Open VS Closed Techniques for Laparoscopic Abdominal Surgeries

Background: Laparoscopic surgery or "minimally invasive" surgery is a type of specialist surgery. The most crucial, demanding, and risky part of the laparoscopy is the creation of pneumoperitoneum. The two most prevalent methods for creating a pneumoperitoneum are the closed and open approaches. Despite the fact that there is no universal consensus on the best approach to gain access to the peritoneal cavity in order to create a pneumoperitoneum. The aim of present study was to compare the operative time and post-operative outcome associated with closed technique and open classic technique. Methods: This randomized controlled trial was carried out by recruiting patients presented in surgery department of Ziauddin Hospital North campus. The samples were divided into two equal groups A and B. Group A was operated for Laparascopic abdominal surgery by open technique while group B operated through closed technique. Effectiveness of procedures was measured by number of complications occurred during and after surgery. Chi-square test and independent T-test were applied for association. P-value of < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Mean age was found to be 45.5±16 years and mean weight was 68±10.5 kilograms. Mean time of operations was 84.5±18.5 minutes. 60 (69.8%) of patients included underwent the laparoscopic cholecystectomy while 15 (17.4%) patients had laparoscopic appendectomy. 13/86: 15.1% of patients had the minor complication including 12/43: 27.9% in group B and 1/43: 2.3% in group A. The comparative analysis between the two groups in terms of effectiveness of either method compared by means of development of the complications was found to be highly significant with p value 0.002. Conclusion: The open approach to laparoscopic entrance has been linked to fewer surgical problems than the closed approach.

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Comparison of Ovulation Induction with Letrozole with Metformin Versus Letrozole Alone in Females Presenting with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Esculapio ◽

10.51273/esc20.2516412 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (4 (oct 2020 - dec 2020)) ◽

Author(s):

Zubda Aiman ◽

Amna Khanam ◽

Mahliqa Maqsood ◽

Mehwish ayyaz ◽

Miss Alia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ovulation Induction ◽

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Induction Rate ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Ovarian Syndrome

Objective: To compare the frequency of Ovulation Induction after administration of Letrozole with metformin versus Letrozole alone in females presenting with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Methods: This Randomized Controlled Trial was done in unit 5 of Lady Aitchison Hospital Lahore for 6 months. Total 200 females fulfilling the inclusion criteria were recruited from OPD. Lottery method was used for randomization of study subjects. Females in group A were given Letrozole 2.5mg once a day for five days (from third to seventh day)of the cycle for three consecutive months and metformin 1500mg (500mg 3 times a day) daily for three months, while females in group B were given Letrozole 2.5mg once a day for five days (from third to seventh day) le for three consecutive months. Then they were followed up in OPD for 3 cycles. In all 3 cycles TVS was done on day 12 to access the number of follicles and to measure the size of largest follicle, and on day 21 of cycle progesterone level will be assessed for confirmation of ovulation induction. The data was entered and analyzed through SPSS version 20. Mean and standard deviation was calculated for age and BMI. Frequency and percentage was calculated for Ovulation induction. Both groups were compared by using chi-square test taking p-value<0.05 as significant. Data was stratified for BMI (Normal, overweight and Obese).After stratification chi-square test was applied keeping a p value < 0.05 as significant. Results: In Group-A mean age of women was 28.18±6.58 years. In Group-B mean age of women was 27.08±5.15 years. In Group-A ovulation induction rate was much higher as compared to that of Group-B women. i.e. (89% vs. 60%). p-value=0.000. Ovulation induction rate was significantly higher with Letrozole+ Metformin in women who were having normal BMI, overweight & obese as compared to that of Letrozole alone. Conclusion: Letrozole with metformin is more effective for the ovulation Induction females presenting with polycystic ovarian Syndrome as compared to letrozole alone.() Key Words: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Management, Ovulation Induction, Letrozole, Metformin How to Cite: Aiman Z, Khanam A, Maqsood M, Ayyaz M, Alia, Kanwal K. Comparison of ovulation induction with letrozole with metformin versus letrozole alone in females presenting with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Esculapio.2020;16(04):54-58.

