scholarly journals Two New Cytotoxic Candidaspongiolides from an Indonesian Sponge

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agus Trianto ◽  
Idam Hermawan ◽  
Toshimasa Suzuka ◽  
Junichi Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Nmr Data

Marine sponges have been recognized as potentially rich sources of various bioactive molecules. In our continuing search for new secondary metabolites from Indonesian marine invertebrates, we collected a sponge, whose extract showed cytotoxicity against cultured cells at 0.1 μg/mL. Purification of the extract yielded two new macrolides 2 and 3 along with known candidaspongiolide (1). The structures for compounds 2 and 3 were elucidated by spectral analysis (H1, C13, COSY, HMQC, HMBC) and by comparison of their NMR data with those of 1. Compounds 2 and 3 exhibited a little more potent cytotoxicity (IC50 4.7 and 19 ng/mL) than that (IC50 37 ng/mL) of candidaspongiolide (1) against NBT-T2 cells.

scholarly journals Microorganisms Associated with the Marine Sponge Scopalina hapalia: A Reservoir of Bioactive Molecules to Slow Down the Aging Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1262
Author(s):  
Charifat Said Hassane ◽  
Mireille Fouillaud ◽  
Géraldine Le Goff ◽  
Aimilia D. Sklirou ◽  
Jean Bernard Boyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Marine Sponge ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Aging Research ◽  
Fyn Kinase ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Metabolites Production ◽  
Future Work

Aging research aims at developing interventions that delay normal aging processes and some related pathologies. Recently, many compounds and extracts from natural products have been shown to delay aging and/or extend lifespan. Marine sponges and their associated microorganisms have been found to produce a wide variety of bioactive secondary metabolites; however, those from the Southwest of the Indian Ocean are much less studied, especially regarding anti-aging activities. In this study, the microbial diversity of the marine sponge Scopalina hapalia was investigated by metagenomic analysis. Twenty-six bacterial and two archaeal phyla were recovered from the sponge, of which the Proteobacteria phylum was the most abundant. In addition, thirty isolates from S. hapalia were selected and cultivated for identification and secondary metabolites production. The selected isolates were affiliated to the genera Bacillus, Micromonospora, Rhodoccocus, Salinispora, Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Nigrospora and unidentified genera related to the family Thermoactinomycetaceae. Crude extracts from selected microbial cultures were found to be active against seven targets i.e., elastase, tyrosinase, catalase, sirtuin 1, Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), Fyn kinase and proteasome. These results highlight the potential of microorganisms associated with a marine sponge from Mayotte to produce anti-aging compounds. Future work will focus on the isolation and the characterization of bioactive molecules.

scholarly journals Secondary metabolites from marine microorganisms

2002 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALPHONSE KELECOM
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Cyclic Peptides ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Indole Alkaloids ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Marine Microorganisms ◽  
Mature Field ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
New Metabolites

After 40 years of intensive research, chemistry of marine natural products has become a mature field. Since 1995, there are signals of decreased interest in the search of new metabolites from traditional sources such as macroalgae and octocorals, and the number of annual reports on marine sponges stabilized. On the contrary, metabolites from microorganisms is a rapidly growing field, due, at least in part, to the suspicion that a number of metabolites obtained from algae and invertebrates may be produced by associated microorganisms. Studies are concerned with bacteria and fungi, isolated from seawater, sediments, algae, fish and mainly from marine invertebrates such as sponges, mollusks, tunicates, coelenterates and crustaceans. Although it is still to early to define tendencies, it may be stated that the metabolites from microorganisms are in most cases quite different from those produced by the invertebrate hosts. Nitrogenated metabolites predominate over acetate derivatives, and terpenes are uncommon. Among the latter, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes and carotenes have been isolated; among nitrogenated metabolites, amides, cyclic peptides and indole alkaloids predominate.

scholarly journals Novel Natural Product Discovery from Marine Sponges and their Obligate Symbiotic Organisms

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Monaco ◽  
Rena Quinlan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Quinone Reductase ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Pharmacologically Active

