Study the Effect of Alcoholic Extract of Nigella sativa Seeds on Trichomomas vaginalis In Vitro

The present study included experimental effect of Metronidazole drug and Alcoholic extract of Nigella sativa seeds on T. vaginalis that cultivated on i i Results showed that the numbers of parasite began increasing during a period after 24-48 hrs then began decreasing after 72-96 hrs, so that 72 hrs from growth considered logarithmic phase of T. vaginalis growth. Present results showed poisonous effect of N. sativa alcoholic extract that was prepared in laboratory and imported at concentrations (450, 550, 650 and 750) mg/ml on T. vaginalis by observing gradual decrease of trophozoite numbers with concentrate increase of extracts during growth periods (24, 48, 72 and 96) hrs. Different concentrations of Metronidazole were used as chemical therapy and control model, the results of the drug effects were followed-up daily, where current results showed (after 24 hours of concentration added) a high reduction in number and activity of the parasites at all concentrations of the drug were , p ci lly 150 200 μg/ l, th parasites disappeared completely after 96 hours, also the inhibitory concentration50 (IC50) of the parasit w 100 μg/ l ( ft r 48 h r incubation). The inhibitory effect of N. sativa alcoholic extract on the number and activity of T. vaginalis parasite was noted that the concentrations (450 and 550 mg/ml) were approximated in their effect on parasite growth, while the concentrations 650 and 750 mg/ml were the best in their inhibitory activity for parasite growth after 96 hours of addition. The concentration that causes 50% of death inculture (IC50) was 550 mg/ml (after 72 hours of concentration addition).

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Effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Mushroom Calvatia craniiformis in bone marrow and interferon Gamma in mice

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.10.1.46-55 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 46-55

Author(s):

Baghdad Science Journal

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Toxic Effect ◽

Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Water Extract ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Alcoholic Extract ◽

Acute Toxic Effect ◽

And Control

This research was designed to study the effect of water and alcoholic crude extracts of Calvatia craniiformis in vitro and in vivo On the other hand this study tested the toxic effect of both extracts in normal laboratory mice. The results showed that water and alcoholic extracts relatively have an acute toxic effect in mice in respect to LD50 (85 mg/kg, and 177mg/kg respectively). However the chronic toxicity of water extract at three different concentration (50, 75, 100 mg/kg) and alcoholic extract at concentrations of (100, 150, 200 mg/kg) was investigated in normal mice by (I.P) administration for 30 days alternatively and one drag in 48 hours . The results indicated significant effect (P ? 0.01) increasing in (MI) and (BI) of bone marrow cells and serum IFN-? level. Also both extract caused inhibitory effect in each of (MI) and (BI), however they should significant increase (P ? 0.01) in the serum level of IFN-? but no significant in Phagocytosis and control.

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Stage-dependent effect of deferoxamine on growth of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v76.6.1250.1250 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 76 (6) ◽

pp. 1250-1255 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

S Whitehead ◽

TE Peto

Keyword(s):

Plasmodium Falciparum ◽

Growth Inhibition ◽

Antimalarial Activity ◽

Clinical Malaria ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Parasite Development ◽

And Control ◽

Speed Of Onset

Abstract Deferoxamine (DF) has antimalarial activity that can be demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. This study is designed to examine the speed of onset and stage dependency of growth inhibition by DF and to determine whether its antimalarial activity is cytostatic or cytocidal. Growth inhibition was assessed by suppression of hypoxanthine incorporation and differences in morphologic appearance between treated and control parasites. Using synchronized in vitro cultures of Plasmodium falciparum, growth inhibition by DF was detected within a single parasite cycle. Ring and nonpigmented trophozoite stages were sensitive to the inhibitory effect of DF but cytostatic antimalarial activity was suggested by evidence of parasite recovery in later cycles. However, profound growth inhibition, with no evidence of subsequent recovery, occurred when pigmented trophozoites and early schizonts were exposed to DF. At this stage in parasite development, the activity of DF was cytocidal and furthermore, the critical period of exposure may be as short as 6 hours. These observations suggest that iron chelators may have a role in the treatment of clinical malaria.