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PARA UMBILICAL HERNIAS

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2018.25.01.531 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (01) ◽

pp. 21-25

Author(s):

Muhammad Kalim ◽

Saeed Khan ◽

Asad Ali ◽

Rafi Ullah ◽

Mazhar Khan

Keyword(s):

Mesh Repair ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Mild Pain ◽

Surgical Department ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Repair Group

Background: Para-umbilical hernias are the common hernias among ventralabdominal hernias constituting about 85% of the overall abdominal wall hernias. Due to theirhigh risk of complications, adult paraumbilical hernias needs surgical repair. Objectives: Tocompare effectiveness of mesh versus mayo’s repair of para umbilical hernias in terms of postoperativepain. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Surgical Department,Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. Period: 12 months. Materials and Methods: A totalof 162 patients with paraumblical hernia were repaired. They were equally divided into 2 groupswith mesh repair (group A) and Mayo’s repair (Group B). The intervention effectiveness of meshversus mayo’s repair of para umbilical hernias was measured in terms of post-operative painby Visual Analogue Scale at the end of 3rd month. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version17. Chi Square Test was used p Value < 0.05 was significant. All the results were presentedin the form of tables and charts. Results: Mean age in (Mesh repair) was 30 years ± 2.1SDwhereas mean age in (Mayos repair) was 28 years ± 1.71SD. In Group A (Mesh repair), 73(90%)patients had mild pain (VAS 0-3), 8(10%) patients had moderate pain (VAS 4-6). In Group B(Mayos repair), 63(78%) patients had mild pain (VAS 0-3), 16(20%) patients had moderate painscore (VAS 4-6), 2(2%) patients had severe pain score (VAS 7-10). Mesh repair was effective in73(90%) patients whereas Mayos repair was effective in 63 (78%) patients. Conclusion: Meshrepair is more effective in terms of post-operative pain than Mayos repair.

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Comparison of efficacy of internal sphincterotomy versus topical 0.2 % glyceryl trinitrate ointment after hemorrhoidectomy.

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2020.27.12.4728 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (12) ◽

pp. 2541-2547

Author(s):

Muhammad Arif ◽

Sabih Nofal ◽

Ahsan Khan ◽

Mariam Tariq Awana ◽

Anum Arif

Keyword(s):

Glyceryl Trinitrate ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Male Predominance ◽

Internal Sphincterotomy ◽

Open Hemorrhoidectomy ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Glyceryl Trinitrate Ointment

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of 0.2% glyceryl trinitrate ointment versus internal sphincterotomy after hemorrhoidectomy. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Setting: Department of Surgery Unit III, at Lahore General Hospital, Lahore. Period: 6 months (August 2017 to February 2018). Material & Methods: The OPD of the Department of Surgery included 124 patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria. There were two groups of patients, Group A and Group B. Group-A was told to use gloved finger three times daily for 0.2 percent GTN ointment topically. For Group B, lateral internal sphincterotomy was performed as day care procedure. On visit, patients were assessed for pain relief by using VAS. All data was collected using a pre-designed (attached) proforma. In SPSS v23.0 the data were input and analyzed. It was stratified for age, sex, disease duration and hemorrhoid stage. The effectiveness of both groups was compared by using a p-value of 0.05 as significant for a chi-square test. Results: Male predominance; in group-A, 41(66.1%) patients were male and 21(33.9%) were female, while in group-B, 52(83.9%) patients were male and 10(16.1%) were females. Efficacy was found in 11(17.7%) patients in group-A (0.2% GTN) while in 25(40.3%) patients in group-B (Internal sphincterotomy) with p-value of 0.006 which is statistically significant. Conclusion: Open hemorrhoidectomy internal sphincterotomy is an effective method to reduce pain after hemorrhoidectomy in contrast to Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN) topical cream of 0.2 percent.

