scholarly journals MALIGNANT LUNG TUMORS

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (02) ◽  
pp. 187-191
Author(s):  
RAO SAAD ALI KHAN ◽  
RAFI UD DIN
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Validation Study ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Isotonic Saline ◽  
Lung Tumors ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Good Sensitivity ◽  
Bronchial Wash

O b j e c t i v e : To determine sensitivity and specificity of bronchial wash cytology in diagnosis of malignant lung tumors, withhistopathology as gold standard. D e s i g n : Validation study of bronchial wash cytology as a screening procedure. S e t t i n g : Pulmonologyunit,Department of Medicine, Military Hospital Rawalpindi. D u r a t i o n : Six months (from Nov 2004 to May 2005) Patients a n d m e t h o d s:Hundred indoor patients of either gender with clinical suspicion of lung tumors were included in this study by convenience non probabilitysampling. Transbronchial biopsies of the lesions were done and samples of tissues were collected for histopathological examination. Tenml of reaspirated isotonic saline was sent for bronchial wash cytology examination. R e s u l t s : Out of 100 patients histopathologicalexamination confirmed malignancy in 75 (75%), whereas cytology could detect malignancy in 58 (58%). Thus bronchial wash cytology hada sensitivity of 77.33% and a specificity of 100%. Conclusion: Pulmonary wash cytology has good sensitivity and specificity but yields lessinformation as compared to biopsy. It is particularly useful in patients where the latter is contraindicated or the required expertise is notavailable.

Bath PUVA in the Treatment of Palmoplantar Psoriasis

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Wahab ◽  
MN Amin ◽  
MAL Khan ◽  
MS Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Lesional Skin ◽  
Different Types

During the period of May 2000 to April 2005 a total of 50 cases (30 male and 20 female) of 20 to 50 years age groups were studied at the Department of Dermatology & Venereology, Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka Cantonment, Dhaka with different types and grades of palmoplantar psoriasis (PPPS) (Noble classification) to evaluate the efficacy of bath PUVA in the treatment of palmoplantar psoriasis. Diagnosis was based on clinical suspicion and confirmed by histopathological examination of lesional skin. Bath PUVA was given thrice in a week initially and then twice and once in a week according to the response of the patient. Amelioration of symptoms in different degrees were observed in mild 62%, moderate 50% and severe cases 25% . It appears that bath PUVA is safer and effective in mild and moderate cases of PPPS if treated earlier. (J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2006; 24: 14-18)

scholarly journals Histopathological Examination in the Categorization of fungal Rhinosinusitis - a Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 478-481
Author(s):  
Sangeetha Kandasamy ◽  
Megala Chandrasekar ◽  
Thamilselvi Ramachadran
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Nasal Polyps ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Fungal Sinusitis ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Made In

Introduction: Fungal Rhinosinusitis is broadly defined as any sinonasal pathology related to the presence of fungi and is increasingly recognized worldwide. This study aimed to assess and ascertain the need for histopathological examination in the management of fungal Rhinosinusitis. Materials and Methods:  This study was performed over two years, from April 2019 to April 2021, in the Department of Pathology, Vinayaka Missions KirupanandaVariyar Medical College and Hospital, Salem. A total of 383 cases of rhinosinusitis/nasal polyps were studied. Histopathological examination and categorization were done and compared with clinical diagnosis. Results: Only 4/18 cases of acute fungal Rhinosinusitis were correctly diagnosed(22.22%). Nineteen cases of the fungal ball were diagnosed, but none was correctly categorized. Clinical suspicion of fungal sinusitis was present in 10 cases of Rhinosinusitis, which turned out to be chronic Rhinosinusitis in histopathology. In AFRS, fungal elements were overlooked in Hematoxylin and Eosin stained slides and identified only by Grocottmethenamine silver in one-fourth of the cases. Conclusions: Though clinical diagnosis was made in 86% of fungal rhinosinusitis cases, correct categorization was done only in one-third of cases. CT scan could diagnose 60% of cases, but none was categorized. As treatment depends on the type of fungal Rhinosinusitis, histopathological examination is the gold standard for diagnosing and treating fungal Rhinosinusitis.

