scholarly journals Hydrocarbon solubilisation by oil and cellulose-degrading Chitinophaga terrae isolated from the rumen.

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 215-225
Author(s):  
Ogochukwu Ann Udume ◽  
Herbert Okechukwu Stanley ◽  
Gideon O Abu
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Rumen Content ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Emulsification Index ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Multiple Substrate

This study investigated the capacity of cellulose and hydrocarbon degrading bacterium isolated from the rumen of a cow to solubilise hydrocarbon. The bacterium was isolated from the rumen fluid of cow and its capacity to degrade cellulose was screened on carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) agar plate and the ability to degrade crude oil was carried out using Bonny Light crude. Solubilisation of hydrocarbon was determined by carrying out emulsification index (E24) using kerosene. Other bio-surfactant characteristics such as blood haemolysis, tilted slide capacity and oil displacement were tested also. The bacterium was identified based on phenotypic, biochemical and molecular characteristics. The isolate achieved 48.17% degradation of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) within 14 days with emulsification index of 54.5%. The isolate also produced clear zone on agar plate containing CMC as the sole carbon source. Phylogenetic tree analyses classified the bacterial isolate as Chitinophaga terrae. The sequences have been deposited to GenBank under the accession number KJ076216.1. This study has demonstrated that the novel strain of Chitinophaga terrae used in this study not only has the capacity for multiple substrate utilization, but also has the capacity to produce bio-surfactant. Considering that the isolate was obtain from the rumen of cow it shows that rumen content may harbour bacteria with diverse economical and ecologically-friendly product, which may be utilized for bioremediation of crude oil contaminated systems.

scholarly journals Nocardioides oleivorans sp. nov., a novel crude-oil-degrading bacterium

2005 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 1501-1504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Schippers ◽  
Peter Schumann ◽  
Cathrin Spröer
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Diamino Acid ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

The crude-oil-degrading strain BAS3T represents a novel Nocardioides species, according to a taxonomic study. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain BAS3T was most similar to that of Nocardioides ganghwensis (IMSNU 14028T; 99 % similarity), but the DNA–DNA relatedness to this type strain was only 32 %. The physiological properties of strain BAS3T differ from those of N. ganghwensis (IMSNU 14028T) and other species of Nocardioides. The diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan of strain BAS3T is ll-diaminopimelic acid and the major menaquinone is MK-8(H4). The name Nocardioides oleivorans sp. nov. is proposed for the novel Nocardioides species, since its type strain, BAS3T (=DSM 16090T=NCIMB 14004T), is able to degrade crude oil.

Volatility transmission across international markets amid COVID 19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hechem Ajmi ◽  
Nadia Arfaoui ◽  
Karima Saci
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
International Markets ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Volatility Transmission ◽  
Oil Markets ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Death Cases

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the volatility transmission across stocks, gold and crude oil markets before and during the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis. Design/methodology/approach A multivariate vector autoregression (VAR)-Baba, Engle, Kraft and Kroner generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity model (BEKK-GARCH) is used to assess volatility transmission across the examined markets. The sample is divided as follows. The first period ranging from 02/01/2019 to 10/03/2020 defines the pre-COVID-19 crisis. The second period is from 11/03/2020 to 05/10/2020, representing the COVID-19 crisis period. Then, a robustness test is used using exponential GARCH models after including an exogenous variable capturing the growth of COVID-19 confirmed death cases worldwide with the aim to test the accuracy of the VAR-BEKK-GARCH estimated results. Findings Results indicate that the interconnectedness among the examined market has been intensified during the COVID-19 crisis, proving the lack of hedging opportunities. It is also found that stocks and Gold markets lead the crude oil market especially during the COVID-19 crisis, which explains the freefall of the crude oil price during the health crisis. Similarly, results show that Gold is most likely to act as a diversifier rather than a hedging tool during the current health crisis. Originality/value Although the recent studies in the field focused on analyzing the relationships between different markets during the first quarter of 2020, this study considers a larger data set with the aim to assess the volatility transmission across the examined international markets Amid the COVID-19 crisis, while it shows the most significant impact on various financial markets compared to other diseases.

