scholarly journals HEPATITIS “C”

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Iqbal ◽  
Adnan Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Rafique Hingoro
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Chronic Hcv ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: To determine incidence of steatosis in non-responder casesof chronic HCV. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Tertiary Care Sanatorium inMedicine Department of LIAQUAT University Hospital Hyderabad/Jamshoro. Period: 26-9-2011to 25 August 2012. Material & Methods: Total 144 non-responders cases of Hepatitis C wereintegrated. Both gender, age 18 to 50 yrs, chronic HCV non-responder cases as well as cases fitfor hepatic biopsy were integrated in study. Grading of Inflammation was carried out as indicatedby histopathological measures. Results: Mean age was 48.5 + 5.2years. Uppermost prevalenceof chronic HCV disease was 65(45.13%) at 41 to 50 years age interval whereas 42(29.1%) caseswere noticed in 31 to 40 yrs age group and 25(17.3%) cases were observed in 20 to 30 yearsof young age group. In this study hepatic steatosis occurrence was observed in 103 (71.5%)cases and these were categories as: grade 1, grade 2, grade 3, as (<33%) 45/103(43.68%), (33to 66%) 35/103(33.98%), (>66%) 23/103(22.33%) respectively. Conclusion: Hepatic steatosisis a important risk factor the cases of HCV to decreased response to antiviral therapy and forprogression toward fibrosis as observed in cases related to metabolic steatosis.

scholarly journals TB-DOTS PROGRAM;

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (04) ◽  
pp. 524-532
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD ANWAR SULEHR ◽  
AYUB `ALI
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Program Design ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Direct Supervision ◽  
Suspect Identification ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: To assess the performance of Lady Health Workers (LHWs) in collection, storage & distribution of drugs andevaluate their effectiveness regarding TB suspect identification, referral, directly observing the intake of medicine, default identification andhealth education in TB-DOTS program. Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting: In district Toba Tek Singh. Period: From January to Sep2006. Materials & Methods: One hundred and Two LHWs were selected randomly and interviewed using a structured pre-tested questionnaire.Results: Among 102 LHWs, 76.5% were trained in TB-DOTS. Sixty four (62.7%) had qualification matric and above. Collection of the drugswas being performed properly by 87.3%, while 83.4% were storing the anti-TB drugs at proper places. Anti-TB drugs were being distributedto patients daily by 95.1%. Under the direct supervision of LHWs 69.6% of TB patients had completed treatment. In the areas of 58.8% LHWs,TB patients were declared cured after 8 months treatment. Defaulted TB cases were present, in the areas of 19.6% LHWs, while 12.8% of theLHWs had relapsed TB cases in their areas. Most of the LHWs (85.3%) had proper record of medicine and of the patients (84.3%). Conclusion:The experienced and TB-DOTS trained LHWs of urban areas, in the age group of 41-50 years had overall good performance. The LHWs havingqualification matric and above had better performance than the LHWs having middle qualification. TB-DOTS program in district Toba Tek Singhwas working successfully and it should be continued with some improvements and innovations.

Risk, prevalence, and impact of hospital malnutrition in a Tertiary Care Referral University Hospital: a cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuele Rinninella ◽  
Marco Cintoni ◽  
Antonino De Lorenzo ◽  
Giovanni Addolorato ◽  
Gabriele Vassallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital Malnutrition

scholarly journals Lifestyle of school going adolescents in Mumbai, India: a cross sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2284
Author(s):  
Shalaka P. Patil ◽  
Balaji Almale
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: Adolescents, as defined by World Health organization, constitute individuals in between the age group of 10 to 19 years. Children, youth and young people are the other groups which have ages which overlap with the adolescent age group. The hormonal changes at this age are responsible not only for physiological growth but also emotional and cognitive changes. Lifestyle in this age group may have lasting and, in many cases, lifelong implications. We conducted this cross-sectional study to holistically analyse lifestyle of school adolescents in Mumbai.Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in the in a tertiary care medical college. The students belonging to an English medium co-education school of a metropolitan city were included in this study on the basis of a predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A culturally acceptable questionnaire was structured in simple language and used in this study. Demographic data was asked. All questions were closed ended and requiring specific response the questionnaire was subjected to critical evaluation by experts from the field of Public Health Pediatrics, high school teachers, heads of schools, experts from Social justice and law input from the experts were incorporated in the questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using SSPE 22.0 Software.Results: A total of 538 adolescents were studied in this cross-sectional study. There were 270 boys (50.18%) and 268 (49.82%) girls with a M:F ratio of 1:0.95. Mean age of the studied cases was found to be 12.4±1.44 years. Majority of the adolescents were found to be residing in buildings (66.36%) and average family size was found to be 5.63±3.34 members Majority of the boys and girls (66.92%) were not having any knowledge about HIV/AIDS.7.06% adolescents were found to have suicidal or homicidal thoughts. 93.31% adolescents liked to come to school and 83.83% claimed to be obedient.Conclusions: This cross-sectional study highlights the fact that adolescents have a significant amount of psychosocial problems. Important amongst these included inclination towards substance abuse, suicidal or homicidal thoughts and ignorance about HIV/AIDS. Strategies to tackle these issue needs to be devised so as to tackle these problems faced by adolescents.

