A Beginning to Existing: Understanding Colin Wilson’s “Outsiderism” in ‘Ritual In The Dark’ - An Eastern Perspective

The phenomenon of “Outsiderism” found in the works of Colin Wilson has both individual and social implications which are intrinsically evolutionary. Wilson takes a stock of this ‘evolutionary man’ and concludes that ‘outsider is a god in making. The ‘Outsider’ is a state of consciousness which recognizes both duality and non-duality, but strives to leave the former and hold the later. Like an Eastern Yogi, these ‘outsiders’ have a strong recognition that life in its ‘ordinariness’ generates ennui which is bereft of any meaning and purpose. They indulge in all such actions, though momentarily, with intent of bringing intensity to their consciousness. Wilson contends that human energy can manifest in all possible negative and positive forms, but in the outsider state, these energies begin to integrate which leads to the realization that mankind’s freedom lies in religious attitude wherein a human being reconnects with its inner sources. It is interesting to understand the complex character of the “outsider” that Wilson has created in both his fiction and non-fiction and hold him as an alter ego to the eastern sannyasin, who having some glimpses of the other modes of being and torn by his own inner and outer conflicts is desperate to cast off the slough of his trivial worldly existence and metamorphose into a god. This paper is an attempt to understand the Wilsonian outsider with specific reference to the novel ‘Ritual in the Dark.’ The study will be carried out from the perspective of Eastern mysticism so as to find out, whether such outsiders are Western sannyasins engaged in a similar self-quest, and who having traversed through myriad realms of their physical and psychological beings are beginning to exist.

Religious Attitude of the Muslim Community of Lombok Island in the Covid-19 Pandemic Season

The Covid-19 pandemic has an impact on changes in the human lifeline, including the pattern of worship of religious people at large. Religious practices that are carried out regularly and implemented in special places are undergoing a shift. The practice of communal worship involving many worshippers is limited at home by involving people who are also limited. This article aims to explain the shift in the way of worship of the people of Lombok Island related to the Covid-19 that hit the world today. The study also exposed a new form of habit in Muslim religious practices due to the pandemic on Lombok island. This article shows that changes in worship patterns are the result of emergencies and the choice to continue to carry out their duties as devout believers. The limitations of the worship space are avoided by adjusting it to government policy. Policies regarding social distancing and adherence to health protocols are an effort to prevent the spread of the virus. In a religious context, it is part of a life-saving effort so it must be obeyed. The new normal requires Muslims to conform and change new habits (new habitus) in carrying out religious practices (prayers). For example, there is a shaf distance, wearing a mask, bringing prayer mats and other equipment needed when praying in the mosque, preparing hand sanitizer in each house of worship, and routinely checking the body temperature of worshippers visiting the mosque and always referring to health protocols guided by Maqosid Assyariah.

The Selbständigkeit of the Essence: Michel Henry and the Meaning of Philosophical Knowledge

This paper deals with a research hypothesis tying the legacy of German idealism to the first foundation of Michel Henry’s “phenomenology of life”. Based on a series of archive documents, the paper reconstitutes the hermeneutical horizon in contrast with which the young Henry (1946–1963) defined his conception of phenomenology, philosophy, and religion, i.e., the French existential–Hegelian debate (Wahl, Kojève). The reconstitution of this dialogue between the young Henry and the French Hegelianism of the 20th century will provide the theoretical framework for the analysis of the “religious attitude” in Henry’s philosophy and in his attempt to rethink the transcendental connection between phenomenality and (philosophical) discourse.

The Effect of Religiousity and Emotional Intelligence on the Performance of the Management of the Student Organization with Motivation as Intervening Variable

Islamic Boarding School is a life-oriented Islamic education institution that emphasizes the importance of having a religious attitude and good emotional intelligence in students as a form of motivation that supports good performance and brings the good name of the Islamic boarding school. This study aims to prove how the direct and indirect influence of Religiosity and Emotional Intelligence on performance with motivation as an intervening variable. The sample in this study was the member of the Student Organization of Modern Islamic Boarding School Nurul Hakim Tembung, totaling 47 people. The method used in this research is a quantitative approach using path analysis with multiple linear regression models with SPSS version 20. The results of this study found that religiosity does not affect motivation. Emotional intelligence has a significant effect on motivation. Motivation does not affect performance. Indirectly Religiosity does not affect performance through motivation. Emotional intelligence indirectly does not affect performance through motivation. Religiosity, Emotional Intelligence, Motivation, Performance.