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Combination Therapy Of Tadalafil And Pentoxifylline In Severe Erectile Dysfunction; A Prospective Randomized Trial

Polish Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1515/pjs-2015-0075 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 87 (8) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Santosh Kumar ◽

Rajesh Roat ◽

Swati Agrawal ◽

Kumar Jayant ◽

Ravimohan S. Mavuduru ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Erectile Dysfunction ◽

Combination Therapy ◽

Erectile Function ◽

T Test ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Abstractwas to assess efficacy of Tadalafil alone versus Tadalafil plus Pentoxifylline in the treatment of erectile dysfunction by using self administered IIEF-5 questionnaire.Two hundred and thirty seven patients presenting with ED at andrology OPD were evaluated for ED by a self administered IIEF (International Index of Erectile Function) questionnaire. Patients were systematically randomized by computer generated random table into two groups groups namely, group A: Tadalafil only group, group B: combination of Tadalafil + Pentoxifyl-line. All the patients were re-assessed by IIEF-5 questionnaire after 8 weeks of medical therapy. Statistical analysis was performed using student’s unpaired t-test, paired t-test, chi square test. p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Two hundred and thirty seven patients were included in the present study, in group A: 92 patients (78.6%) showed improvement in their IIEF score after 8 weeks of tadalafil treatment. While in group B, overall 104 patients(86.6%) showed improvement after combination of Tadalafil and Pentoxifylline. There was a statistically significant difference of percentage change in IIEF score was seen in group B (group A 90.7±15.2%, group B 95.6±13.4%; p value – 0.014). We found this difference even more statistically significant in patients with severe ED (group A 72.7±47.2%, group B 132.3±54.3%; p value – 0.000). There was no significant difference in between the two groups with regards to occur-rence of side effects.Both tadalafil and combination of Tadalafil + Pentoxifylline improve erectile function in patients of ED. Patients with severe ED showed much significant improvement in erectile function with combination therapy.

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ASTHMA;

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.11.674 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (11) ◽

pp. 1749-1754

Author(s):

Muhammad Abdullah ◽

Zaheer Ahmed ◽

Hassan Fareed

Keyword(s):

Controlled Trial ◽

Response To Treatment ◽

Smoking History ◽

Chi Square ◽

Oral Corticosteroids ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

History Of ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Tract Infections

The aim on the study was to compare the efficancy of salmeterol and formoterolin persistent asthama. Study Design: Randomized-Controlled-Trial(RCT). Setting: Departmentof Medicine, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad. Period: June 2014 to December 2014. Methodology:Patients of both genders with ages between 18 and 70 years having persistent bronchial asthmawhile Pregnant or lactating mothers, patients with upper or lower respiratory tract infections,acute asthma exacerbations within 4 weeks of first visit, Oral corticosteroids within 4 weeks ordepot steroids within 12 weeks of first visit and Smoking history of more than 10 pack yearswere excluded from study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups (Group A & GroupB) using computer generated random number table. Salmeterol/Fluticasone combination wasgiven to group A with a dose of 50/250μg, 2 actuations with ABEL SPACER DEVICE twice aday for a period of 24 weeks. Formoterol/Budesonide combination was given to group B with adose of 400/6μg with Rotahaler twice a day. Follow up was done by patient’s outdoor visits at6th,12th,18h and 24th week. Results: 180 patients were enrolled in the study. 79 (44%) weremales and 101 (56%) were females. Mean age of study population was 45.25+13.382 years.Patients in Group B experienced lesser number of exacerbations than patients in Group B.Group B showed better response to treatment than Group A using chi square test. (P-Value0.001). Conclusion: It has been concluded that budesonide/Formoterol is more effective incontrolling asthma symptoms than fluticasone/Salmeterol.