scholarly journals BREECH PRESENTATION

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 542-545
Author(s):  
SHAHID IRSHAD RAO ◽  
SHAZIA SIDDIQ ◽  
RABIA REHMAN
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Multiple Pregnancy ◽  
Breech Presentation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Setting

Objective: To determine the frequency of breech presentation at term. Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Department ofObstetrics and Gynaecoogy, Unit-III, Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Period: June 2010 to May 2011 Material and methods: This study was carriedout in women with the age group 0-40 years. Breech presentation at term (37-41 completed weeks). Results: The frequency of breechpresentation at term was found to be 6.2%. 91% (215) of the patients were delivered by caesarean section and 9% (20) were delivered vaginally.Placenta previa and multiple pregnancy 8.51% each, congenital anomalies 4.25% and in 16.17% of the patients, no obvious cause was found.Conclusion: It is concluded from the study that the frequency of the breech presentation at term increased.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF HBV, HCV AND HIV IN BLOOD DONORS AT LIAQUETPUR

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD AYUB KHAN ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf ◽  
ABDUL REHMAN ◽  
Azam Ali ◽  
MUHAMMAD ASHRAF ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transfusion Center ◽  
Blood Transfusion Center ◽  
Study Setting

Objective: To know the prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV.Design: Observational cross sectional study. Setting: Blood Transfusion Center Tehsil Headquarter HospitalLiaquetpur. Subjects and Methods: The data of blood donors from 2001 to 2003. Results: Total blood donors studiedwere 1426. The prevalence for hepatitis B was 5.96% (CL 4.84%-7.32%) It was 0.07% (CL <0.01% - 0.44%) for HCVand zero for HIV. The prevalence of HBV in males was 6.03% (CL 4.87%-7.45%) while 5.05% (CL 1.91%-11.63%) infemales (p=0. 6917). The prevalence in 17-20 years age group was 6.4% (CL 3.92%-10.23%), 5.81% (CL 4.6%-7.33%)in 21-40 years age group and in 41-60 years age group it was 4.35% (CL 1.33%-28.19%) [p=0.9029]. Conclusion:Hepatitis B is common, hepatitis C is an uncommon health problem while HIV is not present in this area.

scholarly journals TO DETERMINE THE ADVANTAGE OF SNODGRASS REPAIR OF CONGENITAL HYPOSPADIAS AT DIFFERENT LEVEL OF PENILE SHAFT.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (07) ◽  
pp. 1027-1031
Author(s):  
Shafaatullah . ◽  
Sadaf Iqbal ◽  
Bilal Suria
Keyword(s):  
Hormonal Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Penile Shaft ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Good Cosmetic ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Study Setting

Introduction: Hypospadias is a congenital defect with various presentations. It is diagnosed clinically. Hormonal therapy can be used but is not curative. The Snodgrass intervention is the better one to get result oriented outcomes. Objectives: To find out the advantages of Snodgrass repair in distal as well as proximal types of hypospadias. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Baqai university hospital Karachi. Period: January 2015 to December 2017. Material and Method: Total 40 male patients were included in this study. They were admitted through OPD. Age of patients was from 4 years to 22 years. Patients were prepared and Snodgrass repair was done to all patients. Results: In our study, of 40, 19 (47.5%) patients presented between age 04 to 10 years. Most common Subcoronal type was found in 16 (40%). Catheter blockage was in 4 (10%) patients that was a common complication in our study. Conclusion: To sum up, Snodgrass method is the good one with good cosmetic results and least complication rate. 

