scholarly journals Analisa Karakteristik Dan Distribusi Hujan Pada Kawasan DAS Batang Hari Kabupaten Dharmasraya

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Hartati -
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Intensity Data ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Rainfall Distribution ◽  
Thiessen Polygon ◽  
Curve Method ◽  
Log Normal ◽  
Polygon Method

Batang Hari is the 2nd biggest DAS in Indonesia. About 76% of Batang Hari DAS is located in Jambi Province, the entire 24%is in West Sumatera Province. Batang Hari dam which was built on 1997 is one of infrastrcture at Public Work ministery under management at Balai Wilayah Sungai Sumatera V (BWSS V) his high potential of water stock. Optimum discharge of Batang Hari Dam is about 86 m3/sec. In the recently years DAS Batang Hari has been disturbed by some changes like catchment area utilized fot other purpose, change on global climate done to greenhouse effectwhich causingintensity of rain as well as flood. This climate change then will affected standard for engineering design for making a water control buiding which may injuireaccurate waterfall intensity data. Study of rainfall intensity obtained from 3 (three) nearby stations will show the characteristic dam trend of distribution with reperted period. Cousistency of data using Mass Curve method and local rain analysis to be done by Arithmatic & Thiessen Polygon method. To analysis trend of rainfall distribution. We use : Normal, Log Normal, Log Person type III and Gumbel methods. For complaince test of distribution, we use Chi-Kuadrat and Smirnov-Kolmogorov methods. Refer to result of distribution using Chi-Kuadrat and Smirnov-Kolmogorov methods for Arithmatic methods it is adviced to use Gumbel method to evaluate distribution trend; because critical deviation is smell comparing to available in table, with rainfall with repeating period 2,5,10,25,50 and 100 years are 124,08 mm, 1168,56 mm, 198,01 mm, 235,22 mm, 262,83 mm, 290,23 mm and Thiessen Polygon 106,93 mm, 138,22 mm, 158,94 mm, 185,11 mm, 204,53 mm, 223,81 mm

scholarly journals Analysis of Variability in Rainfall Patterns in Greater Rajshahi Division using GIS

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-149
Author(s):  
M Shamsuzzoha ◽  
A Parvez ◽  
AFMK Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Distribution ◽  
Contour Lines ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Thiessen Polygon ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Rainfall Patterns ◽  
Polygon Method

The study entitled ‘Analysis of Changes in Rainfall Patterns in Rajshahi Division using GIS’ is an experimental climatological research. The main objectives of the study is to examine the long-term changes in rainfall patterns of Rajshahi Division. Secondary data of rainfall distribution have been collected from Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD), Dhaka. The study has analysed monthly, seasonal and annual rainfall distribution pattern from 1962 to 2007 of five selected weather stations namely Bogra, Dinajpur, Ishurdi, Rajshahi and Rangpur. For convenience of analysis, the data has been divided into two halves of time period as 1962-1984 and 1985-2007. Based on GIS, the study gifts the spatial analysis of rainfall patten using Thiessen Polygon Method, Isohytal and Hytograph Method and Percentage Method. It has been found that there is evidence of annual rainfall change with an increasing pattern in Bogra, Dinajpur, Rajshahi and Rangpur. In these four stations, the changing pattern in Rangpur is the highest. Downward shift of annual rainfall shows a decreasing pattern in Ishurdi. The descending order of monthly and seasonal rainfall pattern for Ishurdi, Rajshahi and Rangpur has been found as July > June > September >August > October > April > March > February > November > December. Although Bogra and Dinajpur have contained this trend in the same order from July to March, anomalies pattern has been found for last four months. The seasonal variation of rainfall has been established as Monsoon > Pre – Monsoon > Post Monsoon > Winter for all those five stations. Evaluating the rainfall contour lines, it has been found that the rainfall annually varies from 1542.1 mm to 2235.8 mm in Rajshahi Division. The average number of rainy days in this region mostly varies from 86 to 112 days per year.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v7i2.22223 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 7(2): 141-149 2014

scholarly journals Analisa Distribusi Curah Hujan di Area Merapi Menggunakan Metode Aritmatika Dan Poligon

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Lashari - ◽  
Rini - Kusumawardani ◽  
Ferdian - Prakasa
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Gumbel Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Partial Sums ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Rainfall Distribution ◽  
Thiessen Polygon ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Log Normal