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A STUDY OF THE INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF CHICK WHOLE EYE EXTRACT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LENS OF THE CHICK EMBRYO IN VITRO

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z66-065 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 661-676 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Robert P. Thompson

Keyword(s):

Chick Embryo ◽

Nutrient Medium ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Reactive System ◽

Vesicle Formation ◽

Inhibitory Effects ◽

Muscle Extract ◽

Lens Vesicle ◽

And Control

To demonstrate the phenomenon of homologous inhibition by clearly interpretable results in a readily reactive system, experiments were carried out to study the effect of chick whole eye extract on the development of the vesicular lens of the chick embryo in vitro. The heads of embryos of 11 through 13 somites were explanted onto nutrient medium diluted with varying amounts of the extract, and cultured for 30 hours. A total of 35 embryos exposed to concentrations of 1:1, 1:2, and 1:4 (extract to medium) showed complete inhibition of lens vesicle formation. Of a total of 53 embryos on concentrations of 1:8, 1:16, 1:32, and 1:64, more than 50% showed inhibition of vesicle formation. The inhibitory effect disappeared at a concentration of 1:128. Control material exposed to some equivalent concentrations of nutrient medium – saline mixtures showed inhibition of vesicle formation in only 15% of 33 embryos. Of a total of 27 control embryos exposed to ventricular muscle extract, approximately one-third showed inhibition of vesicle formation at concentrations of 1:8 and 1:16, with the inhibitory effect disappearing at 1:32. The implications of this result are discussed. Other factors and control experiments are described and their value is assessed.

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Inhibition of the Formation In Vitro of Putatively Carcinogenic Metabolites Derived from S. haematobium and O. viverrini by Combination of Drugs with Antioxidants

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24213842 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (21) ◽

pp. 3842

Author(s):

Maria João Gouveia ◽

Verónica Nogueira ◽

Bruno Araújo ◽

Fátima Gärtner ◽

Nuno Vale

Keyword(s):

Dna Adducts ◽

Therapeutic Strategy ◽

Drug Repurposing ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Current Treatment ◽

Combination Drugs ◽

Therapeutic Alternatives ◽

And Control ◽

Novel Therapeutic

Infections caused by Schistosoma haematobium and Opisthorchis viverrini are classified as carcinogenic. Although carcinogenesis might be a multifactorial process, it has been postulated that these helminth produce/excrete oxysterols and estrogen-like metabolites that might act as initiators of their infection-associated carcinogenesis. Current treatment and control of these infections rely on a single drug, praziquantel, that mainly targets the parasites and not the pathologies related to the infection including cancer. Thus, there is a need to search for novel therapeutic alternatives that might include combinations of drugs and drug repurposing. Based on these concepts, we propose a novel therapeutic strategy that combines drugs with molecule antioxidants. We evaluate the efficacy of a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent the formation of putative carcinogenic metabolites precursors and DNA adducts. Firstly, we used a methodology previously established to synthesize metabolites precursors and DNA adducts in the presence of CYP450. Then, we evaluated the inhibition of their formation induced by drugs and antioxidants alone or in combination. Drugs and resveratrol alone did not show a significant inhibitory effect while N-acetylcysteine inhibited the formation of most metabolite precursors and DNA adducts. Moreover, the combinations of classical drugs with antioxidants were more effective rather than compounds alone. This strategy might be a valuable tool to prevent the initiation of helminth infection-associated carcinogenesis.

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Signal-transduction protein PII from Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 senses low adenylate energy charge in vitro

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj20110536 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 440 (1) ◽

pp. 147-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Oleksandra Fokina ◽

Christina Herrmann ◽

Karl Forchhammer

Keyword(s):

Signal Transduction ◽

Energy Charge ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Synechococcus Elongatus ◽