ANALYSIS OF THE HATI SUHITA NOVEL BY KHILMA ANIS: RELIGIOUS ASPECTS OF HUMAN RELATIONS WITH SELF

Becoming a perfect human is something that cannot happen in the world. However, being a human being who strives and is determined to be perfect is something that can be achieved with all the conviction of the heart and requests for straightness on the path of Alah SWT. accompanied by self-effort towards true goodness. This can be referred to as the religious dimension of one's self to oneself. Instilling a strong religious character and heart readiness to go to the right path. The power of religious character over oneself can be applied in a variety of circumstances. Like being happy, sad, disappointed, impressed or so on. This situation really proves how much a person uses a religious attitude towards oneself. The following article contains several pieces of religious attitudes towards oneself that can add to our insight into this dimension of attitude.

Inter-Environmental Collaboration to Form Students’ Attitudes toward Diversity

An excellent religious attitude can direct students to think and act following the religious values they adhere to in their personal and social lives. This study aimed to analyze the environmental factors in the formation of students' attitudes toward diversity. This study used a qualitative method. The data had been obtained from all informants at SDIT Muhammadiyah, SD Trihasil, and MI Nahdlatul Ulama that met the specified requirements. The data had been collected through interviews, observation, and documentation techniques to be analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the factors forming students' attitudes toward diversity were the family environment, school environment, and community environment. For example, factors that formed the religious attitude of SD Trihasil students were religious education and the family environment. The parents provided religious education through daily habituation and invited their children to daily and monthly recitation. On the other hand, factors that formed students' attitudes toward diversity at SDIT Muhammadiyah were the family through habituation and the Muhammadiyah organization. Furthermore, students’ attitudes toward diversity MI Nahdatul Ulama were influenced by family factors and their community. Thus, internal and external environmental factors influence the students’ attitudes toward diversity.

The Role of Pai Teachers in Building Children's Religious Attitudes In the Industrial Revolution 4.0

This article examines the role of PAI teachers to build the religious attitude of the children of the 4.0 Industrial era in MI Ma'arif Bego. The purpose of this research is to discuss (1) the role of PAI teachers in establishing the religious attitude of the children’s industry-era 4.0 in MI Ma'arif Bego. (2) The supporting and inhibiting factor in establishing the religious attitude of the child of the industrial era 4.0. Methodology in this research using the type of field research study and qualitative approach. The data collection technique based on observations and interviews. As for the conclusion of this research is: 1) the role of teachers PAI in establishing the religious attitude of the child of the industrial era 4.0 in MI Ma’arif Bego Yogyakarta is: through the learning process in the classroom, through habituation, through the activities of Dhuha praying and praying Dzuhur and perform the commemoration of the great days of Islam. 2) The supporting and inhibiting factor of teachers PAI in establishing the religious attitude of the child of the industrial era 4.0 is: (a) the supporting factors are there is a special program of Madrasah such as Tahfiz religious extracurricular activities, Tartyl, Hadroh, the activities of Dhuha praying and praying Dzuhur and the commemoration of the great days of Islam for establishing the religious attitude of the children.; (b) the inhibiting factors; Children who are too hyper active and already affected by technological advances such as in the use of gedget and there are still learners who bring the Handphone to school so make the teachers especially Islamic teachers must be extra in guiding children , the second inhibiting factor is the limited media provided by madrasas such as LCD and InFocus.

Lessons from the Quran for the Purpose of Managing Couples’ Roles and Relationships

Aim: The purpose of the present study was to discuss the implications of the lessons from the Quran in managing the roles and relationships in couples. Methods: Using the qualitative method and applying content analysis, all verses related to couples from Quran were explored. Results: According to the results of the study, the main identified themes for the stage of marriage included romantic relationships, couples’ roles, boundaries, distribution of family management, financial relationships, sexual relationships, and conflict resolution in couples’ relationships. Conclusion: Based on the lessons from the Quran, the religious attitude can be considered a powerful tool in order to decrease marital conflicts and eventually in increasing marital satisfaction.