Diagnostic Accuracy of Rapid Diagnostic Kits Test for Diagnosis of Malaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2826-2828
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ahsan Zafar ◽  
Sidra Khalid ◽  
Talha Munir
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Kits ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Malaria Antigen ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Male To Female

Objective: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of rapid diagnostic kits test for diagnosis of malaria taking microscopy as gold standard Methodology: A total of 375 cases with age range 18-65 years of either gender as suspected for malaria were included in the study. We excluded all those cases already taking anti-malarial drugs. The study was conducted at Chughtais Lahore Lab, Lahore. Required blood sample were obtained following aseptic measures. Malaria RDT SD Bioline Malaria Antigen Pf/Pan (Catalogue No. 05FK60, Standard Diagnostics Inc, Hagal-Dong, Korea, from now on referred as “SD RDT”) was used. Patients were labeled as positive or negative on the basis of reports from hematology department assessed by microscopy and patients were labeled as positive or negative Results: The mean age of the patients was 41.84±13.44 years, male to female ratio of the patients was 1.01:1. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of the RDT for diagnosing malaria was 96.79%, 96.28% and 96.53% respectively taking microscopy as gold standard Conclusion: Rapid diagnostic kits is very useful reliable test with high diagnostic accuracy for diagnosis of malaria taking microscopy as gold standard Keywords: Microscopy, Rapid Diagnostic kits, Malaria,

scholarly journals Does Static Intra Access Pressure Monitoring of Arteriovenous Fistulas Predicts Intra Access Stenosis?

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abaid ur Rehman ◽  
Muhammad Imran Khan ◽  
Omer Sabir ◽  
Muhammad Mohsin Riaz ◽  
Mubashar Dilawar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Vascular Access ◽  
Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistulas ◽  
Doppler Us ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Male To Female

The initiation of hemodialysis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires vascular access formation. The choice of vascular access for individual patient depends on various factors however arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is conventionally considered to be the vascular access of choice. Once hemodialysis is initiated through a mature AVF, there is an ongoing need for surveillance of the AVF to ensure adequate function and prevent vascular access issues among which flow obstruction (both inflow and outflow) remains the most important. AVF stenosis can potentially lead to inadequate dialysis delivery and thrombosis thus leading to access loss. Physical examination and AVF Doppler ultrasonography (DUS) are useful for evaluation of stenosis in the  arteriovenous connection and the outflow tract. Periodic assessment of the AVF with Static Intra access Pressure (SIAPR) determination may be a reliable means of predicting vascular access stenosis. Material & Methods  A cross sectional study carried out at Department of Nephrology, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore from July 2018 to December 2018. In total 113 patients were included, and all patients underwent SIAPR assessment and Doppler Ultrasound of AVF. Results Mean age of the patients was 56.81±9.38 years, male to female ratio of the patients was 1.8:1. In this study the SIAPR was suggestive of  stenosis in 87(76.99%) patients. The sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of SIAPR against Doppler US of the AVF for detection of stenosis was 75.86%, 22.62% & 36.28% respectively Conclusion SIAPR has low specificity and diagnostic accuracy compared to Doppler US for detection of AVF stenosis.

scholarly journals Correlation between Clinical Symptoms of Various Colorectal Diseases and Colonoscopic Findings

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Roman Kidwai ◽  
Anup Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Colorectal Polyps ◽  
Bowel Habit ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Colorectal Diseases ◽  
Male To Female

