In-line oblique transducer approach for ultrasound guided cannulation of internal jugular vein.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (03) ◽  
pp. 428-433
Author(s):  
Ehsan Ahmad ◽  
Liaqat Ali ◽  
Khalid Bashir ◽  
Maryam Inayat ◽  
Ayesha Asad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Successful Cannulation ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Successful Technique ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Male To Female

Objective: To determine the frequency of successful cannulation of ultrasound assisted inline oblique transducer approach for internal jugular venous cannulation. Study Design: Descriptive Case Series. Setting: Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Hameed Latif Hospital, Lahore. Period: 22-02-2017 to 22-08-2017. Material & Methods: In this study the cases were included of both gender and age between 18 to 65 years. Jugular vein was visualized ultrasonographically in an oblique axis and the needle was inserted in the same plane, aligned with the longitudinal axis of the transducer. Success rate was noted. Results: The mean age of patients was 49.94±10.90 years, male to female ratio of the patients was 1.9:1. In this study the successful cannulation was observed in 145/155 (93.55%) patients. Conclusion: It has been observed in this study that the ultrasound assisted inline oblique transducer approach is successful technique for IJV cannulation.

scholarly journals Diaphragmatic Hernia with Atypical Presentation - A Case Series

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
SMA Shahid ◽  
MN Ali ◽  
M Ahmed ◽  
SS Islam ◽  
SB Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽  
Case Series ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Challenging Situation ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Diaphragmatic Hernias

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia is one of the most challenging diagnosis faced by pediatric surgeons. From the time of its first anatomic description more than 300 years ago, CDH has carried a high mortality rate. We aimed to review patients who presented with hernia of diaphragm during the last six months. In this retrospective study, the medical records of three patients treated for diaphragmatic hernias who were admitted to Rajshahi Medical College Hospital between July 2012 and December 2012 were analyzed. Three patients with age of 45 days to 7 years were included in the study. Male to female ratio was 1:2. All patients had left-sided diaphragmatic hernia. Chest X-ray was obtained from all patients which was diagnostic. One patient needed thoracotomy incision. No patient required mesh repair. The mean hospitalization time was 14 days. There was no postoperative death. Diaphragmatic hernia is an uncommon and challenging situation for the surgeon. Prompt diagnosis and treatment prevent serious morbidity and mortality associated with complications such as gangrene and perforation of herniated organ. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v32i1.21050 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2014; 32: 45-50

scholarly journals Outcome of Lateral tarsal strip (LTS) procedure in the correction of eyelid malposition

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Syeed Mehbub Ul Kadir ◽  
Md. Feroz Khan ◽  
Md. Abul Kalam Azad ◽  
Md. Ismail Hossain ◽  
Narayan Chandra Bhowmik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Lower Eyelid ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Involutional Entropion ◽  
Eyelid Malposition ◽  
Lateral Tarsal Strip ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Male To Female

To analysis the effectiveness of lateral tarsal strip for the surgical repair of the marginal malpositions of the lower eyelid. A retrospective, consecutive case series of patients who underwent lateral tarsal strip (LTS) procedure for all types of involutional lower eyelid malposition (entropion and ectropion) and paralytic ectropion, at one tertiary eye centre of Dhaka, Bangladesh, between January 2013 and December 2017. All records were evaluated to determine the indications, management strategies, surgical outcome and postoperative complications. A total of 46 lower eyelids marginal malposition’s of 41 patients were studied in this study and lateral tarsal strip 9LTS) procedure was used to repair the involutional entropion (52%), involutional ectropion (35%), and paralytic ectropion (13%) of the lower eyelid. The male to female ratio was 2:1. The mean age was 61.34 years with 26 years to 85 years age range. The surgical correction was satisfactory in 93.5% cases. Lateral tarsal strip (LTS) procedure achieved statistically significant better anatomical and functional outcomes for the correction of all types of involutional eyelid marginal malposition’s and paralytic ectropion.

scholarly journals Accidental childhood poisoning in Paediatrics department of a tertiary care facility: A retrospective review

