Restricted Access Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Biological Sample Preparation

Restricted access molecularly imprinted polymers (RAMIPs) have been efficiently used for the extraction of small organic molecules from untreated biological matrices (e.g. blood, plasma, serum, and milk). These materials have been obtained by modifying the external surface of conventional molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) with hydrophilic monomer grafting, crosslinked protein capsule or a combination of both. These sorbents aggregate the selectivity of MIPs with the ability to exclude macromolecules of restricted access materials (RAMs), being widely employed in solid phase extraction techniques, beyond their use in sensors. In this review, we discuss about the design and application of RAMIPs in biological sample preparation, emphasizing the future trends and remaining challenges of this technology for bioanalyses.

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A new restricted access molecularly imprinted fiber for direct solid phase microextraction of benzodiazepines from plasma samples

The Analyst ◽

10.1039/c9an00444k ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 144 (14) ◽

pp. 4320-4330 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Lailah Cristina de Carvalho Abrão ◽

Eduardo Costa Figueiredo

Keyword(s):

Sample Preparation ◽

Molecularly Imprinted Polymers ◽

Binding Sites ◽

Solid Phase Microextraction ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Plasma Samples ◽

Molecularly Imprinted ◽

Restricted Access ◽

Imprinted Polymers ◽

Direct Solid

Restricted access molecularly imprinted polymers (RAMIPs) are hybrid materials that present selective binding sites for a template (or similar molecules), and an external hydrophilic layer that avoids the binding of proteins to the material, making them appropriate for the sample preparation of protein fluids.

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Highly selective enrichment and direct determination of imazethapyr residues from milk using magnetic solid-phase extraction based on restricted-access molecularly imprinted polymers

Analytical Methods ◽

10.1039/d0ay02116d ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shicong Jia ◽

yanqiang zhou ◽

Jianmin Li ◽

Bolin Gong ◽

Shujuan Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solid Phase Extraction ◽

Molecularly Imprinted Polymers ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Direct Determination ◽

Magnetic Solid Phase Extraction ◽

Phase Extraction ◽

Molecularly Imprinted ◽

Restricted Access ◽

Imprinted Polymers ◽

Magnetic Solid

The restricted access media magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (RAM-MMIPs) were prepared as magnetic solid phase extraction (M-SPE) material by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) technique. The resulting RAM-MMIPs had...

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Novel restricted access materials combined to molecularly imprinted polymers for selective solid-phase extraction of organophosphorus pesticides from honey

Food Chemistry ◽

10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.069 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 187 ◽

pp. 331-337 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

Juan He ◽

Lixin Song ◽

Si Chen ◽

Yuanyuan Li ◽

Hongliang Wei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solid Phase Extraction ◽

Molecularly Imprinted Polymers ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽

Phase Extraction ◽

Molecularly Imprinted ◽

Restricted Access ◽

Imprinted Polymers

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Preparation of restricted access molecularly imprinted polymers based fiber for selective solid-phase microextraction of hesperetin and its metabolites in vivo

Talanta ◽

10.1016/j.talanta.2019.05.016 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 202 ◽

pp. 392-401 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Dan-Dan Wang ◽

Die Gao ◽

Yi-Ke Huang ◽

Wan-Jun Xu ◽

Zhi-Ning Xia

Keyword(s):

Molecularly Imprinted Polymers ◽

Solid Phase Microextraction ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Molecularly Imprinted ◽

Restricted Access ◽

Imprinted Polymers

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Hybrid molecularly imprinted polymers synthesized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane-methacrylic acid monomer for miniaturized solid-phase extraction: A new and economical sample preparation strategy for determination of acyclovir in urine

Journal of Chromatography A ◽

10.1016/j.chroma.2014.04.045 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1346 ◽

pp. 16-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Hongyuan Yan ◽

Mingyu Wang ◽

Yehong Han ◽

Fengxia Qiao ◽

Kyung Ho Row

Keyword(s):

Sample Preparation ◽

Solid Phase Extraction ◽

Methacrylic Acid ◽

Molecularly Imprinted Polymers ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Phase Extraction ◽

Molecularly Imprinted ◽

Imprinted Polymers ◽

Preparation Strategy

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Recent Advances in Solid-Phase Extraction (SPE) Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) for Analysis of Hormones

Chemosensors ◽

10.3390/chemosensors9070151 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 151

Author(s):

Anele Mpupa ◽

Shirley Kholofelo Selahle ◽

Boris Mizaikoff ◽

Philiswa Nosizo Nomngongo

Keyword(s):

Sample Preparation ◽

Steroid Hormones ◽

Molecularly Imprinted Polymers ◽

Solid Phase ◽

The Body ◽

Growth Promoters ◽

Complex Matrices ◽

Molecularly Imprinted ◽

Imprinted Polymers ◽

Analytical Instruments

Steroid hormones are active substances that are necessary in the normal functioning of all physiological activities in the body, such as sexual characteristics, metabolism, and mood control. They are also widely used as exogenous chemicals in medical and pharmaceutical applications as treatments and at times growth promoters in animal farming. The vast application of steroid hormones has resulted in them being found in different matrices, such as food, environmental, and biological samples. The presence of hormones in such matrices means that they can easily come into contact with humans and animals as exogenous compounds, resulting in abnormal concentrations that can lead to endocrine disruption. This makes their determination in different matrices a vital part of pollutant management and control. Although advances in analytical instruments are constant, it has been determined that these instruments still require some sample preparation steps to be able to determine the occurrence of pollutants in the complex matrices in which they occur. Advances are still being made in sample preparation to ensure easier, selective, and sensitive analysis of complex matrices. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been termed as advanced solid-phase (SPE) materials for the selective extraction and preconcentration of hormones in complex matrices. This review explores the preparation and application of MIPs for the determination of steroid hormones in different sample types.

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Growing Trends in the Efficient and Selective Extraction of Compounds in Complex Matrices Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymers and Their Relevance to Toxicological Analysis

Journal of Analytical Toxicology ◽

10.1093/jat/bkaa079 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Haley A Mulder ◽

Matthew S Halquist

Keyword(s):

Sample Preparation ◽

Molecularly Imprinted Polymers ◽

Drugs Of Abuse ◽

Matrix Effects ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Selective Extraction ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Molecularly Imprinted ◽

Imprinted Polymers ◽

Key Steps

Abstract In the world of forensic and clinical toxicology, proper sample preparation is one of the key steps in identification and quantification of drugs of abuse. Traditional extraction methods such as solid-phase extraction and liquid−liquid extraction are often laborious and nonselective for the target analytes being measured. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) can be synthesized for sample extraction and their versatility allows the polymer to be employed in off-line, benchtop extractions or on/in-line instrument extractions, offering a faster and more selective sample preparation without the risk of interfering matrix effects. This review details the synthesis and applications of MIP materials for the extraction of drug compounds from biological matrices in publications from 1994 to today.

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