Novel natural product discovery from obligate symbiotic organisms of marine sponges

A rich source for the discovery of novel, pharmacologically active natural products has been terrestrial plants and microbes, accounting for about 85% of the approved natural products in pharmaceutical use (1), and about 60% of approved pharmaceuticals and new drug applications annually (2). Discovery in the marine environment has lagged due to the difficulty of exploration in this ecological niche. Such exploration began in the 1950’s, after technological advances such as scuba diving allowed collection of marine organisms, primarily to a depth of about 15m, which was the limit of that technology.Natural products from filter feeding marine invertebrates and in particular, sponges, have proven to be a rich source of structurally unique pharmacologically active compounds, with over 16,000 molecules isolated thus far (3, 1) and a continuing pace of discovery at hundreds of novel bioactive molecules per year. All classes of pharmaceuticals have been represented in this discovery process, including antiprotozoals, pesticides, TGF-beta inhibitors, cationic channel blockers, anticancer, cytotoxic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial compounds. Important biosynthetic pathways found in sponges which give rise to these compounds include the terpenoid (4), fatty acid, polyketoid, quinone reductase, alkaloid, isoprenoid (5), and non-ribosomal protein synthase pathways.

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Novel Natural Product Discovery from Marine Sponges and their Obligate Symbiotic Organisms

10.1101/005454 ◽

2014 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Regina Monaco ◽

Rena Quinlan

Keyword(s):

Natural Products ◽

Drug Discovery ◽

Marine Invertebrates ◽

Quinone Reductase ◽

Marine Sponges ◽

Bioactive Molecules ◽

Channel Blockers ◽

Terrestrial Plants ◽

Technological Advances ◽

Pharmacologically Active

Abstract: Discovery of novel natural products is an accepted method for the elucidation of pharmacologically active molecules and drug leads. Best known sources for such discovery have been terrestrial plants and microbes, accounting for about 85% of the approved natural products in pharmaceutical use (1), and about 60% of approved pharmaceuticals and new drug applications annually (2). Discovery in the marine environment has lagged due to the difficulty of exploration in this ecological niche. Exploration began in earnest in the 1950s, after technological advances such as scuba diving allowed collection of marine organisms, primarily at a depth to about 15m. Natural products from filter feeding marine invertebrates and in particular, sponges, have proven to be a rich source of structurally unique pharmacologically active compounds, with over 16,000 molecules isolated thus far (3, 1) and a continuing pace of discovery at hundreds of novel bioactive molecules per year. All classes of pharmaceuticals have been represented in this discovery process, including antiprotazoals, pesticides, TGF-beta inhibitors, cationic channel blockers, anticancer, cytotoxic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial compounds. Important biosynthetic pathways found in sponges which give rise to these compounds include the terpenoid (4), fatty acid, polyketoid, quinone reductase, alkaloid, isoprenoid (5), and non-ribosomal protein synthase pathways. Keywords: natural products; marine sponges; drug discovery; terpenoids; carotenoids; polyketides; marine drug discovery

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Detection of pharmacologically active natural products using ecology. Selected examples from Indopacific marine invertebrates and sponge-derived fungi

Pure and Applied Chemistry ◽

10.1351/pac200375020343 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 75 (2-3) ◽

pp. 343-352 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

P. Proksch ◽

R. Ebel ◽

R. A. Edrada ◽

P. Schupp ◽

W. H. Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural Products ◽

Marine Invertebrates ◽

Marine Sponges ◽

Bioactive Metabolites ◽

Marine Biodiversity ◽

Marine Microorganisms ◽

Bioactive Constituents ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Bioactive Natural Products ◽

Pharmacologically Active

This review article presents our group's recent research findings with regard to bioactive natural products from marine sponges and tunicates, as well as from sponge derived fungi. The organisms discussed originate in the Indopacific region, which has an exceptionally rich marine biodiversity. Major topics that are covered in our review include the chemical ecology of sponges, focusing on defense against fishes, as well as the isolation and identification of new bioactive constituents from sponges and tunicates. Sponge derived fungi are introduced as an emerging source for new bioactive metabolites, reflecting the currently growing interest in natural products from marine microorganisms.