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Obu ◽  
M.C. Orji ◽  
U.V. Muoneke ◽  
U.V. Asiegbu ◽  
G.O. Ezegbe
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Accidental Poisoning ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
The Public ◽  
Tertiary Care Facility ◽  
Childhood Poisoning ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Accidental childhood poisoning is a recognized preventable cause of morbidity and mortality among children worldwide. This studywas aimed at determining the prevalence, pattern, and outcome of childhood poisoning among children in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State. Material and Methods: Medical records of all cases of accidental childhood poisoning admitted into Children’s emergency room (CHER) of the health facility of study between January 2014 and December 2018 were retrospectively identified and relevant data extracted and analyzed usingSPSS version 22. Results: Out of the 7,700 children that presented to CHER over a 5- year period, 42 were cases of poisoning, giving prevalence rate of 0.5%. Of the 42 cases, only 20 case notes were retrieved. The male to female ratio was 2.3:1 while the ages ranged between 6months and 14 years with the mean age of 3.06±2.88. Kerosene poisoning had the highest proportion of 50.0% (10/20) with the overall mortality rate of 5.0% (1/20).The relationship between age, place of residence and outcome in poisoned children was statistically significant (p = 0.038, 0.045 respectively). Conclusion: Accidental childhood poisoning is common in Abakaliki. Kerosene still remained the major agent while male toddlers were most  vulnerable. There is need to intensify enlightenment campaigns and education of the public about the hazard of improper storage of kerosene and other implicated substances at home. Keywords: Accidental poisoning, Childhood, Kerosene

scholarly journals CARCINOMA OF URINARY BLADDER;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1691-1696
Author(s):  
Khalid Hussain ◽  
Manzoor Ahmad Khan ◽  
Attiq ur Rahman Khan ◽  
Imran Amin ◽  
Muhammad Khalid Butt
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Tumor ◽  
Tnm Classification ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Voiding Symptoms ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Muscle Invasive ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Gross Haematuria

Introduction: The most common presentation of carcinoma of urinarybladder is haematuria. Almost 80-90% of patients with carcinoma of bladder present eitherwith microscopic or gross haematuria and it is mostly intermittent rather than constant. Somepatients also complain of irritative voiding symptoms such as frequency, urgency and dysuria.Study Design: Descriptive, case series study. Setting: Department of Urology, DHQ Hospital,Gujranwala, Pakistan. Period: July 2015 to June 2016. Materials & Methods: Total 30 patientsirrespective of age and gender with diagnosis of bladder tumor based on clinical symptomsand supported by laboratory tools like Urine cytology, Ultrasound and IVU were included. Thealready diagnosed patients of bladder tumor that have been treated with different modalitieswere excluded. All the tumors were staged according to TNM classification after TURBT andgraded on the basis of histopathology. Results: Mean age was 53.17+16.07SD years. Maleswere 25(83.3%) and females were 5(16.7%). Male to female ratio is 5:1. Twenty eight (93.3%)patients out of 30 presented with painless haematuria. 23(73.33%) patients out of 30 patientswere smokers. 09 (30%) patients had Ta, in which G1 was found in 2 patients and G2 in 7patients. T1 was found in 10 (33.3%) patients, in which G2 was 5(17.3%) and G3 was 5(17.3%)cases. Muscle invasive T2a was diagnosed in 04 patients amongst them G2 and G3 wasdetected in 2(6.6%) patients each respectively. T2b was present in 3 patients, which had G1 in1(3.3%) and G3 in 2(10%) patients. T3b G2 was found 01 patient and T3b G3 was detected in1(3.3%) patient, T4M1 G3 was present in 2(6.6%) patients. Conclusion: This study concludedthat the bladder tumor is quite common with muscle invasive TCC is more common. Painlesshematuria is the commonest presentation and also smoking has a definite association with CAbladder.

scholarly journals Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Epidemiology of Knee and Shoulder Arthroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110560
Author(s):  
Krystian Kazubski ◽  
Łukasz Tomczyk ◽  
Piotr Morasiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Shoulder Arthroscopy ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Orthopedic Patients ◽  
Male To Female

The purpose of our study was to comprehensively assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on knee and shoulder arthroscopy performed in an orthopedic department of a university hospital in Poland. This study compared the data on all shoulder and knee arthroscopy procedures performed in two different periods: The period of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland (from March 4, 2020, to October 15, 2020) and the corresponding period prior to the pandemic (March 4, 2019, to October 15, 2019). The study evaluated epidemiological data, demographic data, and hospital stay duration. The total number of arthroscopy procedures conducted in the evaluated period in 2020 was approximately 8.6% higher than that in the corresponding 2019 period. The mean duration of hospital stay for orthopedic patients after their knee or shoulder arthroscopy was 3.1 days in 2020 and 2.8 days in 2019. Our study revealed the mean age of arthroscopy patients during the pandemic to be lower at 48.4 years than the 51.2 years recorded in 2019. The male-to-female ratio was shown to be lower at .85 during the pandemic, having decreased from 1.5 in 2019. The COVID-19 pandemic did not reduce the number of arthroscopy performed at our center, and the mean age of the patients did not change. However, the pandemic had a marked effect on the mean duration of hospital stay and male-to-female ratio.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Rapid Diagnostic Kits Test for Diagnosis of Malaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2826-2828
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ahsan Zafar ◽  
Sidra Khalid ◽  
Talha Munir
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Kits ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Malaria Antigen ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Male To Female