Methanobacterium lacus sp. nov., isolated from the profundal sediment of a freshwater meromictic lake

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (Pt_7) ◽  
pp. 1625-1629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Borrel ◽  
Keith Joblin ◽  
Annie Guedon ◽  
Jonathan Colombet ◽  
Vincent Tardy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Meromictic Lake ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Lake Pavin

An autotrophic, hydrogenotrophic methanogen, designated strain 17A1T, was isolated from the profundal sediment of the meromictic Lake Pavin, France. The cells of the novel strain, which were non-motile, Gram-staining-negative rods that measured 2–15 µm in length and 0.2–0.4 µm in width, grew as filaments. Strain 17A1T grew in a mineral medium and its growth was stimulated by the addition of yeast extract, vitamins, acetate or rumen fluid. Penicillin, vancomycin and kanamycin reduced growth but did not completely inhibit it. Growth occurred at 14–41 °C (optimum 30 °C), at pH 5.0–8.5 (optimum pH 6.5) and with 0–0.4 M NaCl (optimum 0.1 M). The novel strain utilized H2/CO2 and methanol/H2 as substrates but not formate, acetate, methylamine/H2, isobutanol or 2-propanol. Its genomic DNA G+C content was 37.0 mol%. In phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain 17A1T appeared to be a member of the genus Methanobacterium , with Methanobacterium beijingense 8-2T (96.3 % sequence similarity) identified as the most closely related established species. Based on phenotypic and phylogenetic data, strain 17A1T represents a novel species of methanogen within the genus Methanobacterium , for which the name Methanobacterium lacus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 17A1T ( = DSM 24406T = JCM 17760T).

scholarly journals Efficiency and Kinetics of Assam Crude Oil Degradation by Pseudomonas Aeruginosa AKS1 and Bacillus Sp. AKS2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bobby Chettri ◽  
Ningombam Anjana Singha ◽  
Arvind Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Oil Degradation ◽  
Biodegradation Rate ◽  
Emulsification Index ◽  
Crude Oil Degradation ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract We report kinetics of Assam crude oil degradation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa AKS1 and Bacillus sp. AKS2, both isolated from Assam refinery sediments. The isolates exhibited appreciable degrees of hydrophobicity, emulsification index and biosurfactant production. Crude oil degradation efficiency of isolates was assessed in (1) liquid medium amended with 1% v/v crude oil and (2) microcosm sediments (125 mg crude oil/ 10 g sand). In liquid culture, the biodegradation rate (k) and half-life (t1/2) values were found to be 0.0383 day -1 and 18.09 days for P. aeruginosa AKS1, and 0.0204 day -1 and 33.97 days in case of Bacillus sp. AKS2. In microcosm sand sediments, the estimated biodegradation rate (k) and half-life (t 1/2) values were 0.0138 day -1 and 50 days for P. aeruginosa AKS1, and 0.0113 day -1 and 61.34 days in case of Bacillus sp. AKS2. The level of nutrient treatment in microcosm sand sediment was 125 µg N & 62.5 µg P/g sediment in case of P. aeruginosa AKS1 and 375 µg N & 37.5 µg P/g sediment in case of Bacillus sp. AKS2. In microcosms without inorganic nutrients, biodegradation rate (k) and half-life (t1/2) values were found to be 0.0069 day -1 and 100 days for P. aeruginosa AKS1 and for Bacillus sp. AKS2, the respective values were found to be 0.0046 day -1 and 150.68 days. Our data provides important information for predictive hydrocarbon degradation in liquid medium and contaminated sediments.

scholarly journals Genome Sequences of the Novel Porcine Parvovirus 3, Identified in Guangxi Province, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhong ◽  
Xiangmin Li ◽  
Zekai Zhao ◽  
Chunjing An ◽  
Peng Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Porcine Parvovirus ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Guangxi Province ◽  
Genome Sequences

Porcine parvovirus 3 is a novel parvovirus that infects pigs. Here, we report two genome sequences of porcine parvovirus 3 strains GX1 and GX2, which are highly prevalent in Guangxi province. It will help in understanding the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of the porcine parvovirus 3.

Use of a cohorting-unit and systematic surveillance cultures to control a Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)–producing Enterobacteriaceae outbreak

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 767-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison E. Reeme ◽  
Sarah L. Bowler ◽  
Blake W. Buchan ◽  
Mary Beth Graham ◽  
Elizabeth Behrens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Index Patient ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae Carbapenemase ◽  
Surveillance Cultures

