scholarly journals ASTHMA;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1749-1754
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdullah ◽  
Zaheer Ahmed ◽  
Hassan Fareed
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Oral Corticosteroids ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Tract Infections

The aim on the study was to compare the efficancy of salmeterol and formoterolin persistent asthama. Study Design: Randomized-Controlled-Trial(RCT). Setting: Departmentof Medicine, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad. Period: June 2014 to December 2014. Methodology:Patients of both genders with ages between 18 and 70 years having persistent bronchial asthmawhile Pregnant or lactating mothers, patients with upper or lower respiratory tract infections,acute asthma exacerbations within 4 weeks of first visit, Oral corticosteroids within 4 weeks ordepot steroids within 12 weeks of first visit and Smoking history of more than 10 pack yearswere excluded from study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups (Group A & GroupB) using computer generated random number table. Salmeterol/Fluticasone combination wasgiven to group A with a dose of 50/250μg, 2 actuations with ABEL SPACER DEVICE twice aday for a period of 24 weeks. Formoterol/Budesonide combination was given to group B with adose of 400/6μg with Rotahaler twice a day. Follow up was done by patient’s outdoor visits at6th,12th,18h and 24th week. Results: 180 patients were enrolled in the study. 79 (44%) weremales and 101 (56%) were females. Mean age of study population was 45.25+13.382 years.Patients in Group B experienced lesser number of exacerbations than patients in Group B.Group B showed better response to treatment than Group A using chi square test. (P-Value0.001). Conclusion: It has been concluded that budesonide/Formoterol is more effective incontrolling asthma symptoms than fluticasone/Salmeterol.

scholarly journals Open VS Closed Techniques for Laparoscopic Abdominal Surgeries

2021 ◽  
pp. 296-302
Author(s):  
Obaid Ul Haseeb ◽  
Haris Rashid ◽  
Afrin Ahmed ◽  
Mir Arsalan Ali ◽  
Shakil Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
P Value ◽  
Open Approach ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Closed Technique ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Classic Technique ◽  
Group B ◽  
Surgery Department

Background: Laparoscopic surgery or "minimally invasive" surgery is a type of specialist surgery. The most crucial, demanding, and risky part of the laparoscopy is the creation of pneumoperitoneum. The two most prevalent methods for creating a pneumoperitoneum are the closed and open approaches. Despite the fact that there is no universal consensus on the best approach to gain access to the peritoneal cavity in order to create a pneumoperitoneum. The aim of present study was to compare the operative time and post-operative outcome associated with closed technique and open classic technique. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was carried out by recruiting patients presented in surgery department of Ziauddin Hospital North campus. The samples were divided into two equal groups A and B. Group A was operated for Laparascopic abdominal surgery by open technique while group B operated through closed technique. Effectiveness of procedures was measured by number of complications occurred during and after surgery. Chi-square test and independent T-test were applied for association. P-value of < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Mean age was found to be 45.5±16 years and mean weight was 68±10.5 kilograms. Mean time of operations was 84.5±18.5 minutes. 60 (69.8%) of patients included underwent the laparoscopic cholecystectomy while 15 (17.4%) patients had laparoscopic appendectomy. 13/86: 15.1% of patients had the minor complication including 12/43: 27.9% in group B and 1/43: 2.3% in group A. The comparative analysis between the two groups in terms of effectiveness of either method compared by means of development of the complications was found to be highly significant with p value 0.002. Conclusion: The open approach to laparoscopic entrance has been linked to fewer surgical problems than the closed approach.

scholarly journals Comparison of Blood Loss in Manual and Spontaneous Removal of Placenta in Caesarean Section

2020 ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Sabeen Ashraf ◽  
Azra Saeed Awan ◽  
Hina Tabassum ◽  
Omair Ashraf ◽  
Touseef Fatima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Research Committee ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Efforts should be made to minimize the blood loss at the time of cesarean section. The techniques used to reduce the blood loss include finger splitting versus scissor cutting of incision, in situ stitching versus exteriorization and stitching of uterus and finally spontaneous or manual removal of the placenta. Objective: The main objective of this study is to correlate the frequency of loss of blood between the placenta removed manually and spontaneously during cesarean section. Methods: Randomized controlled trial in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi. The sample is collected through Consecutive (non- probability) sampling. The study was conducted after approval from the hospital ethical and research committee. Informed written consent was taken from all the patients. The patients were divided into two groups, group A and group B randomly by using random table numbers. Group A had spontaneous placental delivery. Group B had manual placental delivery. Each patient was examined thoroughly and detailed history was taken. Data Analysis: Data was analyzed using SPSS 20 for windows. The frequency and percentage of blood loss were measured. A chi-square test was applied to correlate the blood loss between the two groups. p values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Effect modifiers like age, gestational age, parity were controlled by stratification. Results: The blood loss was compared between both groups using the chi-square test not assuming null-hypothesis. The blood loss was comparatively high in-group in which the placenta was removed manually (p=0.007). Keywords: Caesarean Section, Placenta removal, Spontaneous, Manual, Blood loss.