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Comparison of Blood Loss in Manual and Spontaneous Removal of Placenta in Caesarean Section

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College ◽

10.37939/jrmc/vol24.iss1.16 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 80-84

Author(s):

Sabeen Ashraf ◽

Azra Saeed Awan ◽

Hina Tabassum ◽

Omair Ashraf ◽

Touseef Fatima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Caesarean Section ◽

Blood Loss ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Analysis Data ◽

Research Committee ◽

Chi Square ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Background: Efforts should be made to minimize the blood loss at the time of cesarean section. The techniques used to reduce the blood loss include finger splitting versus scissor cutting of incision, in situ stitching versus exteriorization and stitching of uterus and finally spontaneous or manual removal of the placenta. Objective: The main objective of this study is to correlate the frequency of loss of blood between the placenta removed manually and spontaneously during cesarean section. Methods: Randomized controlled trial in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi. The sample is collected through Consecutive (non- probability) sampling. The study was conducted after approval from the hospital ethical and research committee. Informed written consent was taken from all the patients. The patients were divided into two groups, group A and group B randomly by using random table numbers. Group A had spontaneous placental delivery. Group B had manual placental delivery. Each patient was examined thoroughly and detailed history was taken. Data Analysis: Data was analyzed using SPSS 20 for windows. The frequency and percentage of blood loss were measured. A chi-square test was applied to correlate the blood loss between the two groups. p values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Effect modifiers like age, gestational age, parity were controlled by stratification. Results: The blood loss was compared between both groups using the chi-square test not assuming null-hypothesis. The blood loss was comparatively high in-group in which the placenta was removed manually (p=0.007). Keywords: Caesarean Section, Placenta removal, Spontaneous, Manual, Blood loss.

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Accuracy of Paper Point Technique for Final Working Length Measurement after Canal Preparation

10.53350/pjmhs2115103359 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 3359-3362

Author(s):

Ambrin . ◽

Farah Tasleem ◽

Anum Saleem ◽

Doua Tasleem ◽

Talha Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Controlled Trial ◽

Length Measurement ◽

Chi Square ◽

Paper Point ◽

Working Length ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Electronic Apex Locator

Objective: The aim this study was to check the accuracy of paper point technique for final working length measurement after canal preparation. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial Place and Duration: Study was performed in department of operative dentistry, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro for one year duration from January 2017 to December 2017. Methodology: This study was performed on 78 patients divided equally into two groups. In one group working length was established by using electronic apex locator while in second group working length was established by using electronic apex locator with paper point technique. To check the working length master apical gutta percha point (GP point) was inserted into canal and radiograph were taken by paralleling angle technique. Results: There were 34 (43.6%) males while 44 (56.4%) patients were females. Mean age of patients was 30.5±8.9 years. Mean tooth number was 28.8±11.0. Group A is concerned that was treated only with Electronic Apex Locator showed lesser number of acceptable length than group B. on the other hand, group B was treated with electronic apex locator and paper point technique showed higher acceptable length of respondents with a difference of 4 frequencies or 7% in excess. A less value of chi-square test showed relationship between observed and expected data; whereas, significance value indicated no significant difference between group A and B. Conclusion: Paper point technique is as reliable as other techniques for final working length measurement. Key Words: Electronic Apex Locator, Paper Point Technique, Endodontic Working Length

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Perbandingan Insidensi Hipotensi Saat Induksi Intravena Propofol 2 Mg/Kg Bb Pada Posisi Supine dengan Perlakuan dan Tanpa Perlakuan Elevasi Tungkai

Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas ◽

10.25077/jka.v5i1.476 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Beni Indra ◽

Untung Widodo ◽

Yunita Widyastuti

Keyword(s):

Randomized Control Trial ◽

Elective Surgery ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Parametric Data ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Group A ◽

