scholarly journals ULTRASONOGRAPHY

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
TAHIR MALIK ◽  
ZAFAR AMIN ◽  
TAHIR MALIK
Keyword(s):  
Acute Abdomen ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Radiation Hazards ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

) To determine the role of ultrasonography as the primaryimaging modality in patients of acute abdomen. (2) To evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negativepredictive value of ultrasonography in acute abdomen. Design: A hospital based descriptive study. Setting: InCombined Military Hospital Lahore which is a tertiary care hospital. Period: From 1 Jan 2003 to 30 Dec 2003. stSubjects: A total of 100 consecutive patients of acute abdomen were selected for the study. There were 61 malepatients and 39 female patients. The patients’ age ranged from 02 years to 70 years. Ultrasonography was done usingALOKA SSD-5500 machine with high resolution probes. Results: During my study of patients of acute abdomen mostcommon conditions encountered were renal colic due to renal and ureteric stones followed by gut perforation,cholecystitis, appendicitis and cholelithiasis. My study revealed a sensitivity of 79.7% and specificity of 88.4% ofultrasonography in patients with acute abdomen. The positive predictive value was 95.1% and a negative predictivevalue was 60.5%. Conclusion: Ultrasonography helped in prompt decision making in most of the cases of acuteabdomen with a high sensitivity and specificity in skilled and experienced hands, as well as high positive predictivevalue. Hence, in our setup it can be used as a primary imaging modality for patients presenting with acute abdomenin any age group, as it is readily available, cost effective and free of any radiation hazards. Ultrasonography not onlyhelps in diagnosing the cause of pain but also ruling out other possibilities.

scholarly journals Evaluation of HiCrome KPC Agar for the Screening of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales Colonization in the ICU Setting of a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashoka Mahapatra ◽  
K Nikitha ◽  
Sutapa Rath ◽  
Bijayini Behera ◽  
Kavita Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae Carbapenemase ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Rectal Swabs ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Indian Setting ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Background Spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) is a significant concern in intensive care unit (ICU) settings. Approaches to routine screening for CRE colonization in all ICU patients vary depending on institutional epidemiology and resources. The present study was aimed to evaluate the performance of HiCrome Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) agar for the detection of CRE colonization in ICU settings taking the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommended method as reference. Methods Two-hundred and eighty rectal swabs (duplicate) from 140 patients were subjected to CRE detection in HiCrome KPC agar and MacConkey agar (CDC criteria). Results Using CDC method, total 41 CRE isolates were recovered comprising of 29 E scherichia coli, 11 Klebsiella, and 1 Enterobacter spp. On the other hand, 49 isolates of CRE recovered from 140 rectal swabs using HiCrome KPC agar, out of which 33 were E. coli, 15 Klebsiella, and 1 Enterobacter sp. Statistical Analysis Sensitivity, specificity, negative, and positive predictive values of CRE screening by HiCrome KPC agar were found to be 100% (91.4–100), 91.9% (84.8–95.8), 83.6% (70.9–91.4), and 100% (95.9–100), respectively, taking the CDC recommended method as reference. Conclusion HiCrome KPC agar has high sensitivity in screening CRE colonization. Further studies are needed to establish its applicability for detecting the predominant circulating carbapenemases in the Indian setting.

scholarly journals ROLE OF ULTRASOUND AS AN IMAGING MODALITY IN NEOPLASTIC OVARIAN MASSES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (94) ◽  
pp. 6858-6862
Author(s):  
Singhal R P ◽  
Pardaman Singh Setia ◽  
Kawal Preet Kaur ◽  
Virinder Mohan ◽  
Payal Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Ovarian Masses

scholarly journals ROLE OF ULTRASOUND AS AN IMAGING MODALITY IN THE UTERINE MASSES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (19) ◽  
pp. 2390-2392
Author(s):  
Singhal R. P ◽  
Pardaman Singh Setia ◽  
Kawal Preet Kaur ◽  
Virinder Mohan ◽  
Payal Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital

“ROLE OF COMPUTER AIDED DIAGNOSIS (CAD) IN EVALUATING LUNG LESIONS – AN INSTITUTIONAL EXPERIENCE”