Abstract: Discovery of novel natural products is an accepted method for the elucidation of pharmacologically active molecules and drug leads. Best known sources for such discovery have been terrestrial plants and microbes, accounting for about 85% of the approved natural products in pharmaceutical use (1), and about 60% of approved pharmaceuticals and new drug applications annually (2). Discovery in the marine environment has lagged due to the difficulty of exploration in this ecological niche. Exploration began in earnest in the 1950’s, after technological advances such as scuba diving allowed collection of marine organisms, primarily at a depth to about 15m. Natural products from filter feeding marine invertebrates and in particular, sponges, have proven to be a rich source of structurally unique pharmacologically active compounds, with over 16,000 molecules isolated thus far (3, 1) and a continuing pace of discovery at hundreds of novel bioactive molecules per year. All classes of pharmaceuticals have been represented in this discovery process, including antiprotazoals, pesticides, TGF-beta inhibitors, cationic channel blockers, anticancer, cytotoxic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial compounds. Important biosynthetic pathways found in sponges which give rise to these compounds include the terpenoid (4), fatty acid, polyketoid, quinone reductase, alkaloid, isoprenoid (5), and non-ribosomal protein synthase pathways. Keywords: natural products; marine sponges; drug discovery; terpenoids; carotenoids; polyketides; marine drug discovery

scholarly journals Metabolites from marine invertebrates and their symbiotic microorganisms: molecular diversity discovery, mining, and application

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Liu ◽  
Yao-Yao Zheng ◽  
Chang-Lun Shao ◽  
Chang-Yun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Epigenetic Modification ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Bioactive Natural Products ◽  
Symbiotic Microorganisms ◽  
Symbiotic Fungi

Abstract Metabolites from marine organisms have proven to be a rich source for the discovery of multiple potent bioactive molecules with diverse structures. In recent years, we initiated a program to investigate the diversity of the secondary metabolites from marine invertebrates and their symbiotic microorganisms collected from the South China Sea. In this review, representative cases are summarized focusing on molecular diversity, mining, and application of natural products from these marine organisms. To provide a comprehensive introduction to the field of marine natural products, we highlight typical molecules including their structures, chemical synthesis, bioactivities and mechanisms, structure–activity relationships as well as biogenesis. The mining of marine-derived microorganisms to produce novel secondary metabolites is also discussed through the OSMAC strategy and via partial chemical epigenetic modification. A broad prospectus has revealed a plethora of bioactive natural products with novel structures from marine organisms, especially from soft corals, gorgonians, sponges, and their symbiotic fungi and bacteria.

scholarly journals ID2017 Cytotoxic activities of Philippine marine sponges against colon cancer cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (S) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Mylene Uy
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Colon Cell ◽  
Diversity Of Life

Although the diversity of life in the terrestrial environment is exceptional, the greatest biodiversity is in the marine environment. Among the marine organisms, the sponges (Porifera) are the most prolific sources of bioactive secondary metabolites. The Philippines, with its long coastal lines, has drawn on its marine capital only to a small extent. Only a few marine organisms (ascidians, sponges, other marine invertebrates and their associated microorganisms) collected from various parts of the Philippines have been documented and investigated in terms of their potential as source of bioactive secondary metabolites, particularly anticancer compounds.  Thirty-seven sponges from the coasts off Mindanao, Philippines were collected, identifies and extracted to give a total of seventy-four polar and nonpolar extracts. The corresponding sponge extracts were screened for the sponge extracts were investigated for cytotoxicity towards colon cell lines (HCT116) using the the tetrazolium dye  (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)- 2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide) [MTTmethod. The results indicated fifteen (15) sponge extracts to be active at 100- microgram/mL  concentration among which seven (7) were still active at 10 microgram/mL while two (2) still exhibited activity at 1 microgram/mL. Further investigation of the active sponge extracts is currently in progress

scholarly journals The Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Secondary Metabolites from Tongan Marine Invertebrates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Victoria Helen Woolner
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Structure Elucidation ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
New Members ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
New Compounds