Randomized Control ◽

American Society ◽

Group B

Abstrak Penggunaan Propofol untuk induksi pada general anestesi dapat menyebabkan hipotensi akibat vasodilatasi arteri dan vena terutama vena kapasitan ditungkai. Manuver elevasi tungkai dapat mempertahankan stabilitas hemodinamik dengan meningkatkan aliran balik vena ke jantung dan mengurangi penumpukan darah di vena kapasitan tungkai. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan menggunakan cara Open Randomized Control Trial. Subyek penelitian adalah 184 sampel pasien dewasa ASA I-II yang menjalani operasi elektif dengan menggunakan general anestesi dengan induksi propofol. Kelompok sampel penelitian dibagi dalam dua kelompok masing-masing berjumlah 92 orang. Setelah prabeban cairan RL 10 cc/kgbb dan pemberian fentanyl 2 mcg/kgbb dan midazolam 0,05 mg/kgbb maka kelompok A dilakukan elevasi tungkai 45º satu menit sebelum induksi propofol dan dipertahankan sampai penelitian selesai. Sedangkan kelompok B tidak dilakukan elevasi tungkai. Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisa dengan uji t tes. Untuk data proporsi dilakukan analisa dengan tes chi-square. Dari data demografi tidak didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik (p>0,05) antara kedua kelompok penelitian kecuali untuk BMI (p<0,05). Insidensi hipotensi menit pertama pasca induksi propofol pada kelompok A (elevasi tungkai) secara signifikan lebih rendah (12%) dibanding kelompok kontrol B (27,2%) (p=0,016; p < 0,05). Pada menit ketiga pasca induksi juga didapatkan insidensi hipotensi kelompok A (15,2%) signifikan lebih rendah dibanding kelompok B (23,9%) (p= 0,014; p < 0,05). Elevasi tungkai 45 derajat efektif dalam menurunkan insidensi hipotensi pasca induksi propofol. Kata kunci: propofol, hipotensi, elevasi tungkai AbstractThe induction of general anaesthesia with propofol may induce of considerable degree of hypotension that has been atributed to decrease in systemic vascular resistance caused by combination of venous and arterial vasodilatation. It will produce a shifting of blood to venous reservoir, especially capacitance venule of legs. Leg elevation can provide hemodynamic stability by increases cardiac preload and recruits blood contained in the venous reservoir. This is Open Randomized Control Trial include 184 elective surgery patients with American Society of Anaesthesiologist (ASA) physical status I and II. Anesthesia was induced with propofol. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups with 92 patients in each. All the patients received Ringer’s Lactate (10 ml/kg) and premedicated with fentanyl (2 mcg/kg) and midazolam (0,05 mg/kg) before induction of anesthesia. Group A was performed passive leg raising 45 degree 1 minute before injection of propofol until the end of study and group B (control) did not receive any maneuver. Parametric data were analyzed with t-test and categorical data was done by using Chi-square test. A p value of less than 0,05 was consider significant. Demografic characteristics (age, sex, body weight and height) and baseline haemodynamic parameters of the patients were similar in two groups (p > 0.05) except for BMI (p < 0.05) . The incidence of hypotension was significantly lower in group A (12 %, ) than group B (27,2%) at the first minute after propofol injection, p value = 0.016 (p < 0,05). In the third minute, incidence of hypotension was also significantly lower in group A (15,2%) than group B (23,9%), p value = 0,014 (p < 0,05). Leg elevation maneuver 45º significantly decrease incidence of hypotension after propofol induction. Keywords: Propofol, hypotension, leg elevation

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2ND TRIMESTER PREGNANCY

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2018.25.04.350 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (04) ◽

pp. 577-581

Author(s):

Sobia Tabassum ◽

Arshia Sabir ◽

Hafiz Muhammad Anwar ul Haq ◽

Hafiz Muhammad Ejaz ul Haq

Keyword(s):

Sampling Technique ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Prostaglandin F2a ◽

Oxytocin Infusion ◽

Successful Induction ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Group A ◽