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-18
Author(s):  
Phani Chakravarty Mutnuru ◽  
Dodle Meena ◽  
Shettipally Yakshith
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Computer Aided Diagnosis ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Lung Lesions ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Diagnosis

Introduction: Lung opacities are one of most common radiological ndings and can be seen in variety of lung pathologies. They are classied into ground glass opacities, nodules and masses depending on size. CT has been the imaging modality of choice for the detection, characterization and follow-up of lung nodules. Traditionally these tasks are performed by Radiologists , however recently advances like Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) are gaining interest to reduce the load on Radiologists. Aim: To study the role of Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) in evaluating lung lesions on Chest Computed Tomography (CT). Materials and Methods:A retrospective analysis conducted in department of Radiology in a Tertiary care Hospital, Hyderabad over a period of 3 months . A total of 100 patients with lung lesions ( ground glass opacities (GGOs), nodules and masses ) who underwent Chest CT were studied. Results: In our study, 18 patients had GGOs, 65 had nodules and 17 had masses. CAD could detect GGOs only in 04 patients, whereas Radiologist detected GGOs in 16 patients. For nodules, we analysed size, number, location & morphology for which CAD showed overall poor performance as compared to Radiologist. For masses, CAD and Radiologist could detect lesions in all 17 patients. Conclusions: In our study, the role of CAD is only a complimentary tool to the Radiologist in detection and characterization of lung lesions and thereby enhancing the workow.

scholarly journals Accuracy of the hematological scoring system (HSS) for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis in Tertiary Care Hospital.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (04) ◽  
pp. 742-745
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asghar Ali ◽  
Ali Hammad ◽  
Hafiz Muhammad Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Early Diagnose ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Culture Positive

Objectives: Neonatal sepsis is a known and significant contributor to newborn morbidity and mortality. We conducted this study to find out the efficiency of hematological scoring system (HSS) in predicting neonatal sepsis. Study Design: Prospective study. Setting: Neonatology Unit of Civil Hospital, Bahawalpur. Period: 1st July 2018 to 31st December 2018. Materials & Methods: A total of 100 neonates having high probability of sepsis were admitted and evaluated in NICU, Institution’s pathological lab was the center for all the workups. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values (PPVs) along with negative predictive values (NPVs) were calculated for different study parameters. P value < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Amongst a total of 100 neonates, 62 (62.0%) were males and 38 (38.0%) females. There were 32 (32.0%) preterm while 68 (68.0%) term neonates. Culture positive cases were found to be 33 (33.0%) whereas CRP was noted reactive in 62 (62.0%) cases. Neonatal age as preterm, culture positive neonates (p < 0.001) as well as CRP as reactive were found to be significantly associated with HSS > 5. Immature to total neutrophil ratio (I:T) as well as Immature to mature neutrophil ratio (I:M) had the highest sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion: HSS is a simple to use and efficient method that can be used to early diagnose and treat cases of neonatal sepsis. HSS has a high sensitivity as well specificity as high scores of HSS highlight sepsis.

TO DETERMINE THE ROLE OF CA125 IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Bhupen Songra ◽  
Richa Jain ◽  
Deeksha Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Surgery Department

Background: the present study was under taken to determine the role of CA-125 in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis (AA), to prevent its complications and also in preventing negative appendicectomies in tertiary care hospital. Methods: The study was conducted at a tertiary care and research center between 01/03/2018 to 30/06/2019. Patients admitted to the surgery department with diagnosis of AA were considered for the study. After informed consent, a, standardized history was obtained as a case Performa. Serum samples from all the cases with clinical diagnosis of AA were obtained and stored. Only the cases with histopathologically approved AA were included in the study. Cases operated for clinical diagnosis of AA, but not histopathologically proven AA was not included in the study. CA125 levels in cases with definitive diagnosis of AA were measured. Results: In present study, ROC curve analysis revealed the sensitivity of 87.27 % and specificity of 90.91 % when the CA 125 cut-off value of > 16.8 was taken to diagnose acute appendicitis. AUC was 0.911 with a standard error of 0.0292. Conclusion: In this study we have observed that CA125 showed a positive correlation with acute appendicitis, that was statistically not significant (P>0.05). We didn’t evaluate the correlation with the disease severity. We consider that CA125 can be used as a marker in acute appendicitis cases although further research is still needed. Keywords: CA125, Acute Appendicitis, Surgery.

