scholarly journals N.A. Berdyaev and M. Scheler: Philosophical and Anthropological Approaches to the Problem of Theodicy

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 143-159
Author(s):  
Kirill A. Martemianov
Keyword(s):  
Religious Orientation ◽  
World History ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Max Scheler ◽  
Main Obstacle ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
The World ◽  
God's Call ◽  
Insight Into

The article considers the approaches to theodicy’s problem of Russian and German philosophers with clear religious orientation: Nikolai Alexandrovich Berdyaev and Max Scheler. However, for more explicit insight into our topic we found, the article provides the general overview of theodicy tradition (Augustine, Thomas Aquinas, Leibniz). Standpoints of these thinkers living in different epochs are linked by the steady belief in a reasonability of the world created by God. The main obstacle to acceptance of this argumentation is the problem of evil’s existence. The way of thinking that has the goal to demonstrate the world’s perfectness presumes either necessity of evil as a mean (for good’s revealing) or the evil’s insignificance or even its illusiveness, which is the result of “too human” perspective. Such ways of thought have become impossible since the second half of 19th century, when the concrete person’s experience (not a separated from it thought) had been recognized as a main source of philosophy. In Russian culture, this attitude became widespread after F.M. Dostoevsky, in German culture – after F. Nietzsche. Berdyaev and Scheler inherit the impulse of their thought. Distinctive feature of religious philosophies of Berdyaev and Scheler (compared to early Christian and Western philosophical and theological traditions) is conceptualization of the assertion of God’s need in human being, for God is in the process of becoming, is in the inner move toward full self-realization. And human being, who is capable to adopt or to reject the God’s “call,” is the crucial stage of God’s formation. For this tradition of theodicy, exactly human creative act and the direction of this act have the main role in world history.

The image of man in the Koran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Esfahani
Keyword(s):  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Relationship With God ◽  
Complex Dimensions ◽  
Basic Meaning ◽  
The World ◽  
Insight Into

This article provides an insight into Koranic anthropology and looks at the essence of man in his relationship with God. Here the author starts from the term insān as one of several terms for »man« occurring in the Koran, which, according to the representation of the Arabic lexicographer al-Ḫalīl ibn Aḥmad al-Farāhīdī (d. ca. 791) in the Kitāb al-ʿain, refers back to the three-radical root n-s-y with the basic meaning »forget«. With the term insān al-ʿain, literally »the man of the eye«, which in Arabic denotes the pupil, he shows that seeing, perceiving and cognizing are essential characteristics of human beings which, on closer examination, include forgetting, since human beings can only see and recognize what they are actually looking at, while everything else is inevitably forgotten. The author considers this meaning in the context of some fundamental verses of the Koran, which clarify the complex dimensions of the human being in his relationship to God and the world, in order to finally show that man is capable of assuming the highest and lowest levels of being, depending on his degree of perception and knowledge.

scholarly journals A intencionalidade na perspectiva histórico-existencial

Sofia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-209
Author(s):  
João A. Mac Dowell
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Being And Time ◽  
Human Being ◽  
The World ◽  
Fundamental Insight ◽  
Insight Into

Resumo: O artigo apresenta a concepção heideggeriana de intencionalidade, à luz da compreensão da transcendência do aí-ser (Dasein) como ser-no-mundo em Ser e tempo. Insiste em que tal concepção só pode ser bem apreendida a partir da intuição fundamental do filósofo sobre o sentido de ser do aí-ser e consequentemente do ser como tal.  Trata-se da abordagem do ser-humano como vida fáctica ou existência histórica em contraposição a todo o pensamento metafísico com suas distinções sensível/inteligível e sujeito/objeto. Palavras-chave: sentido de ser; pensar fenomenológico-hermenêutico; metafísica; existência histórica; intencionalidade; transcendência   Abstract: The article presents the Heideggerian view of intentionality, in the light of the Dasein`s transcendence as Being-in-the-world in Being and Time. It stresses that such a view can only be well grasped from Heidegger`s fundamental insight into the meaning of Dasein`s Being and hence of Being as such. This insight implies the approach of human being as factical life or historical existence in opposition to all metaphysical thinking with its sensible/intelligible and subject/object distinctions. Key-words: Meaning of Being; phenomenological-hermeneutic thinking; metaphysics; historical existence; intentionality; transcendence

