scholarly journals Analisa Kualitas dan Kuantitas Biogas dari Kotoran Ternak

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Made Mara ◽  
Ida Bagus Alit
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Energy Source ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Animal Dung ◽  
Buffalo Dung

Our life is completely dependent on a reliable and adequate supply of energy. In other to reduce dependence on fossil fuels, the use of animal dung in producing a renewable alternative source of energy has been proved using cow dung. Concerns over the environment and the rising costs for energy and waste water treatment have caused a resurgence of interest in anaerobic treatment and subsequent use of the biogas produced during this treatment of organic wastes as fuel. Biogas from manure wastes has become a potential renewable energy source for both domestic and commercial usage especially in West Nusa Tenggara. This study aims to investagate the quality and quantity of biogas produced from animal dung. The Cows, buffaloes and horses dung were used in this research using anaerobic biotank proses. The animal dungs were digested in ambient temperature and the water composition of degester was also analysed. The result shows that total volume of biogas produced by horse dung is 577.735 liters, and then cow dung is 373.839 liters, and the smallest production generated by buffalo dung which is 352.975 liters. Moreover, biogas from horse dungs generated the highest power of combustion, followed by cow dung, and buffalo dung, 732,425 watt, 556,521 watt 539,759 watt resfectively.

Application of the UASB-Reactor for Anaerobic Treatment of Paper and Board Mill Effluent

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
L H A Habets ◽  
J H Knelissen
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Seed Sludge ◽  
Uasb Reactors

Within the holding of Bührmann-Tetterode NV, 7 Dutch paper and board mills are operating, all of them using mainly waste paper as raw material. While three of them completely closed their watercircuits, two other mills put into practice biological waste water treatment namely anaerobic and anaerobic/aerobic. Number 6 is realising an anaerobic plant this year and for number 7 research is still being carried out, dealing with several unfavourable aspects. In September 1981 research for anaerobic treatment (UASB reactors) was started. After good results had been achieved on laboratory scale (301), further investigations were started on semitechnical scale (50 m3). In both cases the anaerobic seed sludge granulated after a while and loadings up to 20 kg COD/m3.d could be handled. COD-removal was 70 per cent, even when the hydraulic retention time was only 2.5 hours. In April 1983 a 70 m3 practical scale UASB reactor was started up at the solid board mill of Ceres. In October 1983 a full scale plant was started up at Papierfabriek Roermond. This plant consists of a 1,000 m3 UASB reactor and a 70 m3 gasholder. It has been designed and constructed by Paques BV and is used for pretreatment of effluent, in order to reduce the loading of the activated sludge plant. Besides energy savings on the oxygen input, about 1 million m3/year of biogas is being generated and is used for steamproduction. Both plants are working satisfactorily. Investment costs appeared to be relatively low. At Ceres, pay-out time is 1.5 year, while at Papierfabriek Roermond waste water treatment is cheaper than before, although capacity is doubled.

Design Operation and Economy of Anaerobic Treatment

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 177-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Lettinga ◽  
S W Hobma ◽  
L W Hulshoff Pol ◽  
W de Zeeuw ◽  
P de Jong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Water Treatment Process ◽  
Filter Process ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

This paper aims to contribute to the assesment of a (more) optimal design and operation of a high rate anaerobic waste water treatment process. The discussion will be made on basis of available information of modern anaerobic waste water treatment processes, such as the Anaerobic Filter Process and the Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket process and of recently introduced Attached Film processes.

scholarly journals Sewage sludge as a biomass energy source

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Kolat ◽  
Zdeněk Kadlec
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Energy Source ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plants

The major part of the dry matter content of sewage sludge consists of nontoxic organic compounds, in general a combination of primary sludge and secondary microbiological sludge. The sludge also contains a substantive amount of inorganic material and a small amount of toxic components. There are many sludge-management options in which production of energy is one of the key treatment steps. The most important options are anaerobic digestion, co-digestion, incineration in combination with energy recovery and co-incineration in coal-fired power plants. The goal of our applied research is to verify, if the sludge from waste water treatment plants may be used as a biomass energy source in respect of the EU legislation, which would comply with emission limits or the proposal of energy process optimizing the preparation of coal/sludge mixture for combustion in the existing fluid bed boilers in the Czech Republic. The paper discusses the questions of thermal usage of mechanically drained stabilized sewage sludge from the waste water treatment plants in the boiler with circulated fluid layer. The paper describes methods of thermal analysis of coal, sewage sludge and its mixtures, mud transport to the circulating fluidised bed boiler, effects on efficiency, operational reliability of the combustion equipment, emissions and solid combustion residues.