Accuracy of Paper Point Technique for Final Working Length Measurement after Canal Preparation

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 3359-3362
Author(s):  
Ambrin . ◽  
Farah Tasleem ◽  
Anum Saleem ◽  
Doua Tasleem ◽  
Talha Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Length Measurement ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Paper Point ◽  
Working Length ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Electronic Apex Locator

Objective: The aim this study was to check the accuracy of paper point technique for final working length measurement after canal preparation. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial Place and Duration: Study was performed in department of operative dentistry, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro for one year duration from January 2017 to December 2017. Methodology: This study was performed on 78 patients divided equally into two groups. In one group working length was established by using electronic apex locator while in second group working length was established by using electronic apex locator with paper point technique. To check the working length master apical gutta percha point (GP point) was inserted into canal and radiograph were taken by paralleling angle technique. Results: There were 34 (43.6%) males while 44 (56.4%) patients were females. Mean age of patients was 30.5±8.9 years. Mean tooth number was 28.8±11.0. Group A is concerned that was treated only with Electronic Apex Locator showed lesser number of acceptable length than group B. on the other hand, group B was treated with electronic apex locator and paper point technique showed higher acceptable length of respondents with a difference of 4 frequencies or 7% in excess. A less value of chi-square test showed relationship between observed and expected data; whereas, significance value indicated no significant difference between group A and B. Conclusion: Paper point technique is as reliable as other techniques for final working length measurement. Key Words: Electronic Apex Locator, Paper Point Technique, Endodontic Working Length

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of chitosan and formocresol as medicaments for pulpotomy in primary molars: A clinical pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
Nihal R Kothari ◽  
S K Srinath ◽  
Sulakshana S ◽  
Aswathy T ◽  
Padmapriya S
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Clinical Success Rate ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Primary Molars ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Aim: To compare the clinical and radiographic effectiveness of chitosan and formocresol as pulpotomy medicaments in primary molars. Methods: Children of age 4-8 years old, who were physically and mentally healthy without any known medical history of systemic conditions contraindicating pulp therapy with at least one deep carious primary molars indicated for pulpotomy, were recruited. Pulpotomies were performed on 64 teeth divided into 2 groups, Group A (chitosan) and Group B (formocresol), followed by stainless steel crowns. Evaluation of clinical and radiological success was done at 1, 3 and 6 months follow up. Chi Square Test was used to compare the clinical and radiological parameters between study groups at different time intervals (p < 0.05) Results: Clinical success rate in both groups was 96.6% and radiographic success rate in chitosan was 96.6%, but formocresol was 89.6%. Conclusions: Chitosan was found to be an effective medicament for pulpotomy in primary molars. While chitosan also showed improved success rate compared to formocresol, it was not statistically significant.

scholarly journals Comparison of Ovulation Induction with Letrozole with Metformin Versus Letrozole Alone in Females Presenting with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Esculapio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4 (oct 2020 - dec 2020)) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zubda Aiman ◽  
Amna Khanam ◽  
Mahliqa Maqsood ◽  
Mehwish ayyaz ◽  
Miss Alia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovulation Induction ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Induction Rate ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Objective: To compare the frequency of Ovulation Induction after administration of Letrozole with metformin versus Letrozole alone in females presenting with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Methods: This Randomized Controlled Trial was done in unit 5 of Lady Aitchison Hospital Lahore for 6 months. Total 200 females fulfilling the inclusion criteria were recruited from OPD. Lottery method was used for randomization of study subjects. Females in group A were given Letrozole 2.5mg once a day for five days (from third to seventh day)of the cycle for three consecutive months and metformin 1500mg (500mg 3 times a day) daily for three months, while females in group B were given Letrozole 2.5mg once a day for five days (from third to seventh day) le for three consecutive months. Then they were followed up in OPD for 3 cycles. In all 3 cycles TVS was done on day 12 to access the number of follicles and to measure the size of largest follicle, and on day 21 of cycle progesterone level will be assessed for confirmation of ovulation induction. The data was entered and analyzed through SPSS version 20. Mean and standard deviation was calculated for age and BMI. Frequency and percentage was calculated for Ovulation induction. Both groups were compared by using chi-square test taking p-value<0.05 as significant. Data was stratified for BMI (Normal, overweight and Obese).After stratification chi-square test was applied keeping a p value < 0.05 as significant. Results: In Group-A mean age of women was 28.18±6.58 years. In Group-B mean age of women was 27.08±5.15 years. In Group-A ovulation induction rate was much higher as compared to that of Group-B women. i.e. (89% vs. 60%). p-value=0.000. Ovulation induction rate was significantly higher with Letrozole+ Metformin in women who were having normal BMI, overweight & obese as compared to that of Letrozole alone. Conclusion: Letrozole with metformin is more effective for the ovulation Induction females presenting with polycystic ovarian Syndrome as compared to letrozole alone.() Key Words: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Management, Ovulation Induction, Letrozole, Metformin How to Cite: Aiman Z, Khanam A, Maqsood M, Ayyaz M, Alia, Kanwal K. Comparison of ovulation induction with letrozole with metformin versus letrozole alone in females presenting with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Esculapio.2020;16(04):54-58.

