scholarly journals Unilateral International Transfers and their Effects on the Welfare of the Recipient and Donor Countries

1987 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-160
Author(s):  
Nadeem A. Burney
Keyword(s):  
Developing Country ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Factor Endowment ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Paradoxical Result ◽  
Capital Transfer ◽  
External Economies Of Scale ◽  
International Transfers

This paper analyses impacts of unilateral income and capital transfers on welfare and terms of trade of the recipient and donor countries within a two-country framework. Introduction of the external economies of scale, helps in explicitly incorporating the differences in factor endowment between developed and developing economies in the analysis. The paper discusses the conditions under which unilateral capital transfer from a developed country may yield paradoxical result, i.e. immiserize the developing country, despite market stability. The analysis reinforces Brecher and Choudhri's analytical support to Singer-Prebisch thesis from a new angle.

scholarly journals Terms-of-trade and counterterrorism externalities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhayu Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Todd Sandler ◽  
Javed Younas
Keyword(s):  
Developing Country ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Terrorist Group ◽  
Small Country ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Developing Nation ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Terrorist Organization

Abstract This article investigates the interplay of trade and terrorism externalities under free trade between a developed nation that exports a manufactured good to and imports a primary product from a developing nation. A terrorist organization targets both nations and reduces its attacks in response to a nation’s defensive counterterrorism efforts, while transferring some of its attacks abroad. Terms-of-trade considerations lead the developed nation to raise its counterterrorism level beyond the ‘small-country’ level, thus compounding its overprovision of these measures. By contrast, the developing nation limits its defensive countermeasures below that of the small-country level. This asymmetry is a novel finding. The analysis is extended to include proactive countermeasures to weaken the terrorist group. Again, the developed country raises its efforts owing to the terms-of-trade externality, which now opposes the underprovision associated with proactive efforts. A second extension allows for several developing-country exporters of the primary product.

scholarly journals Social Influence And Savings Behavior: Evidence From A Developing Country Context

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 56-67
Author(s):  
Eva Mpaata ◽  
Naomy Koskei ◽  
Ernest Saina
Keyword(s):  
Social Influence ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Savings Behavior ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: This paper highlights the relevance of Savings Behavior and the impact of Social Influence on Savings Behavior in a developing country utilizing both life cycle and economic theories Methodology: This paper presents findings from a thorough review of the literature. Relevant articles were reviewed on both savings behavior and social influence. The articles consisted of both contexts developed versus developing. Findings: The findings suggest that from the developed country context, Social Influence positively affects Savings Behavior, which is not the case for the developing economies that show the negative impact of social influence on savings behavior. Therefore, financial education and literacy training are two of the means of encouraging individual self-control in these developing economies despite their vulnerability to social influence to encourage positive savings behavior. Implications: Individuals are encouraged to save, especially during their productive ages, along with their lifespan. This can be done by obligatory deductions for those that are officially employed. Originality/Value: This paper reveals a bibliography theoretical review on Social Influence and Savings Behavior within the developing country context. The paper presents the puzzle about the effect of Social Influence and Savings Behavior in the emerging economy. The majority of savings behavior research undertaken in the developed economies shows the positive effect of social influence on savings behavior, which is not the case in the developing economies.

scholarly journals Globalization Impact on Multinational Enterprises

World ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-230
Author(s):  
Justine Kyove ◽  
Katerina Streltsova ◽  
Ufuoma Odibo ◽  
Giuseppe T. Cirella
Keyword(s):  
Developing Country ◽  
Multinational Enterprises ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Excellent Starting Point ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Impact

The impact of globalization on multinational enterprises was examined from the years 1980 to 2020. A scoping literature review was conducted for a total of 141 articles. Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed typologies were categorized and conclusions were drawn regarding the influence and performance (i.e., positive or negative effects) of globalization. Developed countries show more saturated markets than developing countries that favor developing country multinational enterprises to rely heavily on foreign sales for revenue growth. Developed country multinationals are likely to use more advanced factors of production to create revenue, whereas developing country multinationals are more likely to use less advanced forms. A number of common trends and issues showed corporate social responsibility, emerging markets, political issues, and economic matters as key to global market production. Recommendations signal a strong need for more research that addresses contributive effects in the different economies, starting with the emerging to the developed. Limitations of data availability and inconsistency posed a challenge for this review, yet the use of operationalization, techniques, and analyses from the business literature enabled this study to be an excellent starting point for additional work in the field.

Predictors of Desire to Institutionalization in Dementia Caregivers From a Developing Country

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Preeti Sinha ◽  
Sherin Yohannan ◽  
A. Thirumoorthy ◽  
Palanimuthu Thangaraju Sivakumar
Keyword(s):  
Developing Country ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dementia Caregivers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Caregiver Education ◽  
Sociocultural Differences ◽  
Personal Strain

Older adults with dementia have higher rates of institutionalization than those without dementia. Desire to institutionalization (DTI) is an important factor influencing the actual institutionalization but is less well studied. This cross-sectional study examines the DTI with the scale of same name developed by Morycz, in 1985, in a sample of 50 caregivers of patients with dementia in a tertiary clinical care setting in a developing country. Caregiver burden associated with personal strain (by factor analyzed Zarit Burden Interview scale), and stress perceived out of caregiving (by Perceived Stress Scale) predicted higher DTI. Besides, those who were married had lower DTI scores. The factors which didn’t affect DTI were total caregiver burden, family and social support, age of patient and caregiver, education of caregiver, severity and duration of dementia, and treatment duration. These results were different from those of developed country-based DTI studies and may indicate sociocultural differences.

Clans and Ploughs: Traditional Institutions and Production Decisions of Kazakhs under Russian Colonial Settlement

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Guirkinger ◽  
Gani Aldashev
Keyword(s):  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Nomadic Pastoralism ◽  
Traditional Institutions ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Clan Identity ◽  
Organization Of Production ◽  
Colonial Settlement ◽  
External Economies Of Scale ◽  
Land Pressure

This article investigates how, with increasing land pressure during Russian settlement in Kazakh steppes in the late nineteenth century, clan institutions affected the transition from nomadic pastoralism to settled agriculture. Using a novel dataset constructed from Russian colonial expedition materials matched with clan genealogies, we find that, controlling for geographic factors, clan identity strongly influenced the duration of transhumance period, the organization of production, and the acquisition of new agricultural tools. Information transmission within clans, external economies of scale in nomadic pastoralism, and clan-specific values and norms underlie the results.

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