Test Of Significance ◽

Group B

Objectives: To compare the effectiveness of prostaglandin F2á by extra amnioticroute and I/V oxytocin infusion for induction of labor in 24 hours. Study Design: This wasa randomized control study. Place and Duration of the Study: This study was conductedat the department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Civil Hospital, Bahawalpur from March 2017to October 2017. Materials and Methods: A total number of 104 patients (52 given PGF2áand 52 increasing infusion rate of I/V oxytocin) between 13 to 26 weeks of gestation wereenrolled using non-probability purposive sampling technique. Two groups ‘A’ and ‘B’ wereformed having patients of comparable age, parity and gestational age to minimize the effectof confounders. Both the groups were compared for induction delivery interval (hours), andcomplications. Chi square test was used as test of significance and any value <0.05 was takenas statistically significant. Results: The ages of patients ranged from 16-45 years (28.93 + 8years). Gestational ages were between 13-26 weeks (mean 16.48 + 6.43 weeks). The parityranged from 0-9 (mean 3.9 + 2.87). Missed abortion was the major reason for TOP, seen in 71(68.3%). In Gorup-A, all patients aborted / delivered within 28 hours from the start of the infusionso got successful induction in 100% patients whereas 5 (9.6%) patients failed in Group B. InGroup A, successful induction of delivery was done in significantly less interval (11.27+6.2hours) as compared to Group B (18.4+10.8 hours) with a statistically significant p value of0.016.There were 3 (5.8%) patients in Group A and 10 (19.2%) in Group B who developed oneor more complications and this difference turned out to be statistically significant (p=0.038).No major complications developed in any of the groups. Conclusion: Extra amniotic PGF2á ismore effective than I/V Oxytocin for termination of pregnancy.

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The outcome of the Trendelenburg procedure with stripping vs. no stripping in the management of varicose veins

Journal of Fatima Jinnah Medical University ◽

10.37018/wdid8444 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (03) ◽

pp. 110-113

Author(s):

Jibran Mohsin ◽

Muhammad Haris Janjua ◽

Jumana Fatima ◽

Muhammad Usman Siddique ◽

Muhammad Yasir Naseem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Recurrence Rate ◽

Saphenous Vein ◽

Great Saphenous Vein ◽

Varicose Veins ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Treatment Options ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Background: Varicose veins is a common problem in Pakistan with multiple treatment options. One of its recommended and commonly performed surgical treatment includes the flush ligation of Saphenofemoral junction (Trendelenburg procedure) with stripping of great saphenous vein and avulsion of varicosities which is a cumbersome process. This study aims to evaluate the effect of stripping of great saphenous vein on the recurrence rate. Patients and methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in the Surgical Unit I, Services Hospital, Lahore over a period of 22 months from 20-09-2016 to 20-07-2018. Seventy patients were divided equally into two groups of 35 patients each i.e. Trendelenbrug procedure and avulsion of varicosities with stripping down to the knee, (Group A) versus Trendelenbrug procedure and avulsion of varicosities without stripping (Group B). Recurrence at 12 weeks was noted. SPSS version 17.0 was used to analyze data. Comparison of recurrence and stratified confounding factors such as age, gender, and BMI were assessed by the chi-square test (significant p-valve ≤0.05). Results: In group A, 32 out of 35 patients were male (91.43%) and 3 (8.57%) were female. While in group B, 31 out of 35 patients were male (88.87%) and 4 (11.43%) were female. Four out of 35 (11.43%) patients in group A whereas 6 (17.14%) group B patients (p-value=0.494) had a recurrence in the perforators below the knee at 12 weeks. Stratification (p-values) of recurrence rate with respect to age (<40 years: 0.41 versus ≥ 40 years:0.905), gender (female: p-value not applicable versus male: 0.96) and BMI was done (<25 kg/m2: 0.36 versus ≥ 25 kg/m2: 0.901) Conclusions: Stripping does not significantly affect the outcome of varicose vein surgery in relation to the recurrence rate at 12 weeks and recurrence was independent of age, gender, and BMI of patients.

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