The (Absence of a) Role of Venous Duplex Scan in the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Embolism after Severe Trauma

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
George C. Velmahos ◽  
Carlos V. Brown ◽  
Demetrios Demetriades
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Severely Injured ◽  
Duplex Scan ◽  
Severely Injured Patients ◽  
High Level ◽  
Injured Patients

Venous duplex scan (VDS) has been used for interim bedside diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) in severely injured patients deemed to be at risk if transported out of the intensive care unit. In combination with the level of clinical suspicion for PE, VDS helps select patients for temporary treatment until definitive diagnosis is made. We evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of VDS in critically injured patients with a high level of clinical suspicion for PE. We performed a prospective observational cohort study at the surgical intensive care unit of an academic level 1 trauma center. Patients were 59 critically injured patients suspected to have PE over a 30-month period. The level of clinical suspicion for PE was classified as low or high according to preset criteria. Interventions were VDS and a PE outcome test (conventional or computed tomographic pulmonary angiography). The sensitivity and specificity of VDS to detect PE in all patients and in patients with high level of clinical suspicion was calculated against the results of the outcome test. PE was diagnosed in 21 patients (35.5%). The sensitivity and specificity of VDS was 33 per cent and 89 per cent, respectively. Among the 28 patients who had a high level of clinical suspicion for PE, the sensitivity of VDS was 23 per cent and the specificity 93 per cent. In this latter population, 1 of the 4 (25%) positive VDS was of a patient without PE and 10 of the 24 (42%) negative VDS were of patients who had PE. VDS does not accurately predict PE in severely injured patients, even in the presence of a high level of clinical suspicion.

scholarly journals A Validation Study of a Commercial Wearable Device to Automatically Detect and Estimate Sleep

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Dean J. Miller ◽  
Gregory D. Roach ◽  
Michele Lastella ◽  
Aaron T. Scanlan ◽  
Clint R. Bellenger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Validation Study ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Rapid Eye Movement Sleep ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Manual Adjustment ◽  
Light Sleep

The aims of this study were to: (1) compare actigraphy (ACTICAL) and a commercially available sleep wearable (i.e., WHOOP) under two functionalities (i.e., sleep auto-detection (WHOOP-AUTO) and manual adjustment of sleep (WHOOP-MANUAL)) for two-stage categorisation of sleep (sleep or wake) against polysomnography, and; (2) compare WHOOP-AUTO and WHOOP-MANUAL for four-stage categorisation of sleep (wake, light sleep, slow wave sleep (SWS), or rapid eye movement sleep (REM)) against polysomnography. Six healthy adults (male: n = 3; female: n = 3; age: 23.0 ± 2.2 yr) participated in the nine-night protocol. Fifty-four sleeps assessed by ACTICAL, WHOOP-AUTO and WHOOP-MANUAL were compared to polysomnography using difference testing, Bland–Altman comparisons, and 30-s epoch-by-epoch comparisons. Compared to polysomnography, ACTICAL overestimated total sleep time (37.6 min) and underestimated wake (−37.6 min); WHOOP-AUTO underestimated SWS (−15.5 min); and WHOOP-MANUAL underestimated wake (−16.7 min). For ACTICAL, sensitivity for sleep, specificity for wake and overall agreement were 98%, 60% and 89%, respectively. For WHOOP-AUTO, sensitivity for sleep, wake, and agreement for two-stage and four-stage categorisation of sleep were 90%, 60%, 86% and 63%, respectively. For WHOOP-MANUAL, sensitivity for sleep, wake, and agreement for two-stage and four-stage categorisation of sleep were 97%, 45%, 90% and 62%, respectively. WHOOP-AUTO and WHOOP-MANUAL have a similar sensitivity and specificity to actigraphy for two-stage categorisation of sleep and can be used as a practical alternative to polysomnography for two-stage categorisation of sleep and four-stage categorisation of sleep.

scholarly journals Evaluation of automated microvascular flow analysis software AVA 4: a validation study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian S. Guay ◽  
Mariam Khebir ◽  
T. Shiva Shahiri ◽  
Ariana Szilagyi ◽  
Erin Elizabeth Cole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Validation Study ◽  
Validation Studies ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Altman Analysis ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Bland Altman Analysis ◽  
Microvascular Flow