scholarly journals PARA UMBILICAL HERNIAS

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (01) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kalim ◽  
Saeed Khan ◽  
Asad Ali ◽  
Rafi Ullah ◽  
Mazhar Khan
Keyword(s):  
Mesh Repair ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mild Pain ◽  
Surgical Department ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Repair Group

Background: Para-umbilical hernias are the common hernias among ventralabdominal hernias constituting about 85% of the overall abdominal wall hernias. Due to theirhigh risk of complications, adult paraumbilical hernias needs surgical repair. Objectives: Tocompare effectiveness of mesh versus mayo’s repair of para umbilical hernias in terms of postoperativepain. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Surgical Department,Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. Period: 12 months. Materials and Methods: A totalof 162 patients with paraumblical hernia were repaired. They were equally divided into 2 groupswith mesh repair (group A) and Mayo’s repair (Group B). The intervention effectiveness of meshversus mayo’s repair of para umbilical hernias was measured in terms of post-operative painby Visual Analogue Scale at the end of 3rd month. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version17. Chi Square Test was used p Value < 0.05 was significant. All the results were presentedin the form of tables and charts. Results: Mean age in (Mesh repair) was 30 years ± 2.1SDwhereas mean age in (Mayos repair) was 28 years ± 1.71SD. In Group A (Mesh repair), 73(90%)patients had mild pain (VAS 0-3), 8(10%) patients had moderate pain (VAS 4-6). In Group B(Mayos repair), 63(78%) patients had mild pain (VAS 0-3), 16(20%) patients had moderate painscore (VAS 4-6), 2(2%) patients had severe pain score (VAS 7-10). Mesh repair was effective in73(90%) patients whereas Mayos repair was effective in 63 (78%) patients. Conclusion: Meshrepair is more effective in terms of post-operative pain than Mayos repair.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Ketoconazole 400 mg Single Dose Versus Ketoconazole 200 mg Daily for Five Days in Pityriasis Versicolor

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Harendra Kumar Jha ◽  
Tapan Kumar Dhali ◽  
Ritu Amatya
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Pityriasis Versicolor ◽  
Mycological Cure ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Introduction: Many treatments have been attempted in pityriasis versicolor with different reports of success. No direct comparative study between Ketoconazole 400 mg single dose against Ketoconazole 200 mg od for 5 days have been made earlier. The aim of this study was to study and compare the therapeutic efficacy of oral ketoconazole 400 mg single dose with oral ketoconazole 200 mg once daily for 5 days in pityriasis versicolor. Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial. Patients were randomized to receive either ketoconazole 400 mg single dose (group A) or ketoconazole 200 mg daily for 5 days (group B). Altogether 80 patients were taken, 40 in each group. Patients were assessed after 8 weeks and both clinical and mycological evaluation was done. The treatment success (mycological cure) was defined by a negative KOH at 8 weeks post treatment. Chi-square test was used to identify the significance of the variables. Results: The mycological cure at 8 weeks was 46% in group A and 74% in group B and the result was significant. No significant adverse event was noted in any of the groups. Conclusions: There was significant difference in the treatment outcome in both the groups. Ketoconazole 200 mg daily for 5 days had superior efficacy than ketoconazole 400 mg single dose. There was no significant difference in the adverse events.   Key words: Ketoconazole, Pityriasis versicolor

Resorbable Collagen Barrier Impeding the Extrusion of Obturating Material in Primary Molars Undergoing Resorption – A Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 312-316
Author(s):  
Mishra Neha Sanjeev ◽  
Harsimran Kaur ◽  
Sandeep Singh Mayall ◽  
Rishika ◽  
Ramakrishna Yeluri
Keyword(s):  
Test Group ◽  
Primary Molars ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
And Control