The role of the clinical pharmacist in guiding adjuvant hormonal therapy in patients with breast cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 107815522110293
Author(s):  
Amanda V Pirolli ◽  
Tatiana Brusamarello ◽  
Stella S Everton ◽  
Vânia M S Andrzejevski
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Hormonal Therapy ◽  
Clinical Pharmacist ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Adjuvant Hormonal Therapy ◽  
Breast Cancers

Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among women, affecting about 2.1 million worldwide and is responsible for the highest number of cancer-related deaths among women. Approximately 80% of breast cancers express on the surface of hormone receptor cells, such as progesterone and estrogen. In these cases, Adjuvant Hormonal Therapy (AHT) is indicated for a period of five to ten years and consists of taking a daily oral pill. The two most used drugs in AHT are tamoxifen and Aromatase Inhibitors. One of the issues most faced by individuals who are subjected to long periods of treatment is the lack of medication adherence and, consequently, therapeutic inefficiency. It is believed that the monitoring by the pharmacist can contribute to the reduction of errors inherent to the medication, making the treatment more effective and improving the patient's quality of life. The present study aimed to know the perception of patients who live with breast cancer and who do AHT in relation to the educational performance of the clinical pharmacist. This is a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study, carried out from March to October 2020, with 15 women undergoing treatment at the oncology unit of a tertiary-care hospital in south of Brazil. The data were obtained through a semi-structured interview using an instrument composed of two parts, one referring to the characterization of the participants and the other with the guiding question of the research: "How do you perceive the role of the pharmacist in relation to the guidelines for the use of adjuvant hormonal therapy?". The method of theoretical saturation was used to perform the sample closure and the thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. The participants were between 32 and 74 years old, seven were on tamoxifen therapy and eight on anastrozole, ten were on the first year of treatment, two on the second and three on the third year. The themes that emerged were: pharmacist-patient interaction as a safety factor in hormone therapy; role of the pharmacist in the development of strategies for self-management of the patients during hormone therapy; and, challenges for the pharmacist in relation to hormone therapy through continued guidance. It was evident that the pharmacist's educational action encouraged the participants to carry out the treatment in a more confident and assertive manner according to their particularities and beliefs.

Ultrasound Employed to Detect Breast Lumps among Symptomatic Patients in Tertiary Care Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 296-300
Author(s):  
Ameet Jesrani ◽  
Pari Gul ◽  
Nida Khan ◽  
Seema Nayab ◽  
Fahmida Naheed
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Ultra Sound ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breast Lumps

Objective: To assess different pathological breast lesions in ultra sound in a subgroup of population. Study design and setting: It was a cross sectional study conducted at Bolan Medical Complex Hospital Quetta, Pakistan from June 2018 to January 2019. Methodology: Total 103 patients with breast swelling, pain and discharge were targeted. Gray scale and Doppler Ultrasound of breast followed by FNAC/biopsy of breast lesion was performed. Data presented as mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables and frequency with percentages for categorical variables. Results: Out of 48 clinically palpable lumps US detected all of 48 lumps and additionally 12 clinically non palpable masses were detected on US examination. Thus, overall sensitivity of ultrasound in detecting breast lumps was 100%. Fibroadenoma of the breast was diagnosed accurately in 80.3% of women. Ultrasound reliably differentiated cystic from solid breast masses (100%). The sensitivity of ultrasound for detecting breast carcinoma was 63.4% with a positive predictive value of 87.5%, a negative predictive value of 99.5% and accuracy of 58.33%. US findings most suggestive of benign lesions were oval or round shape in 88.3%, well defined margin in 84%, absent lobulation in 86.04% and wider than taller ratio in 90.69% of the cases.US findings of most predictive for malignancy were of irregular shape in 81.8%, ill-defined margin in 90.9% and length to height ratio in 63.6% of cases. Conclusion: Ultrasound is simple, cheap, safe and relatively accessible imaging modality for evaluation of breast pathologies. Due to its high sensitivity in diagnosing benign breast lesions particularly cystic lesions and fibroadenoma unnecessary interventions can be avoided

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