Objective: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of rapid diagnostic kits test for diagnosis of malaria taking microscopy as gold standard Methodology: A total of 375 cases with age range 18-65 years of either gender as suspected for malaria were included in the study. We excluded all those cases already taking anti-malarial drugs. The study was conducted at Chughtais Lahore Lab, Lahore. Required blood sample were obtained following aseptic measures. Malaria RDT SD Bioline Malaria Antigen Pf/Pan (Catalogue No. 05FK60, Standard Diagnostics Inc, Hagal-Dong, Korea, from now on referred as “SD RDT”) was used. Patients were labeled as positive or negative on the basis of reports from hematology department assessed by microscopy and patients were labeled as positive or negative Results: The mean age of the patients was 41.84±13.44 years, male to female ratio of the patients was 1.01:1. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of the RDT for diagnosing malaria was 96.79%, 96.28% and 96.53% respectively taking microscopy as gold standard Conclusion: Rapid diagnostic kits is very useful reliable test with high diagnostic accuracy for diagnosis of malaria taking microscopy as gold standard Keywords: Microscopy, Rapid Diagnostic kits, Malaria,

scholarly journals Apheresis-Adverse Events in Man and Machine Individualities

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Md Ashraful Hoque ◽  
Kashfia Islam ◽  
Selina Akter
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Reaction ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Citrate Toxicity ◽  
Common Adverse Reaction

Adverse events due to platelet pheresis are not unheard of citrate related reactions being the most common. Most of these events are mild and self limiting. The current study describes adverse events in platelet pheresis using modern apheresis systems. This prospective study included 1455 platelet pheresis procedures done from July 2016 to December 2017. Procedures were performed on Hemonetics MCS+, Trima Accel and Cobe spectra cell separators. The endpoint of each procedure was a yield of 3 × 1011 platelets (PLTs) per unit. Donor adverse reaction if any was managed, reported, and documented. The median age of donors was 31 years with male to female ratio of 13:1. The median body surface area and body mass index were 1.64 m2 and 22.4 kg/m2, respectively. The mean PLT count of donors was 199.8 × 103/uL with a mean hemoglobin value of 13.6 g/dl. ACD infusion was significantly more in the Hemonetics MCS+, (P< 0.01). Donation time was least with the Trima compared to Hemonetics MCS+ (P< 0.01) and Cobe (P< 0.001). Total whole blood volume processed was higher in Hemonetics MCS+, (P< 0.01). Paresthesia due to citrate toxicity was the most common adverse reaction (65.3%), and vascular injury was observed in only five donors. The overall incidence of adverse reaction was 3.4%. Serious adverse events were not observed. The modern generation apheresis machines are more donors friendly and cause less adverse reactions compared to the older versions. Good donor screening, optimized donor physiognomic and hematological values and skilled operators are the key factors in reaction reduction by apheresis. Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2019;14(1): 27-30

scholarly journals Correlation between Clinical Symptoms of Various Colorectal Diseases and Colonoscopic Findings

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Roman Kidwai ◽  
Anup Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Colorectal Polyps ◽  
Bowel Habit ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Colorectal Diseases ◽  
Male To Female

Background: About 30% of patients presenting to surgical outpatient department has lower gastrointestinal (LGI) symptoms. Colonoscopy is a low risk and at the same time investigation of choice in these patients which allows visualization of the entire colon and the terminal portion of ileum. This study was done to find out the diagnostic accuracy of colonoscopy in relation to the clinical symptoms of the disease.  Methods: This was a prospective, hospital based study from February 2014 to March 2019 carried out at Nepalgunj Medical College and Teaching Hospital. The colonoscopy diagnosis was compared with the clinical symptoms and further confirmed with histological examination.  Results: 341 patients underwent colonoscopy. There were 234 (68.62%) males and 107 (31.37%) females with the male to female ratio of 2.18: 1. The age ranged from 16 to 81 with the mean age of 59.63±10.37. The most common presenting symptom was per rectal bleeding (40.34%) the after were alteration in bowel habit (17.30%), constipation (12.90%), hematochezia (11.43%). The least common indication for colonoscopy was unexplained anemia. Haemorrhoids were the most common findings consisting 32.55%. In 19.94% it was normal. Majority had various inflammatory conditions, among them 10.85% had proctocolitis, 2.34% were suspected to have ulcerative colitis. There were 17(4.98%) patients with colonic and 13(3.18%)with rectal carcinoma. 10.55% had colorectal polyps. Out of 111 patients suspected to have hemorrhoids clinically 102 had same findings on colonoscopy. Similarly 34 patients presenting with chronic diarrhea with bleeding and 59 with alteration in bowel habit where inflammatory conditions were suspected had similar findings on colonoscopy in 29 and 34 patients respectively. Similarly the suspicion of malignancy on clinical basis was also correlated on colonoscopy. The inflammatory conditions diagnosed on colonoscopy were confirmed in 85.04 % by histology. Similarly malignancy and the presence of polyps diagnosed on colonoscopy were confirmed by histology in 97.05% and in 97.22% cases respectively. Conclusion: Colonoscopy is a safe and effective investigation to diagnose various colorectal conditions. There was a correlation between the clinical symptoms and the colonoscopicdiagnosis especially in conditions like inflammatory and neoplastic colorectal diseases. When combined with histology the diagnostic accuracy can be near 100% in conditions like inflammatory and benign or malignant diseases.