Watershed (DAS) at the peak of Merapi is very interesting to examine in case of the relation with debris flow due to vomit material from Mount Merapi. In this article reveals the pattern of rainfall distribution, the difference in precipitation every month, rainfall for the period of 5 years, 10 years, 25 years, and 50 years in the area of Merapi and its effect on the behavior of a watershed in the Merapi area. In this study, the rainfall data validity test was conducted by RAPS (rescaled Adjusted Partial Sums). Analysis of the region rain is calculated using arithmetic method or average Algebra and Thiessen Polygon. While Gumbel Distribution, Normal Distribution, Log-Normal Distribution and Distribution Log-Pearson III was used to analyze the pattern of rainfall distribution. Furthermore, to determine the appropriate distribution patterns were analyzed using the chi-squared test and test-Kolmogorof Smirnov. Calculate the intensity of rainfall at a specific time duration using the formula Mononobe.Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) yang berada di puncak merapi sangat menarik untuk diteliti mengenai keterkaitannya dengan fenomena debris flow material akibat muntahan dari gunung Merapi. Pada artikel ini mengungkapkan mengenai pola distribusi curah hujan, perbedaan curah hujan setiap bulan, curah hujan untuk periode ulang 5 tahunan, 10 tahunan, 25 tahunan, dan 50 tahunan di Area Merapi dan pengaruhya terhadap perilaku DAS di area Merapi. Dalam penelitian ini uji kevalidan data hujan dilakukan dengan metode RAPS (Rescaled Adjusted Partial Sums). Analisis hujan wilayah dihitung menggunakan Metode Aritmatika atau Rata-rata Aljabar dan Poligon Thiessen. Sedangkan Distribusi Gumbel, Distribusi Normal, Distribusi Log-Normal, dan Distribusi Log-Pearson III digunakan untuk menganalisis pola distribusi curah hujan. Selanjutnya untuk mengetahui pola distribusi yang sesuai dianalisa menggunakan Uji Chi Kuadrat dan Uji Smirnov-Kolmogorof. Menghitung intensitas hujan pada durasi waktu tertentu menggunakan rumus Mononobe.

scholarly journals Groundwater Balance Study in the High Barind, Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 11-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
AHM Selim Reza ◽  
Quamrul Hasan Mazumder ◽  
Mushfique Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Groundwater Storage ◽  
Balance Study ◽  
Groundwater Balance ◽  
Thiessen Polygon ◽  
Storage Potential ◽  
Polygon Method ◽  
Annual Discharge

The annual groundwater recharge and discharge of aquifer of the Sapahar and Porsha Upazillas is estimated by Thiessen polygon method varies from 106.41 to 244 Mm3 and 93.77 to 291 Mm3 respectively. The calculated groundwater recharge of aquifer of the study area shows that the rate of groundwater recharge of aquifer in Porsha Upazilla is higher than that of Sapahar Upazilla and is characterized by very suitable groundwater storage potential. The overall groundwater balance study in the study area indicates that there exists a balance between annual recharge and withdrawal up to 1993 but after period of 1993 discharge exceeds the recharge continuing till today. But hereforth a cumulative annual deficit is found to exist because of progressive annual discharge in Sapahar Upazilla. 23.99 to 42.08 Mm3 of groundwater is discharged by discharging mechanisms. The rest of groundwater is discharged by natural seepage. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/rujs.v39i0.16539 Rajshahi University J. of Sci. 39, 11-26 (2011)

scholarly journals الخصائص الطبوغرافية وتقدير كمية الحصاد المائي في قاع الجفر

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-259
Author(s):  
ميسون الزغول ميسون الزغول
Keyword(s):  
Thiessen Polygon ◽  
Polygon Method