The Picture of the World in al-Bīrūnī’s ‘Pharmacognosy’

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gotthard Strohmaier
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
World History ◽  
Botanical Nomenclature ◽  
Small Talk ◽  
The World ◽  
Classical Language ◽  
Insight Into

In his huge ‘Pharmacognosy’ the universal scholar al-Bīrūnī (973–1048) equates, in 1116 paragraphs, about 4500 names of medicinal plants, and also foodstuffs, in 27 languages. Before the introduction of an internationally recognised botanical nomenclature this kind of literature served a practical need. Al-Bīrūnī’s work is now a mine of information for the linguist and also for world history. It testifies, for example, to the fact that the spoken Greek vernacular of the time had become already quite different from the classical language. Thus, the Byzantine emperors in their efforts to defend their state helped to conserve a cultivation of the humanities, which would have disappeared under Muslim rule. In the article on ‘capers’, al-Bīrūnī also offers a rare insight into a seemingly relaxed bit of small talk between Constantinus VII and an Arab ambassador.

scholarly journals سیرت نبوی ﷺ ایک تحقیقی جائزہ

rahatulquloob ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
Tariq Ali Shah ◽  
Dr. Abdul Qadoos
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
Life Story ◽  
World History ◽  
Knowledge Gap ◽  
Human Being ◽  
World Knowledge ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

Prophet Hood consists of guidance from Allah to humankind. It is a Allah given blessing and a favor that is bestowed on an individual chosen be Him to convey His message, which cannot be acquired or earned otherwise. There has never been a human being so well-respected, loved and followed as Muhammad (SAW), the final messenger of Allah. There has never been a person who has changed world history so dramatically as Muhammad (SAW) and his message. The Prophet (SAW) was the single most important person in the history of the world. Knowledge of the Prophetic Biography is necessary for every Muslim and sharing it with everyone is a responsibility. The importance of a complete biography of the Messenger as available to us cannot be under estimated in this troubled time since both Muslims as well as Non-Muslims have serious knowledge gap when it comes to even approaching the nature of the Final Prophet and the Ultimate Messenger of God sent to all of humanity, who came to restore the primordial religion of Man, the submission to Allah and His Commands. Muhammad (SAW) serves as: - Allah’s messenger and prophet to all mankind as an example of human behavior and noble character Therefore, in studying his life-story we should derive lessons and morals that can help us in our lives today.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE HATI SUHITA NOVEL BY KHILMA ANIS: RELIGIOUS ASPECTS OF HUMAN RELATIONS WITH SELF

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Ilmu Hamimah
Keyword(s):  
Human Being ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Religious Attitudes ◽  
Religious Attitude ◽  
Religious Dimension ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right ◽  
Religious Aspects ◽  
Insight Into

  Becoming a perfect human is something that cannot happen in the world. However, being a human being who strives and is determined to be perfect is something that can be achieved with all the conviction of the heart and requests for straightness on the path of Alah SWT. accompanied by self-effort towards true goodness. This can be referred to as the religious dimension of one's self to oneself. Instilling a strong religious character and heart readiness to go to the right path. The power of religious character over oneself can be applied in a variety of circumstances. Like being happy, sad, disappointed, impressed or so on. This situation really proves how much a person uses a religious attitude towards oneself. The following article contains several pieces of religious attitudes towards oneself that can add to our insight into this dimension of attitude.

Cengiz Han’ın İktisat Düşüncesi ve Mirası

2021 ◽  
pp. 149-170
Author(s):  
Mehmet Tuğrul ◽  
Cem Korkut
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
World History ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
State Administration ◽  
The World ◽  
Single State ◽  
Mongol Empire

