scholarly journals Michel de Certeau: Thinking What Happens to Us (Translated from French by: Elena Rudneva)

2018 ◽  
pp. 44-60
Author(s):  
F. Euvé
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Spiritual Experience ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Main Field ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Past ◽  
Michel De Certeau ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Current Events

This article presents the intellectual approach of an important thinker of the contemporary world, Michel de Certeau (1925-1986), to show its coherence. At the first look his work seems confusing: it addresses both the mystical phenomena of the past and the daily life of his contemporaries. His interests are multifaceted: he was at the same time theologian, historian, sociologist, philosopher of history. His work is a permanent research in a world in perpetual transformation. Although his main field of research was history, his first works dealt with theological problems. The interest of M. de Certeau begins by the analysis of mysticism as a phenomenon characteristic of the beginning of modern times. This leads him to take a broader interest in history as a set of events that cannot be reduced to a “system”. The spiritual experience of that period offers a clue to understanding current events. A significant part of M. de Certeau’s works deals with the problem of “modernity” and “everyday life”. There is a will to “think about event”. In the last part of his life, he works on the anthropology of the everyday life of “ordinary” people, in order to show the capacity they have to “invent” their existence by “tinkering” with the materials they receive. The religious dimension permeates all his work, his religious themes embrace both historical and contemporary Christianity. Christianity is for him the “religion of event”. That is why it must always remain open to meeting the other. Throughout his creativity Michel de Certeau shows a great concern for the singularity of every person, spiritual experience, interrelations with others.

scholarly journals Asexuals negotiate the ‘onslaught of the heteronormative’

Sexualities ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 136346072199338
Author(s):  
Tiina Vares
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
The Past ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Research Gap

Although theorizing and research about asexuality have increased in the past decade, there has been minimal attention given to the emotional impact that living in a hetero- and amato-normative cultural context has on those who identify as asexual. In this paper, I address this research gap through an exploration of the ‘work that emotions do’ (Sara Ahmed) in the everyday lives of asexuals. The study is based on 15 individual interviews with self-identified asexuals living in Aotearoa New Zealand. One participant in the study used the phrase, ‘the onslaught of the heteronormative’ to describe how he experienced living as an aromantic identified asexual in a hetero- and amato-normative society. In this paper I consider what it means and feels like to experience aspects of everyday life as an ‘onslaught’. In particular, I look at some participants’ talk about experiencing sadness, loss, anger and/or shame as responses to/effects of hetero- and amato-normativity. However, I suggest that these are not only ‘negative’ emotional responses but that they might also be productive in terms of rethinking and disrupting hetero- and amato-normativity.

Fyodor Fyodorovich Martens (1845–1909) a humanist of modern times

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (312) ◽  
pp. 300-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Pustogarov
Keyword(s):  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Mutual Aid ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Record ◽  
Peace And War ◽  
The Ideal

In the history of humankind, no matter how far back we look into the past, peaceful relations between people and nations have always been the ideal, and yet this history abounds in wars and bloodshed. The documentary evidence, oral tradition and the mute testimony of archaeological sites tell an incontrovertible tale of man's cruelty and violence against his fellow man. Nevertheless, manifestations of compassion, mercy and mutual aid have a no less ancient record. Peace and war, goodneighbourly attitudes and aggression, brutality and humanity exist side by side in the contemporary world as well.

Research of the motivation and long-term objectives of Bulgarian and Serbian students

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Borukova ◽  
Vladimir Kotev
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Educational Development ◽  
Variation Analysis ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The University ◽  
Personal Assessment

Education is an activity requiring lengthy efforts and perseverance, as well as skills for acquiring information and its creative usage. All this is based on prolonged motivation, directly related to the improvement of the educational development and the consecutive professional realization. Long-term objectives serve as coordinating terms leading to particular goals in the everyday life and thus, behaviour could be rationalized and directed in a longer prospective towards both the past and the future. The aim of the present study is to survey the opinion and personal assessment of the long-term motivation of students from NSA “Vassil Levski”, Sofia and students from Nish, Serbia. The research was conducted from November 2016 to May 2017. It was done among 96 students (45 fourth-year students at NSA and 51 students from the University in Nish). The students had to fill out a test consisting of 10 questions related to their personal assessment of their long-term motivation. The results of the study were processed mathematically and statistically by: variation analysis, relative share, comparative analysis of two independent samples and comparative analysis of the frequency distributions with χ² – the Pearson criterion.According to the generalized conclusions, a higher percentage of the Bulgarian students is directed towards long-term objectives and prospects than the percentage of the Serbian students. Women are more motivated in their long-term development than men but there are not statistically significant differences along all the questions. Athletes’ motivation is higher than the average one for the whole population. We believe, however, that the motivation changes in the course of the studies and we assume it is higher for the students who are about to graduate.