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Cytotoxic activity of marine sponge extracts from the sub-Antarctic Islands and the Southern Ocean

South African Journal of Science ◽

10.17159/sajs.2016/20160202 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol Volume 112 (Number 11/12) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Elisabeth K. Olsen ◽

Christopher K. de Cerf ◽

Godwin A. Dziwornu ◽

Eleonora Puccinelli ◽

Isabelle J. Ansorge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural Products ◽

Southern Ocean ◽

Cytotoxic Activity ◽

Marine Invertebrates ◽

Cold Water ◽

Research Effort ◽

Benthic Invertebrate ◽

Marine Sponges ◽

Bioactive Natural Products ◽

Prince Edward Islands

Abstract Over the past 50 years, marine invertebrates, especially sponges, have proven to be a valuable source of new and/or bioactive natural products that have the potential to be further developed as lead compounds for pharmaceutical applications. Although marine benthic invertebrate communities occurring off the coast of South Africa have been explored for their biomedicinal potential, the natural product investigation of marine sponges from the sub-Antarctic Islands in the Southern Ocean for the presence of bioactive secondary metabolites has been relatively unexplored thus far. We report here the results for the biological screening of both aqueous and organic extracts prepared from nine specimens of eight species of marine sponges, collected from around Marion Island and the Prince Edward Islands in the Southern Ocean, for their cytotoxic activity against three cancer cell lines. The results obtained through this multidisciplinary collaborative research effort by exclusively South African institutions has provided an exciting opportunity to discover cytotoxic compounds from sub-Antarctic sponges, whilst contributing to our understanding of the biodiversity and geographic distributions of these cold-water invertebrates. Therefore, we acknowledge here the various contributions of the diverse scientific disciplines that played a pivotal role in providing the necessary platform for the future natural products chemistry investigation of these marine sponges from the sub- Antarctic Islands and the Southern Ocean.

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NATURAL PRODUCTS: FROM TRADITIONAL MEDICINE TO LEAD COMPOUNDS FOR DRUG DEVELOPMENT IN THE 21ST CENTURY

Anales de la Real Academia Nacional de Farmacia ◽

10.53519/analesranf.2021.87.01.05 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 97-104

Author(s):

Beatriz de las Heras Polo

Keyword(s):

Natural Products ◽

Drug Discovery ◽

High Throughput Screening ◽

Structural Complexity ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Bioactive Molecules ◽

Computational Techniques ◽

Design And Optimization ◽

Technological Advances ◽

Biological Tests

Natural products have historically contributed to drug discovery as a source of bioactive molecules, due to their great diversity and structural complexity. They have provided “lead” molecules for the development of drugs in different therapeutic areas, with a very prominent representation in the treatment of pain and inflammation, coagulation disorders, metabolic disorders, as well as in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. In recent decades there has been a paradigm shift in drug discovery strategies that has allowed the identification of new active natural products in therapeutic targets. Combinatorial Chemistry and biological tests (High Throughput Screening), together with the development of computational techniques, have contributed decisively to the design and optimization of libraries of natural product derivatives based on their biological activity. In parallel, technological advances in the field of Omics sciences and in data processing lead to a multidimensional approach in the drug discovery process. These powerful tools will allow the analysis of the pharmacological potential of natural products and their derivatives for the conversion of these molecules to active products with low toxicity. In the Precision Medicine era, natural products continue to be molecules with great potential in pharmaceutical development, since, unlike other therapeutic strategies, they have a favorable cost-benefit ratio, which will allow their future use in this discipline.

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Two New Cytotoxic Candidaspongiolides from an Indonesian Sponge

ISRN Pharmaceutics ◽

10.5402/2011/852619 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Agus Trianto ◽

Idam Hermawan ◽

Toshimasa Suzuka ◽

Junichi Tanaka

Keyword(s):

Spectral Analysis ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Cultured Cells ◽

Marine Invertebrates ◽

Marine Sponges ◽

Bioactive Molecules ◽

Nmr Data

Marine sponges have been recognized as potentially rich sources of various bioactive molecules. In our continuing search for new secondary metabolites from Indonesian marine invertebrates, we collected a sponge, whose extract showed cytotoxicity against cultured cells at 0.1 μg/mL. Purification of the extract yielded two new macrolides 2 and 3 along with known candidaspongiolide (1). The structures for compounds 2 and 3 were elucidated by spectral analysis (H1, C13, COSY, HMQC, HMBC) and by comparison of their NMR data with those of 1. Compounds 2 and 3 exhibited a little more potent cytotoxicity (IC50 4.7 and 19 ng/mL) than that (IC50 37 ng/mL) of candidaspongiolide (1) against NBT-T2 cells.