Adenylate Energy Charge ◽

Signal Transduction Protein ◽

Signal Transduction Proteins ◽

Synechococcus Elongatus Pcc 7942 ◽

And Control

PII proteins belong to a family of highly conserved signal-transduction proteins that occurs widely in bacteria, archaea and plants. They respond to the central metabolites ATP, ADP and 2-OG (2-oxoglutarate), and control enzymes, transcription factors and transport proteins involved in nitrogen metabolism. In the present study, we examined the effect of ADP on in vitro PII-signalling properties for the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus, a model for oxygenic phototrophic organisms. Different ADP/ATP ratios strongly affected the properties of PII signalling. Increasing ADP antagonized the binding of 2-OG and directly affected the interactions of PII with its target proteins. The resulting PII-signalling properties indicate that, in mixtures of ADP and ATP, PII trimers are occupied by mixtures of adenylate nucleotides. Binding and kinetic activation of NAGK (N-acetyl-L-glutamate kinase), the controlling enzyme of arginine biosynthesis, by PII was weakened by ADP, but relief from arginine inhibition remained unaffected. On the other hand, ADP enhanced the binding of PII to PipX, a co-activator of the transcription factor NtcA and, furthermore, antagonized the inhibitory effect of 2-OG on PII–PipX interaction. These results indicate that S. elongatus PII directly senses the adenylate energy charge, resulting in target-dependent differential modification of the PII-signalling properties.

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Inhibitory effect of dairy products on the mutagenicities of chemicals and dietary mutagens

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029900028478 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 61 (4) ◽

pp. 545-552 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Pierrette Cassand ◽

Hasnaa Abdelali ◽

Christine Bouley ◽

Gerard Denariaz ◽

Jean F. Narbonne

Keyword(s):

Salmonella Typhimurium ◽

Milk Sample ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Antimutagenic Effect ◽

Control Milk ◽

Aflatoxin B ◽

And Control

SummaryThe antimutagenic effects of uninoculated milk and milks cultured with Bifidobacterium or Lactobacillus strains towards the mutagenicity induced by two direct mutagens, 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide and 2-nitrofluorene, and three dietary indirect mutagens, aflatoxin B1, benzo(a)pyrene and quercetin, were investigated using the in vitro Salmonella typhimurium test. Each cultured milk sample and control milk had a significant antimutagenic effect, to an extent varying with the mutagen used. Uninoculated milk had a greater inhibitory effect than cultured milks towards dietary indirect mutagens.

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Tissue distribution of a menthyl-conjugated oligodeoxyribonucleotide antisense to PAI-1 mRNA.

Acta Biochimica Polonica ◽

10.18388/abp.2005_3397 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 52 (4) ◽

pp. 849-856

Author(s):

Janusz Szemraj ◽

Khalid N I Al-Nedawi ◽

Ewa Chabielska ◽

Wlodzimierz Buczko ◽

Zofia Pawlowska

Keyword(s):

Rat Kidney ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Organ Distribution ◽

Ribonuclease Protection Assay ◽

Ribonuclease Protection ◽

And Control ◽

Kidney Liver ◽

Pai 1

The inhibitory effect of numerous analogues of PO-16, an hexadecadeoxyribonucleotide antisense to sequences -22 to -17 of PAI-1 mRNA coding for a fragment of the signal peptide, on the expression of PAI-1 in endothelial cells, and physiological consequences of the subsequently reduced PAI-1 activity tested in vitro and in vivo, were described in our previous studies. Of particular interest was PO-16 5'-O-conjugated with menthyl phosphorothioate (MPO-16R). In this work, tissue localisation of MPO-16R labelled with [(35)S] phosphorothioate at the 3'-end, was determined. [(35)S]MPO-16R and control [(35)S]MPO-16R-SENSE oligonucleotides were administered intravenously into 22 rats and organ distribution of the labelled bioconjugates was assessed after 24 and 48 h. For this purpose, tissue sections were subjected to autoradiography, and quantitated by liquid scintillation after solubilisation. Overall clearance of radioactivity was already seen after 24 h, with the radioactivity recovered mainly in the kidney and liver. A smaller fraction of radioactivity was also retained in the spleen and heart. The kidney concentration of the labelled probe was higher than that of liver by 50%. The distribution of PAI-1 mRNA in untreated rat kidney, liver, spleen and heart established by two independent techniques: Ribonuclease Protection Assay and Real-Time PCR, shows the same pattern as that observed for [(35)S]MPO-16R antisense.

