scholarly journals GC-MS Analysis and Biological Activities of Algerian Salvia microphylla Essential Oils

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafsa Chouit ◽  
Ouassila Touafek ◽  
Moussa Brada ◽  
Chawki Benssouici ◽  
Marie-Laure Fauconnier ◽  
...  

Abstract. Salvia microphylla is a known species due to its broad uses in traditional medicine against memory loss and rheumatism. The knowledge regarding the chemical composition and biological activities of the species collected in Algeria, no studies have been reported in the literature. Therefore, the present work focuses on the characterization of the chemical composition of the essential oils (EOs) and the determination of the antioxidant, anticholinesterase, α-glucosidase, and antimicrobial activities of Salvia microphylla. The EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation from the aerial parts, leaves and stems and submitted to chemical analysis by GC and GC/MS. The β-Caryophyllene was identified as the main constituent in the aerial parts and leaves essential oils with 16.75 ± 0.02 % and 17.86 ± 0.07 %, respectively. Likewise, the α-Eudesmol was the predominant component in the stems oil with (21.47 ± 0.20 %). The antioxidant activity of EOs was estimated through using four comparative methods: DPPH, ABTS•+, Reducing power and CUPRAC assays. The Stems oil was the most active one in CUPRAC assay, with an IC50 value with 7.72 ± 0.43 µg/mL. The enzyme inhibitory activity of the essential oils was realized against key enzymes involved in type 2 diabetes (α-glucosidase) using 4-Nitrophenyl-α-d-glucopyranoside as substrate and in neurodegenerative (AChE and BChE) diseases. The highest anticholinesterase activity against acetylcholinesterase was observed in the EO of aerial parts essential  (IC50: 23.65 ± 0.73 µg/mL). The EO isolated from stems (IC50: 37.07 ± 1.44 µg/mL) exhibited a butyrylcholinesterase activity very close to that of analytical standard galantamine (IC50: 34.75 ± 1.99 µg/mL). Furthermore, all EOs displayed high inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase, better to that of the standard acarbose. The EOs of Salvia microphylla display potential properties against type 2 diabetes. A broth microdilution method was used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Salvia microphylla EOs, against eleven microbial strains and two yeast. The EOs showed better antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria except for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with the stems essential oil being more efficient. Moreover, significant antifungal activity was observed against Candida albicans.   Resumen. Salvia microphylla es una specie conocida debido a su amplio uso en medicina tradicional, contra la pérdida de memoria y el reumatismo. En el caso de la especie de planta recolectada en Algeria, no hay datos publicados sobre su composición química y sus actividades biológicas. Por ello, el presente trabajo ha sido enfocado en la caracterización de la composición química de aceites esenciales (EOs) de Salvia microphylla y en la determinación de sus actividades antioxidante, anticolinesterasa, α-glucosidasa y antimicrobiano. Los EOs fueron obtenidos mediante hidrodestilación de las partes aéreas, ojas y tallos, y fueron sometidos al análisis por cromatografía de gases con detección por ionización en flama y por espectrometría de masas. Se identificó a β-cariofileno como el componente principal de los aceites de las partes aéreas y de tallos con concentraciones de 16.75 ± 0.02 % y 17.86 ± 0.07 %, respectivamente. Por su parte, el α-Eudesmol fue encontrado como componente predominante en aceite de tallos (21.47 ± 0.20 %). La actividad antioxidante de los EOs fue estimada en base a cuatro métodos compartivos: DPPH, ABTS•+, poder reductor y ensayo CUPRAC. El aceite de tallos resultó ser el más activo en ensayo CUPRAC, con el valor IC50 de 7.72 ± 0.43 µg/mL. La actividad inhibitora de enzimas de los EOs fue evaluada contra principales enzimas involucrados en diabetes tipo 2 (α-glucosidasa), utilizando 4-Nitrofenil-α-d-glucopiranosida como sustrato, y en enfermedades neurodergenerativas (AChE y BChE). La mayor actividad anticolinesterasa y acetilcolinesterasa fue observada en el EO de partes aéreas (IC50: 23.65 ± 0.73 µg/mL). El EO islado de tallos (IC50: 37.07 ± 1.44 µg/mL) presentó actividad de butirilcolinestarasa muy similar a la del estándar analítico, galantamina (IC50: 34.75 ± 1.99 µg/mL). Aunado a ello, todos EOs presentaron una alta actividad inhibitora contra α-glucosidasa, que era mejor comparando con la del estándar de acarbosa. Los EOs de Salvia microphylla presentan potenciales propiedades contra diabetes tipo 2. Para evaluar la actividad antimicrobiana de los EOs de Salvia microphylla, se utilizó el método de microdulución en caldo, contra once sepas microbianas y dos de levadura. La mejor actividad se observó contra bacterias Gram-positivas y Gram-negativas, excepto Pseudomonas aeruginosa, los cuales presentaron alta resistencia. Los EOs presentaron también importante actividad antifungica contra Candida albicans.