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of placing a resorbable collagen barrier in impeding the extrusion of obturation material in primary molars undergoing resorption. Study design: All the 94 canals in 47 mandibular molars were allocated to 2 groups- Group ‘A’- 47 canals with collagen barrier (Test group) and Group ‘B’- 47 canals without collagen barrier (Control group) based on randomization protocol. Pulpectomy was performed and obturation of both test and control canals were radiographically assessed. Pearson’s chi – square test was applied to analyze the results. The significance level was predetermined at p &lt; 0.05. Results: Among the test group, 93.6% of the canals showed no extrusion while, 6.4% showed visible extrusion of the material outside the apex. In the control group, 83% showed no extrusion whereas 17% of the canals showed visible extrusion outside the apex. But no significant difference was noted (p&gt;0.05). Conclusion: The placement of resorbable collagen barrier in the apical third of the canal prevented the extrusion of obturating material beyond the apex in resorbing primary molars.

scholarly journals Effect of Intravenous Phloroglucinol Injections upon duration of Active First Stage of Labor

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-71
Author(s):  
Bilqees Akhtar Malik ◽  
Ambreen Shabbir ◽  
Zeb-Un-Nisa ◽  
Asma Ambreen
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Uterine Contractions ◽  
Multiparous Women ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
First Stage Of Labor

Objective: In our part of the world poverty and illiteracy has adversely affected our core objective of pregnancy i.e. healthy mother and healthy child. Exploring the role of a routinely used drug in reducing the duration of labor could be a breakthrough. Present study was planned accordingly to evaluate the effect of phloroglucinol (PHL). Materials and Methods: It was a Randomized controlled trial conducted at Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Combined Military Hospital, Bahawalpur from January 2019 to June 2019. This study included 60 cases of age 18 to 40 years, having singleton pregnancy and in active first stage of uncomplicated labor. Patients with history of multiple pregnancies, obstetrical and surgical complications and cardiorespiratory diseases were excluded. The cases were placed randomly into Group A & Group B and given intravenous PHL and a placebo respectively. After this, duration of the first stage of labor was recorded in minutes from when there was 3-4 cm cervical dilatation with regular uterine contractions to complete cervical dilation i.e. 10 cm and descent of the presenting fetal part. Results: Mean duration of active first stage of labor in experimental group A (230.20 ± 52.96 minutes) was significantly higher than that of control group B (345.30 ± 50.57 minutes). Conclusion: This study concluded that intravenous PHL has efficiently reduced the duration of active first stage of labor in these randomly selected nulliparous and multiparous women. PHL is a useful drug serving the purpose of a spasmolytic, analgesic and labor augmentation at the same time.

scholarly journals Comparison of efficacy of internal sphincterotomy versus topical 0.2 % glyceryl trinitrate ointment after hemorrhoidectomy.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 2541-2547
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arif ◽  
Sabih Nofal ◽  
Ahsan Khan ◽  
Mariam Tariq Awana ◽  
Anum Arif
Keyword(s):  
Glyceryl Trinitrate ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Internal Sphincterotomy ◽  
Open Hemorrhoidectomy ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Glyceryl Trinitrate Ointment

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of 0.2% glyceryl trinitrate ointment versus internal sphincterotomy after hemorrhoidectomy. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Setting: Department of Surgery Unit III, at Lahore General Hospital, Lahore. Period: 6 months (August 2017 to February 2018). Material & Methods: The OPD of the Department of Surgery included 124 patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria. There were two groups of patients, Group A and Group B. Group-A was told to use gloved finger three times daily for 0.2 percent GTN ointment topically. For Group B, lateral internal sphincterotomy was performed as day care procedure. On visit, patients were assessed for pain relief by using VAS. All data was collected using a pre-designed (attached) proforma. In SPSS v23.0 the data were input and analyzed. It was stratified for age, sex, disease duration and hemorrhoid stage. The effectiveness of both groups was compared by using a p-value of 0.05 as significant for a chi-square test. Results: Male predominance; in group-A, 41(66.1%) patients were male and 21(33.9%) were female, while in group-B, 52(83.9%) patients were male and 10(16.1%) were females. Efficacy was found in 11(17.7%) patients in group-A (0.2% GTN) while in 25(40.3%) patients in group-B (Internal sphincterotomy) with p-value of 0.006 which is statistically significant. Conclusion: Open hemorrhoidectomy internal sphincterotomy is an effective method to reduce pain after hemorrhoidectomy in contrast to Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN) topical cream of 0.2 percent.

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