Frequency of Backache and its Management in Pregnant Women Attending IUH OPD

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3441-3443
Author(s):  
Uzma Parveen ◽  
Zahida Parveen Brohi ◽  
Aneela Sadaf
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Keywords Pregnancy ◽  
Patient Department

Objective: Frequency of backache and its treatment among pregnant women attending Isra University Hospital (IUH) OPD. Material and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Out patient’s department of obstetrics\Gynaecology Isra hospital Hyderabad from February 2019 to Augusts 2019. A total of 80 pregnant women irrespective of their age, marital and literary status, visiting out-patient department of Isra University were included. All the females were assessed regarding backache and its treatment at gynaecological OPD. All the information was recorded via study proforma. Data was analyzed via SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 180 pregnant women were studied, and most of the women 40% were in age group of 31-40 years. Out of all, 22.2% women were primigravida, 40.6% were multigravidas and 36.7% women were grand multigravidas. The history of backache before pregnancy was among 20% of the females and 62.2% of women had developed backache during pregnancy, while 12.8% women had no complaint of backache. Out of 121 females who had backache during pregnancy, 28.30% had an onset of pain during 1st trimester, in 23.30% during 2nd trimester and in 48.30% during 3rd trimester of pregnancy. Out of all 32.20% women got relieved by taking rest, 63.90% women took analgesics as a treatment measure and 3.3% women took some other treatment options. Conclusion: It was observed that the more than 60% of all pregnant women experienced backache and mostly during 3rd trimester. Most of the females took treatment in the form of analgesics and some women got relieved by taking rest. Keywords: Pregnancy, backache, Management

scholarly journals Change in hepatitis C virus positivity among needle-stick injury source patients: a 10-year experience in a Japanese tertiary hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuya Okushin ◽  
Rie Suzuki ◽  
Takeya Tsutsumi ◽  
Koh Okamoto ◽  
Kazuhiko Ikeuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Needle Stick

Abstract Background As a blood-borne pathogen, hepatitis C virus (HCV) has long been a major threat associated with needle-stick injuries (NSIs) mainly because no vaccine is available for HCV. Following an NSI, we usually test the source patient for HCV antibody (HCV-Ab). Since HCV-Ab positivity does not necessarily indicate current infection, HCV RNA is further examined in patients positive for HCV-Ab. Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have enabled us to treat most HCV-infected patients; therefore, we speculate that the rate of HCV RNA positivity among HCV-Ab-positive patients decreased after the emergence of DAAs. This cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the change in the actual HCV RNA positivity rate in source patients before and after the interferon (IFN)-free DAA era. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of NSI source patients at a tertiary academic hospital in Japan from 2009 to 2019. IFN-free DAA regimens were first introduced in Japan in 2014. Accordingly, we compared HCV status of NSI source patients that occurred between 2009 and 2014 (the era before IFN-free DAAs) with those that occurred between 2015 and 2019 (the era of IFN-free DAAs) in a tertiary care hospital in Japan. Results In total, 1435 NSIs occurred, and 150 HCV-Ab-positive patients were analyzed. The proportion of HCV RNA-positive patients significantly changed from 2009 through 2019 (p = 0.005, Cochran–Armitage test). Between 2009 and 2014, 102 source patients were HCV-Ab-positive, 78 of whom were also positive for HCV RNA (76.5%; 95%CI, 67.4–83.6%). Between 2015 and 2019, 48 patients were HCV-Ab-positive, 23 of whom were also positive for HCV RNA (47.9%; 95%CI, 34.5–61.7%; p = 0.0007 compared with 2009–2014). In the era of IFN-free DAAs, 9 of 23 HCV RNA-negative patients (39.1%) and 2 of 22 HCV RNA-positive patients (9.1%) were treated with an IFN-free combination of DAAs (p = 0.0351). Regarding the departments where NSIs occurred, HCV RNA-negative patients were predominant in departments not related to liver diseases in the era of IFN-free DAAs (p = 0.0078, compared with 2009–2014). Conclusions Actual HCV RNA positivity in source patients of NSIs decreased after the emergence of IFN-free DAAs. IFN-free DAAs might have contributed to this reduction, and HCV RNA-negative patients were predominant in departments not related to liver diseases in the era of IFN-free DAAs.

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