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Clastogenic Effect of Atranorin, Evernic acid, and Usnic Acid on Human Lymphocytes

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1400900419 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 1934578X1400900 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Gordana S. Stojanović ◽

Miroslava Stanković ◽

Igor Ž. Stojanović ◽

Ivan Palić ◽

Vesna Milovanović ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Lymphocytes ◽

Usnic Acid ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Positive Control ◽

Proliferation Index ◽

Culture Solution ◽

Antiproliferative Effects ◽

Clastogenic Effect ◽

And Control

Three lichen secondary metabolites atranorin (1), evernic acid (2), and usnic acid (3), were evaluated for their in vitro clastogenic and antiproliferative effects on human lymphocytes using the cytochalasin-B blocked micronucleus (CBMN) assay at concentrations of 2 μg/mL, 4 μg/mL and 6 μg/mL of final culture solution. The frequency of micronucleus (MN) was scored in binucleated cells, and cytokinesis-block proliferation index (CBPI) was calculated. Among the tested compounds, 3 exhibited the most prominent effect decreasing the frequency of MN in the range of 42.5% - 48.9%, that is about double of the positive control amifostin WR-2721 that reduces MN frequency for 22.0%. The effect of evernic acid was approximately equal to action of amifostin (23.2% −32.9%). Atranorin at concentrations of 2 μg/mL and 4 μg/mL decreasing the frequency of MN only for 11.1% and 1.8%, while in concentration of 6 μg/mL increases the frequency of MN for 9.6 %. The comparable CBPI values of the investigated compounds and control suggested that they did not show a statistically significant inhibitory effect on lymphocyte cell proliferation at applied concentrations.

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Effect of Arak, gall of Quercus infectoriaand Syzgiumaromaticum extracts on the growth and viability ofEntamoeba gingivalis in vitro.

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v9ispl1.1315 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽

Author(s):

Sajida S. Hussein Al-Zako ◽

Ban N. Mohammadali Al-Neamy

Keyword(s):

Medical Treatment ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Alcoholic Extract ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Salvadora Persica ◽

Oak Trees ◽

Oak Tree

After the succession of E.gingivalis cultivation on the DMEMmedium. This study was performedin order to identify the effect ofincreasing concentrations from aqueous and alcoholic extracts of a threeplants,known with their usage for medical treatment to dental and oraldiseases,those are Arak sticks (Salvadora persica), gall of oak tree (Quercusinfectoria) and flowering bud of clove (Syzgium aromaticum)on the viabilityof E. gingivalis.Aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Arak sticks showed a clear effectwith the superiority of the aqueous extract in its impact inhibitory effect onE.gingivalis.The results alsoshowed the existence of a negative and inhibitory impact increasingly on the growth ofE. gingivalis with the increasingconcentrations used of aqueous and alcoholic extracts fromgall of oak andflowering buds of clove, with simple superiority of aqueous extracts onalcoholic one for galls of oak trees and alcoholic extract of the of floweringbuds on aqueous one of buds clove.A clear increasing LT50 and LT90 where gained when using aqueousand alcoholic extracts of three plants with an Arak superiority in theelimination of the parasite, specially the aqueous one with the lower time.

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Synthesis, characterization, biological activities, and catalytic applications of alcoholic extract of saffron (Crocus sativus) flower stigma-based gold nanoparticles

Green Processing and Synthesis ◽

10.1515/gps-2021-0024 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 230-245

Author(s):

Fahad A. Alhumaydhi ◽

Ibrahim Khan ◽

Abdur Rauf ◽

Muhammad Nasimullah Qureshi ◽

Abdullah S. M. Aljohani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Crocus Sativus ◽

Alcoholic Extract ◽

X Ray ◽

Vis Spectroscopy

Abstract Currently, nanotechnology is gaining massive attention compared to conventional methods as the biosynthesis of plant-based nanoparticles is considered safe, effective, and ecofriendly. Therefore, keeping in view the importance of nanotechnology, the present study was designed to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate the biological effectiveness of saffron stigma-based gold nanoparticles (SS-AuNPs) for their in vitro and in vivo biological properties. These gold nanoparticles were characterized by UV–Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The highest antibacterial effect was observed by the saffron extract against Escherichia coli (22 mm). SS-AuNPs significantly inhibited the activity of enzyme urease (54.98%) and CA-II (64.29%). However, the nonsignificant inhibitory effect was observed in the case of α-chymotrypsin. Maximum analgesic (84.98%) and antiinflammatory (88.98%) effects were observed for SS-AuNPs (10 mg/kg). Similarly, SS-AuNPs demonstrated a significant (P < 0.01) sedative effect at all tested doses.

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