"The first date the Mongolian name was used in historical sources is the VII. century. Mongols were considered an insignificant tribe in this period. The use of the Mongolian name as a state and dynasty coincides with the period of Genghis Khan. Mongols had very close relations with the Turks during the periods when they emerged as a political power, and these two nations were influenced by each other in many ways during the Great Hun, Göktürks and Uyghurs periods. The period when the Mongols played their main role in the world history scene was during the Mongol Empire established by Temüjin. Temüjin gathered the Mongol tribes under a single state administration and received the title of Genghis Khan. The spreading momentum at the time of Genghis Khan enabled the Mongols to establish one of the largest empires in history. So much so that this empire dominated about a quarter of the world. Most researchers tend to explain these expansionist activities of Genghis Khan and his legacy for the successors with barbarism and brute force. However, this explanation is inadequate not only in many respects but also in terms of understanding Genghis Khan’s economic activities and the administrative system he established. The most important reason for this is that the sources related to Genghis Khan period are mostly insufficient. In this study, existing sources will be examined from the perspective of economic history. In addition, the Laws of Genghis Khan (Yassa) will be analyzed in terms of economy. This study analyzes the economic activities of Genghis Khan and the economic structure of the Mongol Empire at that time."

The Politics of Paradise: Augustine's Exegesis of Genesis 1–3 Versus that of John Chrysostom

1985 ◽  
Vol 78 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 67-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Pagels
Keyword(s):  
Human Being ◽  
Gregory Of Nyssa ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
John Chrysostom ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Genesis 1

Is a human being capable of self-government? Christians who defied the Roman government that hounded them as criminals emphatically answered yes. Early Christian spokesmen, like Jews before them and the American colonists long after, claimed to find in the biblical creation account divine sanction for declaring their independence from governments they considered corrupt and arbitrary. Unlike its Babylonian counterpart, the Hebrew creation account of Genesis 1 indicates that God gave the power of earthly rule to adam—not to the king or emperor, but simply to “mankind” (and some even thought this might include women). Most Christian apologists from the first through the fourth centuries would have agreed with Gregory of Nyssa who, following the lead of rabbinic tradition, explains that after God created the world “as a royal dwelling place for the future king” he made humanity “as a being fit to exercise royal rule” by making it “the living image of the universal King.”

The Red Cross in the USSR and the World: History and Prospects

1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (265) ◽  
pp. 379-383
Author(s):  
Dmitry D. Venedictov
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
World History ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Human Suffering ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
The Past ◽  
Look Back ◽  
The World ◽  
125Th Anniversary ◽  
Insight Into

Public attention is being focused worldwide on the 125th anniversary of the International Red Cross, a milestone in the evolution of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement.When celebrating an anniversary, it is customary to look back into the past for a clearer understanding and appraisal of the present, and to gain insight into the future. This is particularly important as regards the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement, which is one of the most significant manifestations of humanism, symbolizing the recognition that society must uphold human dignity as the supreme universal value, and the desire to avert or relieve human suffering and safeguard human life and health.

Ultrastructure of neuromuscular relationships in the canine heartworm (dirofilaria immitis)

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 278-279
Author(s):  
W. L. Steffens ◽  
Nancy B. Roberts ◽  
J. M. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Structural Description ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Canine Heartworm ◽  
The World ◽  
Synaptic Region ◽  
Muscle Innervation ◽  
Insight Into

The canine heartworm is a common and serious nematode parasite of domestic dogs in many parts of the world. Although nematode neuroanatomy is fairly well documented, the emphasis has been on sensory anatomy and primarily in free-living soil species and ascarids. Lee and Miller reported on the muscular anatomy in the heartworm, but provided little insight into the peripheral nervous system or myoneural relationships. The classical fine-structural description of nematode muscle innervation is Rosenbluth's earlier work in Ascaris. Since the pharmacological effects of some nematacides currently being developed are neuromuscular in nature, a better understanding of heartworm myoneural anatomy, particularly in reference to the synaptic region is warranted.

The problem of periodization of the history of religion

1997 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Borys Lobovyk
Keyword(s):  
Religious Studies ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Religious Development ◽  
History Of Religion ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Role Of Religion

An important problem of religious studies, the history of religion as a branch of knowledge is the periodization process of the development of religious phenomenon. It is precisely here, as in focus, that the question of the essence and meaning of the religious development of the human being of the world, the origin of beliefs and cult, the reasons for the changes in them, the place and role of religion in the social and spiritual process, etc., are converging.

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