scholarly journals Power factor correction in power delivery systems with mutipulse nonlinear loads

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3-15
Author(s):  
D. E. Egorov ◽  
V. P. Dovgun ◽  
N. P. Boyarskaya ◽  
A. V. Jan ◽  
A. S. Slyusarev
Keyword(s):  
Power Factor ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Power Factor Correction ◽  
Reactive Power Compensation ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Power Delivery ◽  
Nonlinear Loads ◽  
Compensating Devices

THE PURPOSE. Мutipulse rectifiers are widely used as a nonlinear loads in industrial distribution systems. The advantage of mutipulse rectifiers is low harmonic emission and high power factor. However input currents of mutipulse rectifiers have a wide spectrum including characteristic and noncharacteristic harmonics. This has a negative impact on the power quality. Shunt capacitors are the simplest form of reactive power compensation in industrial power distribution systems. However power systems with nonlinear loads suffer from severe harmonic distortion due to the parallel resonance between capacitors and system inductance. Special compensating devices for reactive power compensation and correction of power system frequency response for resonances damping are necessary. METHODS. In this paper shunt compensating devices for power delivery systems with multipulse nonlinear loads are considered. Proposed devices are composed of 3-5 order parallel connected passive broadband filters. They provide power factor correction, voltage and current harmonics mitigation and resonance modes damping. A general broadband filter design procedure based on frequency and reactive power scaling of normalized filter parameters is developed. RESULTS. Characteristics of different compensating devices configurations using broadband passive filters are discussed. It is shown that broadband filtering devices enable compensation of fundamental frequency reactive power as well as mitigation of voltage harmonic level to values determined by Russian and international standards. Proposed devices have lower fundamental power losses in c omparing with known solutions. CONCLUSION. Proposed analytical design method is applicable to broadband filters of different orders.

scholarly journals Simulating and Building an Appliance Clustering Fuzzified SVC for Single Phase System

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
Osama Ahmed ◽  
Abdul Wali Abdul Ali
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Power Factor Correction ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Reactive Power Compensation ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Smart Meter ◽  
Power Monitoring ◽  
Compensating Devices

A power system suffers from losses that can cause tragic consequences. Reactive power presence in the power system increases system losses delivered power quality and distorted the voltage. As a result, many studies are concerned with reactive power compensation. The necessity of balancing resistive power generation and absorption throughout a power system gave birth to many devices used for reactive power compensation. Static Var Compensators are hunt devices used for the generation or absorption of reactive power as desired. SVCs provide fast and smooth compensation and power factor correction. In this paper, a Fuzzified Static Var Compensator consists of Thyristor Controlled Reactor (TCR) branch and Thyristor Switched Capacitors branches for reactive power compensation and power factor correction at the load side is presented. The system is simulated using Simulink using a group of blocks and equations for measuring power factor, determining the weightage by which the power factor is improved, determining the firing angle of TCR branch, and capacitor configuration of TSC branches. Furthermore, a hardware prototype is designed and implemented with its associated software; it includes a smart meter build-up for power monitoring, which displays voltage, current, real power, reactive power and power factor and SVC branches with TRIAC as the power switching device. Lastly, static and dynamic loads are used to test the system's capability in providing fast response and compensation. The simulation results illustrated the proposed system's capability and responsiveness in compensating the reactive power and correcting the power factor. It also highlighted the proportional relation between reactive power presence and the increased cost in electricity bills. The proposed smart meter and SVC prototypes proved their capabilities in giving accurate measurement and monitoring and sending the data to the graphical user interface through ZigBee communication and power factor correction. Reactive power presence is an undesired event that affects the equipment and connected consumers of a power system. Therefore, fast and smooth compensation for reactive power became a matter of concern to utility companies, power consumers and manufacturers. Therefore, the use of compensating devices is of much importance as they can increase power capacity, regulate the voltage and improve the power system performance.

scholarly journals Performance of Three Level H-Bridge Inverter in Grid Connected Solar PV for Multifunctional Operations using Different Control Techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1942-1950
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Power Factor Correction ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Nonlinear Loads ◽  
Nonlinear Load ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Active And Reactive Power

This paper presents multifunctional operation capability of three level cascade H bridge inverter for grid connected solar pv application. The solar panel and inverter are modelled for unbalance and nonlinear loads with three control techniques (pq,dq,cpt) and its performance is simulated in the MATLAB environment using SIMULINK and Sim Power System (SPS) toolboxes. The performance of inverter is evaluated for harmonics elimination, power factor correction apart from active and reactive power support to grid and nonlinear load .Performance of three level H bridge inverter is evaluated for both PV mode and STATCOM mode using three control techniques for distribution grid.

scholarly journals Microcontroller Based Automatic Power Factor Correction for Single-Phase Lagging and Leading Loads

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 6515-6520
Author(s):  
B. M. Rija ◽  
M. K. Hussain ◽  
A. M. Vural
Keyword(s):  
Power Factor ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Power Factor Correction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Major Power ◽  
Zero Crossing ◽  
Phase Angle Difference ◽  
Electrical Distribution Systems

Power Factor (PF) correction is a major power quality function in electrical distribution systems. This paper proposes a low-cost Automatic Power Factor Correction (APFC) system to increase the PF of both lagging and leading single-phase loads. The Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller was used to calculate the PF and activate the relays that connect the capacitor/inductor banks to the load in parallel. Thus, the required capacitive or inductive reactive power was produced by the APFC system by automatically connecting the capacitor/inductor banks to the load in parallel. The APFC system can also measure and display many electrical parameters of the load such as the rms voltage, the rms current, PF, and the real, reactive, and apparent power on an LCD display. Two zero-crossing detector circuits are used to find the phase angle difference between voltage and current waveforms of the load. The measurement ability of the APFC system was tested for resistive, inductive, and capacitive loads with two different sizes. The measurement results were compared with the measurements of a commercial digital power meter and a measurement error of less than 8.0% was observed. The PF correction ability of the APFC system was verified for inductive and capacitive loads with two different sizes. The experiments show that the PF increased to close to unity for both lagging and leading loads.