VISUALIZATION OF SOVIET CHILDHOOD IN DRAWINGS BY EUGENIYA DVOSKINA

2020 ◽  
pp. 96-115
Author(s):  
Zhanna V. Umanskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Visual Sociology ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Soviet Ideology ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Artistic Skill

The author explores ways to visualize the everyday life of the Brezhnev period’s soviet childhood in a Eugeniya Dvoskina’s drawings cycle «#forthosewhoremember». Comparing the artist’s work with other modern visual nostalgic projects, the significance of the selected source is justified: this cycle allows us to give an idea of the visual environment of the child, typical kinds of the children’s territory, public and private areas in the collective memory of the generation. Based on the methodology of visual sociology (P. Shtompka, O.V. Gavrishina), the author analyzes the reasons for the cycle’s perception of the older generation as uniquely “Soviet” and raises the question about markers of “Soviet childhood”. The universality and heritability of many children’s practices makes them timeless, so the design of the material world and symbols of Soviet ideology are main signs of the historical era. Compositional and graphic solutions of images play an important role for the viewer’s perception. Knowledge of nature and artistic skill allows the artist to create heroes with accurate behavioral characteristics and evokes, in addition to visual, almost all types of sensory memory (tactile, motor, audio). The use of accompaniment text, often in the form of speech formulas, is crucial for this effect. If we consider this cycle in the logic of S.”Boym’s reasoning about nostalgia, drawings about soviet childhood can be attributed to the procedural type of nostalgia, which is characterized by irony and contradictory attitude to the past. Eugeniya Dvoskina’s work provides a complex multi-faceted visualization of the everyday life of Soviet childhood in the 60–80s of the XX century.

Coming to Everyman

2019 ◽  
pp. 119-142
Author(s):  
Steven J. Osterlind
Keyword(s):  
Probability Theory ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Calculus Of Variations ◽  
Celestial Mechanics ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Morality Play

This chapter focuses on how quantification began to increase in the everyday life of ordinary people, who are represented in this chapter by the allegorical figure “Everyman” (from the fifteenth-century anonymous morality play Everyman). It discusses the invention of the chronometer and explores the effect that the increasing availability of luxury items such as sugar, as well as the quantifying ideas that were coming into use at that time, had on the general populace. The chapter then introduces Pierre-Simon Laplace, who assiduously worked to bring the newly formed probability theory to Everyman, especially through his efforts on the orthodrome problem in Traité de mécanique céleste (Celestial Mechanics), his ideas on scientific determinism (symbolized by “Laplace’s demon”), and his General Principles for the Calculus of Probabilities. The chapter also introduces Joseph-Louis Lagrange, whose work on the calculus of variations had a great influence on Laplace.

scholarly journals Dominion, Stewardship and Reconciliation in the Accounts of Ordinary People Eating Animals

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 669
Author(s):  
Anna Sofia Salonen
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Everyday Lives ◽  
The Everyday

Despite the growing popularity of vegetarian foods and diets, the vast majority of people in North America and other parts of the affluent world still eat meat. This article explores what ordinary people think about eating animals and how they navigate the ethical questions inherent in that praxis. Drawing from interviews with 24 people living in Ottawa, Canada, the study shows how the concepts of dominion, stewardship and reconciliation manifest in the everyday lives of ordinary people as models for human relations with nonhuman others and the environment. These ideas resonate in the lives of ordinary people, both religious and nonreligious, and entwine as people try to make sense of how to live with the fact that their everyday food consumption causes suffering and harm. This study shows that in the context of everyday life, dominion, stewardship and reconciliation are not alternative views, but connected to each other, and serve different purposes. The study highlights a need for analyses that constitute practical ways to renew the broken relationships within creation and which incorporate nonreligious people into the scope of analyses that focus on the relationships between humans and nonhuman creation.