Background: About 30% of patients presenting to surgical outpatient department has lower gastrointestinal (LGI) symptoms. Colonoscopy is a low risk and at the same time investigation of choice in these patients which allows visualization of the entire colon and the terminal portion of ileum. This study was done to find out the diagnostic accuracy of colonoscopy in relation to the clinical symptoms of the disease.  Methods: This was a prospective, hospital based study from February 2014 to March 2019 carried out at Nepalgunj Medical College and Teaching Hospital. The colonoscopy diagnosis was compared with the clinical symptoms and further confirmed with histological examination.  Results: 341 patients underwent colonoscopy. There were 234 (68.62%) males and 107 (31.37%) females with the male to female ratio of 2.18: 1. The age ranged from 16 to 81 with the mean age of 59.63±10.37. The most common presenting symptom was per rectal bleeding (40.34%) the after were alteration in bowel habit (17.30%), constipation (12.90%), hematochezia (11.43%). The least common indication for colonoscopy was unexplained anemia. Haemorrhoids were the most common findings consisting 32.55%. In 19.94% it was normal. Majority had various inflammatory conditions, among them 10.85% had proctocolitis, 2.34% were suspected to have ulcerative colitis. There were 17(4.98%) patients with colonic and 13(3.18%)with rectal carcinoma. 10.55% had colorectal polyps. Out of 111 patients suspected to have hemorrhoids clinically 102 had same findings on colonoscopy. Similarly 34 patients presenting with chronic diarrhea with bleeding and 59 with alteration in bowel habit where inflammatory conditions were suspected had similar findings on colonoscopy in 29 and 34 patients respectively. Similarly the suspicion of malignancy on clinical basis was also correlated on colonoscopy. The inflammatory conditions diagnosed on colonoscopy were confirmed in 85.04 % by histology. Similarly malignancy and the presence of polyps diagnosed on colonoscopy were confirmed by histology in 97.05% and in 97.22% cases respectively. Conclusion: Colonoscopy is a safe and effective investigation to diagnose various colorectal conditions. There was a correlation between the clinical symptoms and the colonoscopicdiagnosis especially in conditions like inflammatory and neoplastic colorectal diseases. When combined with histology the diagnostic accuracy can be near 100% in conditions like inflammatory and benign or malignant diseases.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Predicting Malignancy in Musculoskeletal Tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1603-1606
Author(s):  
Sadia Ali ◽  
Saba Maqsood ◽  
Sana Akhtar ◽  
Nazish Hameed ◽  
Shaima Abdul Ghaffar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Musculoskeletal Tumor ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Musculoskeletal Tumors ◽  
Surgical Methods ◽  
The Mean

Background: Tumors of the musculoskeletal system may arise in bone or soft tissues including muscle and cartilage. Because of experimental chemotherapeutic medications and regimens, as well as improvements in imaging and surgical methods, the prognosis of patients with musculoskeletal tumors has increased dramatically. Aim: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging in detection of musculoskeletal tumor taking histopathology as gold standard Study Design: It was cross sectional study Setting: Department of Radiology, Mayo Hospital, Lahore Duration: six months i.e. July 2020 to Dec 2020. Methods: After meeting the inclusion criteria 135 cases were enrolled. Informed consent and demographic information was taken from all the patients. All malignancies were confirmed by surgical histology. MRI was performed routinely on 1.5 Tesla and 3 Tesla. Patients were considered as the confirmed cases of tumors on MRI and histopathology as per operational definition. All the collected data was analyzed on SPSS vr 21. Results: In this study the mean age of the patients was 42.59±10.16 years, male to female ratio of the patients was 0.68:1. The mean value of duration of disease of the patients was 2.95±1.42 months. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of MRI for detecting musculoskeletal tumors was 89.23%, 88.57%, & 88.89% respectively taking histopathology as gold standard. Conclusion:This finding concluded that the magnetic resonance imaging is very useful and reliable technique in detection of musculoskeletal tumor with high diagnostic accuracy Keywords: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Musculoskeletal Tumor, Histopathology

Utility of Omentoplasty in Mediastinitis Treatment following Sternotomy

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Abdurrahim Colak ◽  
Ugur Kaya ◽  
Münacettin Ceviz ◽  
Necip Becit ◽  
Fehimcan Sevil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
Open Heart ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Mediastinal Infection ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Mediastinal infection is one of the most serious complications that occurs following open-heart surgery by sternotomy. In the present study, omentoplasty was initially and aggressively used to treat the infection and prevent the recurrence caused by bones in cases of mediastinitis following open-heart surgery at our clinic.Methods: Among the 3656 patients who underwent surgery at our department of cardiovascular surgery between January 1996 and December 2012, omentoplasty as a treatment for mediastinitis was applied to 19 (0.51%) patients (of which 13 were males) following sternotomy. The cases were revised on the 15th day following the first surgery and/or when there was a suspicion of mediastinal infection. The necrotic skin, subcutaneous tissue, and bone tissue were resected, and all the affected sternal tissues were removed until healthy hemorrhagic areas were reached. Results: The average age of the patients was between 49 and 81 years (mean: 65.7 ± 10.5 years). The mean age of the men was 66.08 ± 12.7 years (age range: 49-81 years) and that of the women was 63.2 ± 6.8 years (age range: 55-71 years). The male to female ratio was 2:1, and in both the male and female groups, the approximate age ranged from 55 and 70 years. In the intraoperative cultures received from wound cases, the most common agent of infection was methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci. Purulent leaks from eight patients stopped in approximately 4 days. Purulent leaks from the other 11 patients continued until the 6th day, and thus, medical dressing also continued, after which the leaks stopped on the 15th day. The approximate postoperative hospital stay was 32 days (range: 13-63 days). Conclusion: Omentoplasty in heart surgery can be considered an effective method when used to control infection and treat secondary poststernotomy mediastinitis.