يُعد قاع الجفر التكتوني الأكبر في هضبة الأردن الجنوبية، ويحتل الجزء الأوسط من محافظة معان، وتبلغ مساحته 12400 كم²، ليشكل ما نسبته 37.7? من المساحة الكلية لمحافظة معان البالغة 32832 كم². وقد تشكل هذا الحوض نتيجة لسلسلة من الحركات التكتونية. وتُعد ظاهرة القيعان، ومناطق الانتشار المائي من أهم الأشكال الأرضية التي تميزه. والأهداف الأساسية لهذه الدراسة تمثلت في تحليل الخصائص الطبوغرافية، وتأثيرها على أنماط الأشكال الأرضية، وتقدير كمية الحصاد المائي في هذه المنطقة. وتم اشتقاق القيعان اعتماداً على الخريطة الطبوغرافية بمقياس 1: 50000، والصورة الفضائية لعام 2018وجاءت أبرز النتائج كما يلي: (1)- تميز التوزع الجغرافي للقيعان بالتركز في ثلاثة مناطق أساسية، على الرغم من انتشار القيعان على مساحة نسبتها 51% من مساحة منطقة الدراسة.(2)- تم اشتقاق 462 قاع جاف بمساحة قدرها 422.2كم²، والتي تُشّكل ما نسبته 3.4% من المساحة الكلية لمنطقة الدراسة، مع وجود اختلافات ذات دلالة في مساحاتها ما بين المساحة الصغيرة جداً حوالي 988,م² إلى الأكبر مساحة والمتمثلة بقاع الجفر والبالغة مساحتها250.1كم².(3)- أوضحت نتائج التحليل المكاني للقيعان أنها تتركز في المناطق ذات الارتفاعات ما بين 833-1047 م وبمتوسط ارتفاع 868.6م، وانحدار تراوح ما بين 0°-13°. Thiessen polygon method (4) تقدير معدل الأمطار المساحية الموزونة اعتماداً على نموذج معدل الأمطار للعام المطري 2016/2017 حوالي 6097.393 ملم، ومعدل عمق المياه في كافة القيعان حوالي 130.255 ملم خلال تلك السنة.

scholarly journals Simulation of mineral dust aerosol with piecewise log-normal approximation (PLA) in CanAM4-PAM

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 26477-26520
Author(s):  
Y. Peng ◽  
K. von Salzen ◽  
J. Li
Keyword(s):  
Climate Model ◽  
Normal Approximation ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Global Climate Model ◽  
Dust Aerosol ◽  
Radiative Properties ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Surface Measurements ◽  
Log Normal ◽  
Year 2000

Abstract. A new size-resolved dust scheme based on the numerical method of piecewise log-normal approximation (PLA) was developed and implemented in the fourth generation of the Canadian Atmospheric Global Climate Model with the PLA Aerosol Module (CanAM4-PAM). The total simulated annual mean dust burden is 37.8 mg m−2 for year 2000, which is consistent with estimates from other models. Results from simulations are compared with multiple surface measurements near and away from dust source regions, validating the generation, transport and deposition of dust in the model. Most discrepancies between model results and surface measurements are due to unresolved aerosol processes. Radiative properties of dust aerosol are derived from approximated parameters in two size modes using Mie theory. The simulated aerosol optical depth (AOD) is compared with several satellite observations and shows good agreements. The model yields a dust AOD of 0.042 and total AOD of 0.126 for the year 2000. The simulated aerosol direct radiative forcings (ADRF) of dust and total aerosol over ocean are −1.24 W m−2 and −4.76 W m−2 respectively, which show good consistency with satellite estimates for the year 2001.

scholarly journals Cropping System Intensification for Increasing Crop Productivity in Salt-Affected Coastal Zones of Bangladesh

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Rina Rani Saha ◽  
Md. Alimur Rahman ◽  
Md. Hafijur Rahman ◽  
Mohammed Mainuddin ◽  
Richard Bell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Climate ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Average Intensity ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Cropping Patterns

In Global Climate Risk Index 2019, Bangladesh has been ranked seventh among the countries most affected by extreme weather events. The salinity intrusion has increased by 27% from 1973 to 2009 in coastal areas of Bangladesh due to impacts of climate change. The cropping intensities of the coastal zones are below than the country’s average intensity (195%), which causes severe food insecurity. In southern coastal zone, soil and water (river/canal) salinity remain the minimum (<4 dS/m) during in July/August but attain the maximum (upto 11 and 25 dS/m, respectively) in March/April. Farmers grow single T.aman rice a year. Therefore, five cropping patterns were tested under ACIAR funded project in Amtali (Barguna district) and Dacope (Khulna) upazilas during 2016–2017 and 2017–2018 irrigating with low salinity surface water (canal/pond) to increase crop productivity. In Amtali, T.aman-Potato-Mungbean-T.aus cropping pattern gave the highest (20.18 t/ha) rice equivalent yield (REY), which increased 360% REY over the farmers’ practice (T.aman-fallow-fallow). However, in Dacope, T.aman-spinach-fallow showed the highest REY (13.99 t/ha) that increased 211% REY compared to farmers’ practice. The improved cropping patterns can be practiced within the polder (embankment for water control) for increasing crop productivity and profitability in salt-affected coastal zones of Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Modelling sea salt aerosol and its direct and indirect effects on climate

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 14939-14987 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Ma ◽  
K. von Salzen ◽  
J. Li
Keyword(s):  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Global Climate Model ◽  
Sea Salt ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Sea Salt Aerosol ◽  
Direct Forcing ◽  
Log Normal