Alltagsgeschichte: A New Social History “From Below”?

1989 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 394-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
David F. Crew
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Past History ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Book Market ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The Masses

There is an insatiable demand in the Federal Republic for accounts of the past that allow contemporary Germans to identify with the forgotten joys and sorrows of ordinary people. Just about anything “thrown onto the (book)market” may include the word Alltag in its title. Trade union and SPD adult education programs, Volkshochschulen and youth associations teach “lay historians” how to retrieve the traces of their “lost past.” “History workshops” (Geschichtswerkstätten), inspired by the leftist-populism of the Greens and often dedicated to a politically subversive reconstruction of forgotten local histories, have sprung up all over West Germany. But despite this wave ofpopular enthusiasm, Alltagsgeschichte has not degenerated, as some critics feared, into an “entertaining, but naive and sentimental, low-German mini-series” Serious practitioners of Alltagsgeschichte have never been cintent to engage in the unexamined retrieval of the most obscure details of the everyday lives of the masses (die Vielen). Indeed, Alltagsgeschichte has challenged the theoretical and methodological hegemony of Strukturgeschichte within the German historical “guild” (Zunft) and it has campaigned for the construction of a radically new paradigm of social historical research. Alltagsgeschichte originally emerged from the dissatisfactions of a younger generation of social historians with the ”structural” social history (Strukturgeschichte) constructed by Hans-Ulrich Wehler, Jurgen Kocka, and the Bielefeld “school” in the late 1960s and early 1970s.

The Past Embedded in Everyday Life

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-102
Author(s):  
Alexandre Belmonte
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Everyday

Abstract The Andean experience of the everyday is affected markedly by respect and reverence for tradition, for teachings of the past, and for myths that explain and simplify reality. This article reflects on the uses of ancient rituals in Bolivia today, in the context that Xavier Albó named “the return of the Indian.”

scholarly journals Impacts of Historical Pandemics on India: Through the Lens of 20th Century Hindi Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 294-314
Author(s):  
Prachi Priyanka
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Hindi Literature ◽  
The Ganges

India has been swept by pandemics of plague, influenza, smallpox, cholera and other diseases. The scale and impact of these events was often cataclysmic and writers offered a glimpse into the everyday life of ordinary people who lost their lives and livelihoods and suffered the angst and trauma of mental, physical and emotional loss. This paper focuses on the devastation caused by pandemics especially in the Ganges deltaic plains of India. Through selected texts of 20th century Hindi writers – Munshi Premchand, Phanishwar Nath Renu, Suryakant Tripathi Nirala, Bhagwan Das, Harishankar Parsai, Pandey Bechan Sharma – this paper aims to bring forth the suffering and struggles against violence, social injustices and public health crises in India during waves of epidemics and pandemics when millions died as they tried to combat the rampant diseases.

scholarly journals The The Daily Life of Contemporary Mothers – Between Social Expectations, the Sense of Duty and the Individual Experience of Motherhood

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (54) ◽  
pp. 63-73
Author(s):  
Monika Lewicka
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Narrative Interview ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Ideal

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to present the dilemmas of everyday life of contemporary mothers related to society’s expectations of motherhood and their individual experiences. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The research problem was the (re)construction of everyday life of modern mothers during a pandemic. The narrative interview technique was used in the research. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: This article analyzes how mothers experience motherhood during a pandemic against the background of social transformations. The issue of everyday life as an important category was presented in the considerations contained in the article below. Then, the methodological assumptions and research results focused on the issues of the multiplicity of choices in the present day and the difficulties associated with them, as well as the everyday life of mothers, were presented. The article ends with reflections on the situation of mothers in the context of contemporary challenges. RESEARCH RESULTS: A conclusion can be drawn about the positioning of motherhood between the traditional and modern pattern of the ideal mother. First of all, mothers feel tired of the seriousness of the role they play, and from fulfilling which many people can “hold them accountable”. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The conducted research shows interesting conclusions pointing to changes related to the perception of the role of the mother in modern times. They contribute to the undertaking of more extensive research on the need for (re) construction of motherhood.

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