Design and Implementation of a Solar Panel Inverter as STATCOM Compensator

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mutaz Alnahhas ◽  
Abdul Wali Abdul Ali
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Power Factor Correction ◽  
Pi Controller ◽  
Reactive Power Compensation ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Solar Array ◽  
Smart Meter ◽  
Static Synchronous Compensator

A power system suffers from different losses, which can cause tragic consequences. Reactive power presence in the power system increases system losses delivered power quality and distorts the voltage. As a result, many researches are concerned with reactive power compensation. Moreover, reactive power should not be transmitted through a transmission line to a longer distance. Thus, Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices such as static synchronous compensator (STATCOM), static volt-ampere compensator (SVC), and unified power flow controller (UPFC) are utilized to overcome these issues. The necessity of balancing resistive power generation and absorption throughout a power system becomes a big concern in the electrical systems for reactive power compensation. Static synchronous compensator STATCOM is a shunt device used for the generation or absorption of reactive power as desired. STATCOM provides smooth and fast compensation and power factor correction. In this thesis, a solar Static synchronous compensator takes the DC input from the solar panel and inverted utilizing an H-bridge inverter. This topology is used for reactive power compensation and power factor correction at the load side. The simulation was done using MATLAB Simulink simulation tools. The system model was built using a single solar array for DC input and controlled using perturbation and observe method to maximize its power output. The STATCOM model was built using for high power MOSFETs to perform H- bridge inverter. The STATCOM was controlled using a hysteresis band current control using a PI controller to inject the current into the system. A hardware prototype of STATCOM was built and controlled using an Arduino microcontroller. The simulation results have demonstrated the STATCOM model of reactive power compensation and correcting the power factor under different loads of conditions. It also highlighted the proportional relation between reactive power presence and the increased cost of electricity bills. The proposed smart meter of STATCOM gives accurate reading and measurement. Overall, the simulated results showed a satisfactory level of compensation of reactive power and power factor correction. The system contained three significant parts; solar array, H- bridge inverter, and the PI controller. The smart meter circuit was capable of displaying readings regarding input solar voltage, current, and power factor on the LCD screen.

scholarly journals Power factor correction using capacitors & filters

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.12) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Karthik Subramanian ◽  
Shantam Tandon
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Phase Difference ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Power Factor Correction ◽  
Active Filters ◽  
Minimum Amount ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
The Real ◽  
Electrical Consumption

Power factor is the ratio of the real current or voltage received by a load to the root mean square (rms) value of the current or voltage that was supposed to be acquired by the same load. The fact that the two become different is due to the presence of reactive power in the circuit which gets dissipated.Improving the power factor means reducing the phase difference between voltage and current. Since majority of the loads are of inductive nature, they require some amount of reactive power for them to function. Therefore, for the better use of electrical appliances with minimum amount of electrical consumption, the power factor should necessarily be increased and should be brought near to 1. This can be easily done by the help of Automatic Power Factor Correction Capacitors and Active filters.  

Power Quality Issues and Solutions – Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh Mikkili ◽  
Anup Kumar Panda
Keyword(s):  
Power Quality ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Nonlinear Loads ◽  
Broad Perspective ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Quality Issues

Abstract Electrical power quality has been an important and growing problem because of the proliferation of nonlinear loads such as power electronic converters in typical power distribution systems in recent years. Particularly, voltage harmonics and power distribution equipment problems result from current harmonics produced by nonlinear loads. The Electronic equipment like, computers, battery chargers, electronic ballasts, variable frequency drives, and switch mode power supplies, generate perilous harmonics and cause enormous economic loss every year. Problems caused by power quality have great adverse economic impact on the utilities and customers. Due to that both power suppliers and power consumers are concerned about the power quality problems and compensation techniques. Power quality has become more and more serious with each passing day. As a result active power filter gains much more attention due to excellent harmonic and reactive power compensation in two-wire (single phase), three-wire (three-phase without neutral), and four-wire (three-phase with neutral) ac power networks with nonlinear loads. However, this is still a technology under development, and many new contributions and new control topologies have been reported in the last few years. It is aimed at providing a broad perspective on the status of APF technology to the researchers and application engineers dealing with power quality issues.

Reactive Power Compensation of Oilfield Distribution Systems Based on Tabu Search Algorithm

2013 ◽  
Vol 397-400 ◽  
pp. 1113-1116
Author(s):  
Xiao Meng Wu ◽  
Wang Hao Fei ◽  
Xiao Mei Xiang ◽  
Wen Juan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Power Loss ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Global Optimum ◽  
Reactive Power Compensation ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Voltage Range ◽  
Shunt Capacitors

In order to solve the problem in reactive power compensation of oilfield distribution systems at present, a Taboo search algorithm is proposed in this paper, by which the optimal location and size of shunt capacitors on distribution systems are determined. Then the voltage profile is improved and the active power loss is reduced. In this paper, Voltage qualified is used as objective function to search an initial solution that meets the voltage constraints so that it is feasible in practicable voltage range; then the global optimum solution can be got when taking the reduced maximum of active power loss as objective unction. The examples show that the improved algorithm is feasible and effective.

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