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Hai Dang ◽  
Pham Huong Nhung ◽  
Bui Thi Mai Anh ◽  
Dinh Thi Thu Thuy ◽  
Chau Van Minh ◽  
...  

Background. Inhibition ofα-glucosidase is an important factor to control postprandial hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Citrusessential oils (CEO) are among the most widely used essential oils, and some of them exhibited promising antidiabetic effect. However, theα-glucosidase inhibition of CEO has not been investigated so far. The present work aims to evaluate theα-glucosidase inhibition of essential oils from six VietnameseCitruspeels.Methods. The chemical composition of essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation from sixCitruspeels was analyzed by GC-MS. All essential oils were tested for their inhibitory activity onα-glucosidase usingp-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside as substrate.Results. In Buddha’s hand and lime peels, the major components were limonene (59.0–61.31%) andγ-terpinene (13.98–23.84%) while limonene (90.95–95.74%) was most abundant in pomelo, orange, tangerine, and calamondin peels. Among the essential oils, the Buddha’s hand oil showed the most significantα-glucosidase inhibitory effect with the IC50value of 412.2 μg/mL. The combination of the Buddha’s hand essential oil and the antidiabetic drug acarbose increased the inhibitory effect.Conclusions. The results suggested the potential use of Buddha’s hand essential oil as an alternative in treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.


2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabodh Satyal ◽  
Bhuwan K. Chhetri ◽  
Noura S. Dosoky ◽  
Ambika Poudel ◽  
William N. Setzer

The essential oil from the dried rhizome of Nardostachys grandiflora, collected from Jaljale, Nepal, was obtained in 1.4% yield, and a total of 72 compounds were identified constituting 93.8% of the essential oil. The rhizome essential oil of N. grandiflora was mostly composed of calarene (9.4%), valerena-4,7(11)-diene (7.1%), nardol A (6.0%), 1(10)-aristolen-9-ol (11.6%), jatamansone (7.9%), valeranal (5.6%), and cis-valerinic acid (5.7%). The chemical composition of N. grandiflora rhizome oil from Nepal is qualitatively very different than those from Indian, Chinese, and Pakistani Nardostachys essential oils. In this study we have evaluated the chemical composition and biological activities of N. grandiflora from Nepal. Additionally, 1(10)-aristolen-9-ol was isolated and the structure determined by NMR, and represents the first report of this compound from N. grandiflora. N. grandiflora rhizome oil showed in-vitro antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans (MIC = 156 μg/mL), as well as in-vitro cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 cells.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e37410817440
Author(s):  
Antonia Tavares Barbosa ◽  
Vitor Hugo Neves da Silva ◽  
Bruna Yuka Koide da Silva ◽  
Aniele da Silva Neves Lopes ◽  
Isabel Reis Guesdon ◽  
...  

The Vismia Vand. genus encompasses many species indigenous to the Amazon rain forest where they are popularly known as “Lacre” bark and leaves are widely employed by locals to treat dermatophytoses. The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of essential oils (EOs) extracted from the aerial parts of the species Vismia guianensis (Aubl.) Choisy and Vismia cayennensis (Jacq.) Pers. and to assess their antimicrobial activity against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus Rosenbach 1884 and Escherichia coli (Migula 1895) Castellani and Chalmers 1919 as well as the fungi Candida albicans (C.P. Robin) Berkhout 1923 and Candida parapsilosis (Ashford) Langeron & Talice 1932. The analysis of the chemical composition of the essential oil extracted from V. guianensis leaves (EOVg) indicated 46 components, of which three sesquiterpenes predominated, namely: (E)-caryophyllene (10.40%), α-copaene (29.45%), and (E)-nerolidol (24.06%). As to the essential oil from V. cayennensis leaves (EOVc), 61 components were identified, of which two oxygenated sesquiterpenes stood out as the main components, namely, germacrone (25.42%) and curzerene (25.29%). EOVg exhibited Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 1.56 µg/mL against the yeast C. parapsilosis whereas EOVc was active against the bacteria E. coli and S. aureus as well as the yeast C. parapsilosis. The results obtained in this study strongly recommend further research on the essential oils in question with a view to isolating and identifying the components responsible for their observed antimicrobial activities.