Childhood malignant tumours in owerri

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Managing Editor
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma ◽  
Malignant Diseases ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Yolk Sac Tumour ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Childhood Tumours

Tittle: Childhood Malignant Tumours in Owerri; A Histopathological Review. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the demographic and pathologic characteristics of childhood tumours in Owerri. Methodology: The surgical day books, histology request and report forms were studied and the clinico-pathologic information were retrieved and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 Results: A total of 27 cases of malignant diseases of children were clinically diagnosed and histologically confirmed. The mean age of the patients were 10.17±4.33 years with age range of 1 to 18 years. The male to female ratio was 1:1.25. The peak age of incidence falls in the 6-10 age groups which accounted for 40.74%. Wilm’s tumor (Nephroblastoma) was the commonest 8 cases (29.63%), Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma 6 cases (22.22%), Neuroblastoma 4cases (14.81%), osteosarcoma 3cases (11.11%), yolk sac tumour of the ovary 2 cases (7.41%), one case “3.70%” each for retinoblastoma, soft tissue sarcoma and angiosarcoma  

scholarly journals Outcome of Lateral tarsal strip (LTS) procedure in the correction of eyelid malposition

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Syeed Mehbub Ul Kadir ◽  
Md. Feroz Khan ◽  
Md. Abul Kalam Azad ◽  
Md. Ismail Hossain ◽  
Narayan Chandra Bhowmik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Lower Eyelid ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Involutional Entropion ◽  
Eyelid Malposition ◽  
Lateral Tarsal Strip ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Male To Female

To analysis the effectiveness of lateral tarsal strip for the surgical repair of the marginal malpositions of the lower eyelid. A retrospective, consecutive case series of patients who underwent lateral tarsal strip (LTS) procedure for all types of involutional lower eyelid malposition (entropion and ectropion) and paralytic ectropion, at one tertiary eye centre of Dhaka, Bangladesh, between January 2013 and December 2017. All records were evaluated to determine the indications, management strategies, surgical outcome and postoperative complications. A total of 46 lower eyelids marginal malposition’s of 41 patients were studied in this study and lateral tarsal strip 9LTS) procedure was used to repair the involutional entropion (52%), involutional ectropion (35%), and paralytic ectropion (13%) of the lower eyelid. The male to female ratio was 2:1. The mean age was 61.34 years with 26 years to 85 years age range. The surgical correction was satisfactory in 93.5% cases. Lateral tarsal strip (LTS) procedure achieved statistically significant better anatomical and functional outcomes for the correction of all types of involutional eyelid marginal malposition’s and paralytic ectropion.

The role of serum periostin in the diagnosis of asthma: A meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 240-247
Author(s):  
Lei Yang ◽  
Qingtao Zhao ◽  
Shuyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Noninvasive Biomarker ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Serum Periostin

Background: Serum periostin has been proposed as a noninvasive biomarker for asthma diagnosis and management. However, its accuracy for the diagnosis of asthma in different populations is not completely clear. Methods: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of periostin level in the clinical determination of asthma. Several medical literature data bases were searched for relevant studies through December 1, 2019. The numbers of patients with true-positive, false-positive, false-negative, and true-negative results for the periostin level were extracted from each individual study. We assessed the risk of bias by using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2. We used the meta-analysis to produce summary estimates of accuracy. Results: In total, nine studies with 1757 subjects met the inclusion criteria. The pooled estimates of sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratios for the detection of asthma were 0.58 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.38‐0.76), 0.86 (95% CI, 0.74‐0.93), and 8.28 (95% CI, 3.67‐18.68), respectively. The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.82 (95% CI, 0.79‐0.85). And significant publication bias was found in this meta‐analysis (p = 0.39). Conclusion: Serum periostin may be used for the diagnosis of asthma, with moderate diagnostic accuracy.