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The The colourful chemistry of South African latrunculid sponges

South African Journal of Science ◽

10.17159/sajs.2019/5534 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 115 (5/6) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Michael T. Davies-Coleman ◽

Edith M. Antunes ◽

Denzil R. Beukes ◽

Toufiek Samaai

Keyword(s):

Natural Products ◽

South African ◽

Marine Natural Products ◽

Marine Invertebrates ◽

Short Review ◽

Marine Sponges ◽

Organic Chemical ◽

Sponge Tissue ◽

Western Cape ◽

Rich Diversity

Marine sponges – in common with many other sessile marine invertebrates seemingly devoid of obvious physical forms of defence against predators, e.g. spines or shells – are the sources of a diverse array of organic chemical compounds known as marine natural products or secondary metabolites. Recent research has indicated that the production of natural products via cellular secondary metabolic pathways in some sponge species may not occur within the sponge cells themselves, but rather in microbial endosymbionts which inhabit the surface and interstitial spaces within the sponge tissue. Regardless of their biosynthetic origin, the bioactivity, e.g. toxicity, of many of these marine natural products may be utilised by sponges as chemical feeding deterrents to discourage predation or to provide a chemical anti-fouling competitive edge in the intense competition for living space amongst filter-feeders on space-limited benthic reefs. Paradoxically, a small number of sponge natural products have serendipitously shown potential as new pharmaceuticals, e.g. novel anti-cancer drugs. Marine biodiscovery (or bioprospecting) is the search for new pharmaceuticals from marine organisms. Exploration of the taxonomy, natural products chemistry and biomedicinal potential of the rich diversity of South African latrunculid sponges (family Latrunculiidae), at Rhodes University, the South African Department of Environmental Affairs and the University of the Western Cape has continued unabated for over a quarter of a century as part of a collaborative marine biodiscovery programme. A short review of this multidisciplinary latrunculid sponge research is presented here.

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Metabolites from marine invertebrates and their symbiotic microorganisms: molecular diversity discovery, mining, and application

Marine Life Science & Technology ◽

10.1007/s42995-019-00021-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 60-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Lu Liu ◽

Yao-Yao Zheng ◽

Chang-Lun Shao ◽

Chang-Yun Wang

Keyword(s):

Natural Products ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Molecular Diversity ◽

Marine Invertebrates ◽

Epigenetic Modification ◽

Marine Organisms ◽

Bioactive Molecules ◽

Bioactive Natural Products ◽

Symbiotic Microorganisms ◽

Symbiotic Fungi

Abstract Metabolites from marine organisms have proven to be a rich source for the discovery of multiple potent bioactive molecules with diverse structures. In recent years, we initiated a program to investigate the diversity of the secondary metabolites from marine invertebrates and their symbiotic microorganisms collected from the South China Sea. In this review, representative cases are summarized focusing on molecular diversity, mining, and application of natural products from these marine organisms. To provide a comprehensive introduction to the field of marine natural products, we highlight typical molecules including their structures, chemical synthesis, bioactivities and mechanisms, structure–activity relationships as well as biogenesis. The mining of marine-derived microorganisms to produce novel secondary metabolites is also discussed through the OSMAC strategy and via partial chemical epigenetic modification. A broad prospectus has revealed a plethora of bioactive natural products with novel structures from marine organisms, especially from soft corals, gorgonians, sponges, and their symbiotic fungi and bacteria.

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The chemistry and biology of guanidine natural products

Natural Product Reports ◽

10.1039/c7np00037e ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 34 (11) ◽

pp. 1264-1301 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Roberto G. S. Berlinck ◽

Ariane F. Bertonha ◽

Mirelle Takaki ◽

Julie P. G. Rodriguez

Keyword(s):

Natural Products ◽

Marine Invertebrates ◽

Culture Media ◽

Microbial Culture ◽

Terrestrial Plants

The chemistry and biology of natural guanidines isolated from microbial culture media, from marine invertebrates, as well as from terrestrial plants and animals, are reviewed.

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