<p>During the course of this study, Tongan marine organisms were investigated for new secondary metabolites. A combination of reversed- and normal-phase chromatographic techniques and NMR spectroscopy was employed, to aid in the isolation and structure elucidation of the five known and four new compounds isolated in this study. A brief investigation into the antifungal activity of Tongan holothurian saponins was instigated in order to compare the activity against saponins isolated from the common New Zealand sea cucumber, Australostichopus mollis. A yeast-based chemical genetics study, determined the antifungal activity, for four partially purified Tongan holothurian extracts, against Saccharomyces cerevisiae, to be similar to neothyonidioside (44), a saponin from A. mollis. This result suggested the antifungal activity to be a common characteristic to sea cucumber saponins. Further interest in secondary metabolites from Tongan marine organisms led this study towards the investigation of Tongan marine sponges. Five sponges were selected for screening, and two chosen for further study which yielded five known compounds (51–53, 61, 62) and four new fascaplysin derivatives; 7-bromoreticulatine,10-bromo-6,7-dimethoxyhomofascaplysin C,10-bromo-6, 7-dimethoxyhomofascaplysin D, and 10-bromohomofascaplysin A (63–66, respectively). Although 63 and 66 are new members of the fascaplysin family solely due to the position of the bromine, it appears that bromination on the A-ring is comparatively rare, with only three of the 24 literature examples displaying A-ring bromination. On the other hand, 64 and 65 present a new sub-class of fascaplysin derivatives due to the presence of a dimethoxy functionality. Both 7-bromoreticulatine (63) and 10-bromohomofascaplysin A (66) were found to be potently cytotoxic in the HL-60 cell line, exhibiting IC50 values of 33.8 and 498 nM, respectively. 10-Bromo-6,7-dimethoxyhomofascaplysins C (64) and D (65) were significantly less cytotoxic with respective IC₅₀ values of 2.7 and 6.0 μΜ. (Abstract continues with diagrams).</p>

Novel natural product discovery from obligate symbiotic organisms of marine sponges

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina R. Monaco ◽  
Rena F. Quinlan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Quinone Reductase ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Rich Source ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Terrestrial Plants ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Pharmacologically Active

A rich source for the discovery of novel, pharmacologically active natural products has been terrestrial plants and microbes, accounting for about 85% of the approved natural products in pharmaceutical use (1), and about 60% of approved pharmaceuticals and new drug applications annually (2). Discovery in the marine environment has lagged due to the difficulty of exploration in this ecological niche. Such exploration began in the 1950’s, after technological advances such as scuba diving allowed collection of marine organisms, primarily to a depth of about 15m, which was the limit of that technology.Natural products from filter feeding marine invertebrates and in particular, sponges, have proven to be a rich source of structurally unique pharmacologically active compounds, with over 16,000 molecules isolated thus far (3, 1) and a continuing pace of discovery at hundreds of novel bioactive molecules per year. All classes of pharmaceuticals have been represented in this discovery process, including antiprotozoals, pesticides, TGF-beta inhibitors, cationic channel blockers, anticancer, cytotoxic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial compounds. Important biosynthetic pathways found in sponges which give rise to these compounds include the terpenoid (4), fatty acid, polyketoid, quinone reductase, alkaloid, isoprenoid (5), and non-ribosomal protein synthase pathways.

scholarly journals The Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Secondary Metabolites from Tongan Marine Invertebrates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Victoria Helen Woolner
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Structure Elucidation ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
New Members ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
New Compounds