scholarly journals Anaerobic treatment of sludge, industrial waste water and industrial waste from food industry

2019 ◽  
pp. 243-252
Author(s):  
Björn Rosén ◽  
Håkan Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Industrial Waste Water

The use of biological anaerobic treatment for sludge digestion in treatment plants has a Jong operational record. The result is a lower amount of stabilised sludge and a considerable energy output, as heat and possibly also electrical energy. In industrial waste water treatment, anaerobic processes have also been used quite a Jong period, especially in food and pulp and paper industries. The anaerobic treatment of organic waste from industries or municipal waste, is a more recent application. The paper presents a summary of used anaerobic technology, with a special case from the Kalmar waste water treatment plant, where the two existing sludge digesters are upgraded to termophilic anaerobic treatment, one unit t be used for sludge and the other, separately, for organic waste from food industry and manure from farms.

scholarly journals Conversion of Solid Biomass into Biochar: Act as a Green, Eco-Friendly Energy Source and a Substitute of Fossil Fuel Inputs

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Swapan Suman
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
C Sequestration ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Alternative Source

To meet the global demand of energy requires an alternative source, preferably with a lower concern of climate change. Biochar production from agricultural biomass waste by pyrolysis creates a unique solution for producing a useful source of green energy. Biochar is a carbon-rich product with a high heating value which is comparable with our primary energy sources (fossil fuels). Biochar can be utilized for various purposes such as energy production and soil enhancement. Biochar can be more suitable for steelmaking, in view of their chemical and thermo-chemical characteristics including low ash, higher heating values (HHV), and high surface area. Biochar can also be utilised selectively for soil amelioration, C-sequestration, and waste water treatment, in view of the suitability of their characteristics (such as higher values of pH, mineral content, and surface area) for meeting the requirements for a particular purpose. This study associates the characteristics of biochar produced by slow pyrolysis at 800 °C for two biomass residues: corn cob and coconut shell. These results can be used to establish ideal utilization means of biomass for energy and/or biochar production.

Waste Water Recycling by Duckweed for Protein Production and Effluent Renovation

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 803-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon Oron ◽  
Louw R. Wildschut ◽  
Dan Porath
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Simultaneous Treatment

Waste water treatment and recycling facilities are becoming increasingly necessary in arid zones, especially in the light of the shortage of conventional water sources. The simultaneous treatment of waste water and the production of duckweed in a pond system, as an alternative protein source, is an attractive proposition for solving the feed and water shortage problem. Outdoor experiments conducted in mini-ponds showed that duckweed ponds may be highly competitive with existing secondary treatment methods. The duckweed biomass, with a crude protein content of above 30% (dry weight), may be used as an alternative source for animal feed. The ease of the duckweed harvesting makes the system even more economically attractive. The work describes the basic outdoor biotechnology aimed at eliminating the superior organic loading in the pond as given by the ratio of COD and NH+4 in the raw domestic sewage. This ratio was examined in respect to the retention time of the wastes in the ponds and protein production by the floating vascular plant biomass.

Pretreatments Testing of High Biodiversity Inocula with Simultaneous Biohydrogen Production and Wastewater Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 806-808
Author(s):  
Vasile Daniel Gherman ◽  
Paul Molnar ◽  
Marilena Motoc ◽  
Adina Negrea
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Biohydrogen Production ◽  
Microbial Consortia ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Fermentative Capacity

Hydrogen represents a renewable energy resource and it is an ideal alternative to fossil fuels since it does not contribute to the greenhouse effect. In the present study it has been proposed to develop an experimental model to test and compare fermentative capacity of waste water with biohydrogen production for two high biodiversity heterotrophic microbial inocula. All the pretreatment methods tested yielded good results, but heat and acid pretreatment had the best results. These observations open the way for the development and application of new technologies using microbial consortia specially developed to serve the dual role of biological waste water treatment and the production of a renewable energy in the form of biohydrogen.

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