Abstract Background Real-time automated analysis of videos of the microvasculature is an essential step in the development of research protocols and clinical algorithms that incorporate point-of-care microvascular analysis. In response to the call for validation studies of available automated analysis software by the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, and building on a previous validation study in sheep, we report the first human validation study of AVA 4. Methods Two retrospective perioperative datasets of human microcirculation videos (P1 and P2) and one prospective healthy volunteer dataset (V1) were used in this validation study. Video quality was assessed using the modified Microcirculation Image Quality Selection (MIQS) score. Videos were initially analyzed with (1) AVA software 3.2 by two experienced investigators using the gold standard semi-automated method, followed by an analysis with (2) AVA automated software 4.1. Microvascular variables measured were perfused vessel density (PVD), total vessel density (TVD), and proportion of perfused vessels (PPV). Bland–Altman analysis and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were used to measure agreement between the two methods. Each method’s ability to discriminate between microcirculatory states before and after induction of general anesthesia was assessed using paired t-tests. Results Fifty-two videos from P1, 128 videos from P2 and 26 videos from V1 met inclusion criteria for analysis. Correlational analysis and Bland–Altman analysis revealed poor agreement and no correlation between AVA 4.1 and AVA 3.2. Following the induction of general anesthesia, TVD and PVD measured using AVA 3.2 increased significantly for P1 (p < 0.05) and P2 (p < 0.05). However, these changes could not be replicated with the data generated by AVA 4.1. Conclusions AVA 4.1 is not a suitable tool for research or clinical purposes at this time. Future validation studies of automated microvascular flow analysis software should aim to measure the new software’s agreement with the gold standard, its ability to discriminate between clinical states and the quality thresholds at which its performance becomes unacceptable.

Association between endometritis and urocystitis in culled sows

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Biksi ◽  
N. Takács ◽  
F. Vetési ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Urogenital Tract

Slaughterhouse sampling and examination of urogenital tracts of 499 sows and gilts culled for reproductive reasons from 21 Hungarian herds were performed over a 6-year period. The aim was to estimate the prevalence of different urogenital tract lesions, and to provide sensitivity and specificity estimates for macroscopic and bacteriological examinations in the diagnosis of urocystitis and endometritis. Furthermore, the association between endometritis and urocystitis was assessed. The prevalence of main lesions of the urogenital tract was similar to that reported in other studies. The 'sensitivity' of macroscopic and bacteriological methods was determined statistically by taking histopathology as the 'Gold Standard'. As a result, the 'sensitivity' of macroscopic methods for the diagnosis of endometritis and urocystitis was ≤ 18.1% and 47.9%, respectively, while the 'sensitivity' of bacteriology for the diagnosis of the same conditions was ≤ 31.8% and 63.0%, respectively. The presumed positive association between urocystitis and endometritis was confirmed; it was not confounded by parity. Animals affected by urocystitis had a 3.5 times higher odds to simultaneously have endometritis than animals without urocystitis.

Role of MR venography in the evaluation of deep venous thrombosis

1997 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 907-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Catalano ◽  
P. Pavone ◽  
A. Laghi ◽  
A. Scipioni ◽  
F. Fanelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Filling Defect ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Mr Venography ◽  
Diagnostic Modalities ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Intraluminal Filling Defect

Purpose: MR venography has been recommended for the evaluation of deep venous thrombosis. The purpose of our study was to determine the role of MR venography, in particular at the level of the pelvis where other diagnostic modalities show major limitations. Materials and Methods: Forty-three patients with clinical suspicion of deep venous thrombosis were examined by means of pelvic MR venography. In all cases, a 2D-TOF sequence was used with cranial arterial presaturation. In selected cases, i.e. when a small intraluminal filling defect was present, a cine-PC sequence was used in addition in order to exclude the presence of a pulsatility artifact as causing the filling defect. In all cases, contrast venography was also performed and considered to be the standard of reference. Results: MR venography showed 26 patients to be positive for deep venous thrombosis at the pelvic level. These positive results were correct in 25 cases. The analysis of the results provided values of sensitivity and specificity of respectively 100% and 94%, with an overall accuracy of 97.6%. Conclusion: Our results indicate that MR can provide highly accurate images, similar to those of contrast venography, in a noninvasive fashion. It is particularly useful in the pelvic region where the limitations of other imaging modalities are more evident.

