 (22.73%), while Protozoan oocyst recorded Eimeria spp. amounted to 131 (39.7%). Fasciola spp. and Paramphistomum spp. were 67 (20.30%) and 81 (24.55%), respectively. Most of the positive fecal samples were infected with the double infection which has the highest prevalence rate of about 40.24%, followed by single, three, and 4-5 types of parasites 30.63, 16.82, and 7.21%, respectively. Conclusion: This study suggests that Kalasin Province is highly endemic for GI parasites and this area may be an important source for an outbreak. Therefore, every household should deworm its cattle and eliminate and control snails as intermediate hosts. Findings from this study provide information that will assist in improving the cattle in Kalasin Province for better production and higher profitability.

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