Accuracy of MRI in the Differential Diagnosis of Wilms Tumor

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2057-2059
Author(s):  
Maham Ashraf ◽  
Aysha Anjum ◽  
Eisha Tahir ◽  
Amber Goraya ◽  
Rabia Aqeel
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Wilms Tumor ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Renal Tumors ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Predominance

Background & Objective: Renal tumors are a common finding in diagnostic imaging; these lesions usually are solid or cystic, benign or malignant, and the correct diagnosis may be difficult. The current study aims at to determine the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of Wilms tumor taking histopathology as gold standard. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried at the Department of Radiology, The Children’s Hospital & Institute of Child Health Lahore over 6 months from March 2019 to September 2019. The study involved 125 children of both genders aged between 2 years to 14 years presenting with a neoplastic mass in the retroperitoneum on ultrasound abdomen during initial workup. These children were assessed on MRI for the diagnosis of Wilms tumor. Later the diagnosis was confirmed on histopathology which was taken as gold standard and the diagnosis of MRI was judged accordingly as true/false and positive/negative. A written informed consent was obtained from every patient. Results: The mean age of the children was 5.8±3.9 years having a male predominance with male to female ratio of 1.8:1. Wilms tumor was suspected in 13 (10.4%) children on MRI. The diagnosis of Wilms tumor was confirmed in 13 (10.4%) children on histopathology. MRI was found to be 76.9% sensitive, 97.3% specific and 95.2% accurate with positive and negative predictive values of 76.9% and 97.3% respectively. Conclusion: In the present study, MRI was found to be 95.2% accurate in the differential diagnosis of Wilms tumor in children presenting with retroperitoneal mass which along with its non-invasive and radiation free nature advocates the preferred use of MRI in the diagnostic evaluation of such children in future oncologic practice. Keywords: Retroperitoneal Tumor, Wilms Tumor, MRI, Diagnostic Accuracy

Diagnostic Accuracy of Multislice Contrast CT scan in Detection of Squamous cell Carcinoma of Oral cavity, in clinically suspected Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2500-2501
Author(s):  
Aliya Khan ◽  
Abid Ali Sahito ◽  
Mahreen Shaikh ◽  
Humera Jabeen ◽  
Humaira Ashraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Multislice Computed Tomography ◽  
Multislice Ct ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of multislice computed tomography (CT) in detection of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of oral cavity in clinically suspected patients taking histopathology as gold standard. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study has been conducted at Radiology department of Civil Hospital Karachi from 8th September 2018 to March 2019. All the cases having suspected oral squamous cell carcinoma and either of gender were included. Patients underwent computed tomography by using multislice scanner. Then patients undergone biopsy sampling and patients were labeled as positive or negative for squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity on MDCT and histopathology. Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of multislice CT for squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity were measured taking histopathology as gold standard. Results: Total 168 cases were studied and out of them males were 76.8% and females were 23.2%. Mean gutka addiction history was 11.52±5.21 years. Mean lesion size on CT scan was 2.44±1.43 cm. In our study, 35.1% patients were diagnosed positive by multislice computed tomography and 43.5% through histopathology. Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy were 86.4%, 79.8%, 69.9%, 91.6%, and 82.1% respectively. Conclusion: Multislice CT observed to be the effective diagnostic tool for the detection of SCC of oral cavity. Keywords: Multislice Computed Tomography, cancer, Oral Cavity

scholarly journals Frequency of Patients Passing an Impacted Esophageal Meat Bolus by Conservative Method Alone

Esculapio ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (03, july 2020-Septmber 2020) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghulam Murtaza ◽  
sarwat Hassan Syed ◽  
Mohammad Qamar Nasir ◽  
Damish Arsalan ◽  
Muhammad Awais Amin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conservative Management ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Barium Swallow ◽  
Single Intravenous Dose ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Food Bolus ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Male To Female

Objectives: To determine the frequency of patients passing the impacted esophageal meat bolus by conservative management Methods: After obtaining permission from ethical committee of Hospital,a total of 62 patients meeting the study criteria were recruited in the study which was conducted in Department of Otorhinolaryn-gology, Services Hospital, Lahore. Demographic information (name, age, gender, contact) was also obtained. Patients with clinical suspicion of impacted esophageal food bolus of age 20-50 years of either gender were included. Patients with known esophageal abnormalities like stricture, web or growth on either barium swallow or esophagogastroduodenoscopy, peptic ulcer and GERD were excluded. After taking informed written consent from each patient, single intravenous dose of buscopan 20mg was given to each patient. Each patient was followed by the researcher himself for 24 hours to assess the passage of food bolus. Results: 20-50 years was the age range in our study, with mean age being 34.10± .63 years. Majority of the patients 32 (51.61%) were between 20 to 35 years of age. Out of 62 subjects, 37 (59.68%) were male, 25 (40.32%) were females with male to female ratio 1.5:1. In our study, Frequency of patients passing the impacted esophageal meat bolus by conservative management was found in 51 (82.26%) patients. Conclusion: This study concluded that there is a high frequency of patients passing the impacted esophageal meat bolus by conservative management. Keywords: Esophagus, foreign body, conservative management.

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