scholarly journals The role of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and diffusion-weighted imaging for the differential diagnosis of obstructive biliary disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynep Cetiner-Alpay ◽  
Fatma Kulali ◽  
Aslihan Semiz-Oysu ◽  
Yasar Bukte ◽  
Kamil Ozdil
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
And Diffusion

Background: Although endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is accepted as the gold standard, there is a place for magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the diagnosis of obstructive biliary disorders.Aim: To compare the findings of MRCP with ERCP in patients with obstructive biliary disorders and to investigate the diagnostic efficacy of MRCP combined with DWI.Study design: Retrospective, analytic, cross-sectional study.Methods: The MRCP images of 126 patients who underwent both MRCP and ERCP owing to biliary obstruction were reviewed. Nine patients were excluded because of incomplete diagnostic workup or a long period (>3 months) between MRCP and ERCP. Ninety-two patients underwent DWI, which was also evaluated. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of MRCP and DWI were analysed.Results: The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of MRCP according to ERCP results as the gold standard was 97%, 71% and 93% for assessment of biliary dilatation; 100%, 94.7% and 97.5% for the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis; 93.7%, 100% and 99% for the identification of benign strictures; 100%, 100% and 100% for the diagnosis of malignant tumours; and 100%, 100% and 100% for the detection of complicated hydatid cysts; respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of DWI for the diagnosis of malignant tumour was 100%. In the detection of choledocholithiasis, the sensitivity and specificity of DWI was 70.8% and 100%.Conclusions: MRCP is an alternative, non-invasive, diagnostic modality, comparable with ERCP for the evaluation of pancreaticobiliary diseases. DWI can be helpful for diagnosis of choledocholithiasis and tumours.

scholarly journals Chronic Constrictive Pericarditis

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Hossein Doustkami ◽  
Afshin Hooshyar ◽  
Nasrollah Maleki ◽  
Zahra Tavosi ◽  
Iraj Feizi
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Catheterization ◽  
Constrictive Pericarditis ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Rare Clinical Entity ◽  
Good Recovery ◽  
Prompt Treatment ◽  
High Degree

Constrictive pericarditis (CP) is a rare clinical entity that can pose diagnostic problems. The diagnosis of CP requires a high degree of clinical suspicion. The gold standard for diagnosis is cardiac catheterization with analysis of intracavitary pressure curves, which are high and, in end diastole, equal in all chambers. We present a patient with unexplained dyspnea, recurrent right-side pleural effusion, and ascites. Analysis of the ascitic fluid revealed a high protein content and an elevated serum-ascites gradient. Echocardiography, computed tomography, and cardiac catheterization revealed the diagnosis of CP. He underwent complete pericardiectomy and to date has made a good recovery. The diagnosis of CP is often neglected by admitting physicians, who usually attribute the symptoms to another disease process. This case exemplifies the difficulty in diagnosing this condition, as well as the investigation required, and provides a discussion of the benefit and outcomes of prompt treatment.

Placental mesenchymal dysplasia- A case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-252
Author(s):  
Zeba Nisar ◽  
Mahendra A Patil ◽  
Vaishali J Pol ◽  
Jaydeep N Pol
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Termination Of Pregnancy ◽  
Rare Disorder ◽  
Molar Pregnancy ◽  
Female Fetus ◽  
Beta Hcg ◽  
Antenatal Visits ◽  
Placental Mesenchymal Dysplasia

Placental mesenchymal dysplasia is a rare disorder mainly characterized by enlarged placenta. Patients on antenatal visits present with normal or slightly raised Beta-HCG, raised Alfa-fetoprotein and cystic structures on USG resembling a molar pregnancy. It has to be differentiated from molar pregnancies to avoid unnecessary termination of pregnancy. This condition is associated with IUGR or IUFD. Mostly the fetus are females. Due to lack of awareness of this condition it remains underreported. Here we present a case report of 20 years old female 37 week pregnant with IUGR with clinical suspicion of molar pregnancy gave birth to alive female fetus and on histopathological examination of placenta was diagnosed with PMD.

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