<p>During the course of this study, Tongan marine organisms were investigated for new secondary metabolites. A combination of reversed- and normal-phase chromatographic techniques and NMR spectroscopy was employed, to aid in the isolation and structure elucidation of the five known and four new compounds isolated in this study. A brief investigation into the antifungal activity of Tongan holothurian saponins was instigated in order to compare the activity against saponins isolated from the common New Zealand sea cucumber, Australostichopus mollis. A yeast-based chemical genetics study, determined the antifungal activity, for four partially purified Tongan holothurian extracts, against Saccharomyces cerevisiae, to be similar to neothyonidioside (44), a saponin from A. mollis. This result suggested the antifungal activity to be a common characteristic to sea cucumber saponins. Further interest in secondary metabolites from Tongan marine organisms led this study towards the investigation of Tongan marine sponges. Five sponges were selected for screening, and two chosen for further study which yielded five known compounds (51–53, 61, 62) and four new fascaplysin derivatives; 7-bromoreticulatine,10-bromo-6,7-dimethoxyhomofascaplysin C,10-bromo-6, 7-dimethoxyhomofascaplysin D, and 10-bromohomofascaplysin A (63–66, respectively). Although 63 and 66 are new members of the fascaplysin family solely due to the position of the bromine, it appears that bromination on the A-ring is comparatively rare, with only three of the 24 literature examples displaying A-ring bromination. On the other hand, 64 and 65 present a new sub-class of fascaplysin derivatives due to the presence of a dimethoxy functionality. Both 7-bromoreticulatine (63) and 10-bromohomofascaplysin A (66) were found to be potently cytotoxic in the HL-60 cell line, exhibiting IC50 values of 33.8 and 498 nM, respectively. 10-Bromo-6,7-dimethoxyhomofascaplysins C (64) and D (65) were significantly less cytotoxic with respective IC₅₀ values of 2.7 and 6.0 μΜ. (Abstract continues with diagrams).</p>

scholarly journals Natural Products in Polyclad Flatworms

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Justin M. McNab ◽  
Jorge Rodríguez ◽  
Peter Karuso ◽  
Jane E. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Symbiotic Bacteria ◽  
Chemical Defences ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Bioactive Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Polyclad Flatworms

Marine invertebrates are promising sources of novel bioactive secondary metabolites, and organisms like sponges, ascidians and nudibranchs are characterised by possessing potent defensive chemicals. Animals that possess chemical defences often advertise this fact with aposematic colouration that potential predators learn to avoid. One seemingly defenceless group that can present bright colouration patterns are flatworms of the order Polycladida. Although members of this group have typically been overlooked due to their solitary and benthic nature, recent studies have isolated the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin from these mesopredators. This review considers the potential of polyclads as potential sources of natural products and reviews what is known of the activity of the molecules found in these animals. Considering the ecology and diversity of polyclads, only a small number of species from both suborders of Polycladida, Acotylea and Cotylea have been investigated for natural products. As such, confirming assumptions as to which species are in any sense toxic or if the compounds they use are biosynthesised, accumulated from food or the product of symbiotic bacteria is difficult. However, further research into the group is suggested as these animals often display aposematic colouration and are known to prey on invertebrates rich in bioactive secondary metabolites.

scholarly journals Cytotoxic activity of marine sponge extracts from the sub-Antarctic Islands and the Southern Ocean

2016 ◽  
Vol Volume 112 (Number 11/12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth K. Olsen ◽  
Christopher K. de Cerf ◽  
Godwin A. Dziwornu ◽  
Eleonora Puccinelli ◽  
Isabelle J. Ansorge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Benthic Invertebrate ◽  
Marine Sponges ◽  
Bioactive Natural Products ◽  
Prince Edward Islands

Abstract Over the past 50 years, marine invertebrates, especially sponges, have proven to be a valuable source of new and/or bioactive natural products that have the potential to be further developed as lead compounds for pharmaceutical applications. Although marine benthic invertebrate communities occurring off the coast of South Africa have been explored for their biomedicinal potential, the natural product investigation of marine sponges from the sub-Antarctic Islands in the Southern Ocean for the presence of bioactive secondary metabolites has been relatively unexplored thus far. We report here the results for the biological screening of both aqueous and organic extracts prepared from nine specimens of eight species of marine sponges, collected from around Marion Island and the Prince Edward Islands in the Southern Ocean, for their cytotoxic activity against three cancer cell lines. The results obtained through this multidisciplinary collaborative research effort by exclusively South African institutions has provided an exciting opportunity to discover cytotoxic compounds from sub-Antarctic sponges, whilst contributing to our understanding of the biodiversity and geographic distributions of these cold-water invertebrates. Therefore, we acknowledge here the various contributions of the diverse scientific disciplines that played a pivotal role in providing the necessary platform for the future natural products chemistry investigation of these marine sponges from the sub- Antarctic Islands and the Southern Ocean.

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