Abstract. A size-dependent sea salt aerosol parameterization was developed based on the piecewise log-normal approximation (PLA) for aerosol size distributions. Results of this parameterization from simulations with a global climate model produce good agreement with observations at the surface and for vertically-integrated volume size distributions. The global and annual mean of the sea salt burden is 10.1 mg m−2. The direct radiative forcing is calculated to be −1.52 and −0.60 W m−2 for clear sky and all sky, respectively. The first indirect radiative forcing is about twice as large as the direct forcing for all-sky (−1.34 W m−2). The results also show that the total indirect forcing of sea salt is −2.9 W m−2 if climatic feedbacks are taken into account. The sensitivity of the forcings to changes in the burdens and sizes of sea salt particles was also investigated based on additional simulations with a different sea salt source function.

scholarly journals The Impact of Global Climate Change to Climate Condition of Bengkulu Watershed, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 325 ◽  
pp. 08010
Author(s):  
Gita Ivana Suci Lestari Faski ◽  
Ignasius Loyola Setyawan Purnama
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Actual Evapotranspiration ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Thiessen Polygon ◽  
Temperature Potential ◽  
The Impact

Global climate change that occurred in this century can affect the pattern of rain and increase in temperature on earth. This study aims to determine and analyze the increase in rainfall, air temperature, potential evapotranspiration and actual evapotranspiration in the Bengkulu watershed. For this reason, the regional rainfall is calculated using the Thiessen Polygon, the mean air temperature of the watershed based on the median elevation, potential evapotranspiration using the Thornthwaite Method and actual evapotranspiration using the basis of the difference in rainfall to potential evapotranspiration. The results showed that every year there was an increase in rainfall, air temperature, potential evapotranspiration and actual evapotranspiration in the Bengkulu Watershed. In the 2009-2013 period, the average annual rainfall of 3,581 mm increased to 3,641 mm in the 2014-2018 period. For air temperature, the average monthly air temperature in the Bengkulu Watershed for the 2009-2013 period was 25.8°C, while the air temperature in the 2014-2018 period was 26.1°C. This means that in a period of 5 years there is an increase in temperature of 0.3°C. Furthermore, due to the increase in air temperature, there was an increase in the average monthly potential evapotranspiration from the 2009-2013 period to the 2014-2018 period, namely from 1,493 mm to 1,537 mm, while for actual evapotranspiration there was an increase from 1,486 mm to 1,518 mm.

scholarly journals Analisis Sistem Drainase Untuk Menanggulangi Banjir pada Kecamatan Jambi Timur

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Fakhrul Rozi Yamali ◽  
Amri Syakban ◽  
Eko Sugianto
Keyword(s):  
Digital Elevation Model ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Annual Maximum ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Log Normal ◽  
Annual Maximum Series

Permasalahan yang terjadi pada sistim drainase Kecamatan Jambi Timur yaitu setiap tahunnya selalu tergenang air, khususnya pada musim penghujan. Pada sejumlah saluran drainase, begitu hujan besar terjadi air meluap keluar dan menggenangi ruas jalan. Faktor yang mempengaruhi daya tampung air tersebut, salah satunya adalah banyak saluran yang sudah menebal endapan lumpurnya.Dalam analisa curah hujan untuk menentukan debit banjir rencana, data curah hujan yang dipergunakan adalah curah hujan maksimum tahunan (Annual Maximum Series). Untuk perhitungan curah hujan rencana, digunakan Metode Distribusi Normal, Distribusi Log Normal, Distribusi Log–Pearson III dan Distribusi Gumbel. Untuk  hujanyang terjadi selama 5 menit sampai 2 jam, persamaan intensitas durasi hujan menggunakan Rumus Talbot, Ishiguro, dan Sherman. Luas area daerah tangkapan (Catchment Area) didapat dengan menggunakan Software Global Mapper 12 berdasarkan data Digital Elevation Model SRTM_57_13. Penggunaan Metode Rasional pada daerah pengaliran dengan beberapa sub daerah pengaliran dapat dilakukan dengan pendekatan nilai C gabungan atau C rata–rata. Adapun rumusan perhitungan debit rencana menggunakan Metode Rasional. Nilai debit rencana akan dibandingkan dengan nilai debit kapasitas yang telah dianalisa berdasarkan analisis hidrologi dan hidrolika. Jika nilai Debit Kapasitas (Qsaluran) lebih kecil dari nilai Debit Rencana (Qrencana), maka dilakukan dimensi ulang saluran drainase.

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