scholarly journals Fistulotomy-First Approach is Safe and Effective in Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiography: Results of a Prospective Case Series

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Hnaris ◽  
Connie Taylor ◽  
Lawrence Hookey ◽  
Robert Bechara
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde ◽  
Successful Cannulation ◽  
Cannulation Technique ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Prospective Case Series ◽  
Needle Knife ◽  
Mild Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Access Technique

Abstract Background and Aims The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of using needle-knife fistulotomy (NKF) as a primary cannulation technique in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with a native papilla. Patients and Methods This prospective feasibility study enrolled 50 patients between December 2018 and June 2019. The procedure was performed by two expert endoscopists (R.B. and L.H.). The primary outcome was the incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis. Other variables assessed included the success rate of cannulation of the common bile duct (CBD), time to successful cannulation, and incidence of adverse events. Results Between December 2018 and June 2019, 50 patients enrolled in the study. The mean age was 63.4 years (standard deviation 18.1), and there were 26 females. Indications included biliary obstruction secondary to malignancy (n = 14) and choledocholithiasis (n = 36). Successful cannulation of the CBD through the fistulotomy occurred in 49/50 cases. The time to successful cannulation was 5.1 minutes (range 0.5 to 23 minutes). Mild acute pancreatitis occurred in two cases (4%). Post-ERCP bleeding occurred in three patients (6%) Conclusions In this pilot study, NKF was used as the primary biliary access technique and it was demonstrated that it appears to be at least as safe as the traditional access technique with a sphinctertome. However, its role as a primary cannulation technique requires further investigation with multicenter, randomized control studies.

scholarly journals Accuracy of GRK-2200T Auto-refkeratometer in Subjective Acceptance for Refractive Errors

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 645-648
Author(s):  
Bishwa Nath Adhikari ◽  
Pramod Sharma Gautam ◽  
Shishu Upadhyay ◽  
Uday Chandra Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Spherical Component ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Prospective Comparative Study ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Day By Day

Introduction: Globally, the most common cause for diminution of vision is refractive errors and the number of patients with refractive errors is increasing day by day. The Auto-refraction (AR) is quick and patient friendly procedure as compared to retinoscopy and subjective refraction in finding out refractive errors. Hence, the accuracy of Auto-refractometer in terms of subjective acceptance (SA) should be taken into account before prescribing optical correction based on findings of that particular model of Auto-refractometer. So, this study is directed towards analysis of the accuracy of GRK-2200T Auto-retieratometer in terms of acceptance by comparing findings of AR with that of SC. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the refractive status of patient's eyes using auto refractometer (GRK-2200T auto-retierato meter) and to estimate the agreement of it in terms of accuracy in acceptance of subjective correction by the patient. Methodology: A hospital based prospective comparative study conducted on 226 eyes of 113 patients who visited out-patient department (OPD) of Ophthalmology at Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital (NoMCTH), Biratnagar diagnosed with Myopia, Hyperopia and Astigmatism. Duration of study was 4 months from 2nd October, 2018 to 2nd February, 2019. All data thus collected was subjected to statistical analysis by using SPSS version 22. Result The mean age of the study subjects was 26.91±7.79 years with male to female ratio of 0.47. When spherical power, cylindrical power and the axis are taken into consideration together, only 13.3% of the total tested eyes subjectively accepted the AR values unchanged. On subjective correction, 32.7% of the tested eyes accepted spherical power while 46.5% accepted cylindrical power and 50.9% accepted axis of AR unchanged. About 52.2% of the total eyes examined fall within the deviation of spherical equivalent (SE) of ±o.25D and up to 67.3% of them fall within the deviation of ±o.50D. Conclusion The auto refraction by GRK-2200T auto-retieratometer was found to be satisfactory for a preliminary refraction but not satisfactory as substitutes for conventional subjective refraction. However, auto refraction values obtained by GRK-2200T auto-retieratometer could be important in order to accurately prescribe the cylindrical power as well as its axis than the spherical component.

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