AbstractObjective:Describe the epidemiological and molecular characteristics of an outbreak of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)–producing organisms and the novel use of a cohorting unit for its control.Design:Observational study.Setting:A 566-room academic teaching facility in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.Patients:Solid-organ transplant recipients.Methods:Infection control bundles were used throughout the time of observation. All KPC cases were intermittently housed in a cohorting unit with dedicated nurses and nursing aids. The rooms used in the cohorting unit had anterooms where clean supplies and linens were placed. Spread of KPC-producing organisms was determined using rectal surveillance cultures on admission and weekly thereafter among all consecutive patients admitted to the involved units. KPC-positive strains underwent pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and whole-genome sequencing.Results:A total of 8 KPC cases (5 identified by surveillance) were identified from April 2016 to April 2017. After the index patient, 3 patients acquired KPC-producing organisms despite implementation of an infection control bundle. This prompted the use of a cohorting unit, which immediately halted transmission, and the single remaining KPC case was transferred out of the cohorting unit. However, additional KPC cases were identified within 2 months. Once the cohorting unit was reopened, no additional KPC cases occurred. The KPC-positive species identified during this outbreak included Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae complex, and Escherichia coli. blaKPC was identified on at least 2 plasmid backbones.Conclusions:A complex KPC outbreak involving both clonal and plasmid-mediated dissemination was controlled using weekly surveillances and a cohorting unit.

scholarly journals 190 Reduce Reuse ReRumen: Preservation method of rumen fluid collected from slaughtered cattle affects in vitro digestibility

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 66-67
Author(s):  
Taylor J Garcia ◽  
Jeffrey A Brady ◽  
Kimberly A Guay ◽  
James P Muir ◽  
William B Smith
Keyword(s):  
Batch Culture ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Rumen Content ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Constant Weight ◽  
Preservation Methods ◽  
Preservation Method ◽  
Pass Through

Abstract Microbes and chemical constituents in the rumen fluid play an important role when re-establishing the rumen microbial population. Identification of a viable preservation method could have lasting implication of veterinary and research applications. Our objective was to determine the efficacy of preservation methods on rumen liquor. Twelve paunch samples were collected from slaughtered cattle at the Tarleton State University Meat Laboratory, Stephenville, TX. Rumen content was collected from different locations within the rumen, strained through eight layers of cheesecloth, and divided into five 500-mL aliquots. Aliquots were randomly allocated to one of five preservation methods (freezing or lyophilisation) and preservative (glycerol; yes or no). A fresh control was maintained from each sample. Three reference feeds and two roughage sources were used in the batch culture procedure. Reference feeds were dried to a constant weight at 55°C and ground to pass through a 2-mm screen. Ground samples were subjected to batch culture in vitro true digestibility (IVTD) assays using each of the four ruminal fluids (plus the control) for digestibility estimates. Original samples and incubated residues were assayed for DM, CP, NDF, and ADF. Data were analyzed in a 2 × 2 + 1 augmented factorial design using GLIMMIX procedure of SAS. There were no differences (P > 0.05) in IVTD when using protein or energy feeds; however, there were differences in IVTD for all treatments for fiber concentrates and forage reference feeds. Despite lower degradation of feeds when frozen or lyophilized rumen fluid was used, preserved rumen fluid may be a viable option in the absence of fresh inoculum for veterinary and research applications

scholarly journals Molecular Characteristics of the Novel Intermediate Filament Protein Paranemin

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (51) ◽  
pp. 32489-32499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip M. Hemken ◽  
Robert M. Bellin ◽  
Suzanne W. Sernett ◽  
Bruno Becker ◽  
Ted W. Huiatt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Filament ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Intermediate Filament Protein ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Filament Protein

scholarly journals Fermentation pattern of the rumen and hindgut inocula of sheep grazing in an area polluted from the non-ferrous metal industry

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 66-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Váradyová ◽  
K. Mihaliková ◽  
S. Kišidayová ◽  
P. Javorský
Keyword(s):  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Ferrous Metal ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Metal Industry ◽  
Rumen Content ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Ferrous Metal Industry

In vitro study of the rumen fluid (RF) and hindgut content (HC) fermentation by microbiota taken from sheep grazing in an area atmospherically polluted from the non-ferrous metal industry was conducted and compared with controls from an uncontaminated area (UA). The experimental sheep were exposed to the prolonged intake of heavy metals by grazing in the contaminated area (CA) for one year. Soil and grass from that area and the rumen content of sheep were analyzed for heavy metal levels. Based on the levels of mercury (4.752 mg/kg), copper (232.9 mg/kg), cadmium (1.167 mg/kg), lead (92.509 mg/kg) and arsenic (74.59 mg/kg) the soil was categorized as profusely contaminated. Meadow hay (MH) from UA was used as a tested substrate of fermentation activity; it was incubated with buffered RF and HC inocula from CA and UA for 24 h. The gas volume in CA was significantly decreased by 50 and 36% in RF and HC, respectively. The methane production in CA was significantly decreased by 77 and 71% in RF and HC, respectively. The significantly decreased values of the fermentation parameters in CA in comparison with UA were accompanied by the reduced (P < 0.01) total concentration of rumen ciliate protozoa.  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document