2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
pp. S155-S163 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mehalaine ◽  
O. Belfadel ◽  
T. Menasria ◽  
A. Messaili

The present study was carried out to determine, for the first time, the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils derived from the aerial parts of three aromatic plants Thymus algeriensis Boiss & Reut, Rosmarinus officinalis L., and Salvia officinalis L. growing under semiarid conditions. The essential oils were chemically analyzed and identified by gas chromatography (GC) and GC/ mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and their antimicrobial activity was individually evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using both agar disk diffusion and agar dilution methods. The major constituents of Thymus algeriensis essential oil were identified as camphor (13.62%), 1,8-cineol (6.00%), borneol (5.74%), viridiflorol (4.00%), and linalool (3.93%). For Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil, 48 compounds were characterized, of which the main constituents were camphor (17.09%), Z-β-ocimene (10.88%), isoborneol (9.68%), α-bisabolol (7.89%), and borneol (5.11%). While, Salvia officinalis essential oil was characterized by β-thujone (16.44%), followed by viridiflorol (10.93%), camphor (8.99%), 1,8-cineol (8.11%), trans-caryophyllene (5.85%), and α-humulene (4.69%) as the major components. Notably, results from antibacterial screening indicated that Thymus algeriensis and Salvia officinalis essential oils exhibited a strong inhibitory effect against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus compared to Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil. Further, less activity was recorded against Pseudomonas aeruginosa for the three tested essential oils.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-278
Author(s):  
Ardalan Pasdaran ◽  
Satyajit D. Sarker ◽  
Lutfun Nahar ◽  
Azadeh Hamedi

Background: The essential oil from the Acantholimon genus have been an integral part of the traditional food additive in Middle East. Most of the plants in Acantholimon genus have not been studied scientifically. The aim of this study is to investigate the chemical composition, antibacterial, insecticidal and anti-oxidant activities of three Acantholimon species including Acantholimon atropatanum, A. gilliatii and A. tragacanthium. Method: The essential oils of the aerial parts were extracted by hydrodistillation. Chemical constitutions were identified by gas chromatography- mass spectroscopy technique, also their toxicities were assessed against the two important grain products pests, Oryzeaphilus mercator and Tribolium castaneum. Antibacterial activity was assessed against the three foodborne bacteria that include Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus based on the disc diffusion assay. Free-radical-scavenging property was identified based on 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Results: 2-hexahydrofarnesyl acetone was the main compound in A. gilliatii and A. tragacanthium, whilst farnesyl acetone, heptacosane and germacrene D were the principal components of A. atropatanum essential oil. These oils exhibited 40-90% mortality of O. mercator and/or T. castaneum at a dose of 12 μl/l air after 48h of exposure, and exhibited significant free-radicalscavenging property (RC50 = 3.7 × 10-3 - 8.3 × 10-3 mg/ml). The oils of A. tragacanthium and A. gilliatii showed a weaker antibacterial activity compared to A. atropatanum. Conclusion: A. atropatanum, A. gilliatii and A. tragacanthium essential oils had significant insecticidal and anti-oxidant properties. They also showed week to moderate antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus.


Author(s):  
Shna Rasoulpoor ◽  
Shamarina Shohaimi ◽  
Nader Salari ◽  
Aliakbar Vaisi-Raygani ◽  
Shabnam Rasoulpoor ◽  
...  

Planta Medica ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
DE Wedge ◽  
Z Gao ◽  
N Tabanca ◽  
B Demirci ◽  
KHC Baser ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 993-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afaf Weli ◽  
Amna Al-Kaabi ◽  
Jamal Al-Sabahi ◽  
Sadri Said ◽  
Mohammad Amzad Hossain ◽  
...  

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