scholarly journals KONTEKSTUALISASI PEMAHAMAN ATAS HADIS (Studi Perbandingan Antara Orientalisme dan Oksidentalisme)

UNIVERSUM ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taufiqur Rohman
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Scientific Standard

This article aims at examining and analyzing contextually and critically the understanding on hadith as a comparison study between orientalism and Occidentalism’s understanding. The hadith understanding both critically and contextually has been existed and will continuously exist doing by whoever included orientalist and occidentalist which is considered fair as long as its has high objectivity and fulfill scientific research standard to avoid bias and personal purpose. The objectivity and scientific standard are such as commitment, can be tested and verified, trusted, objectivity, and can be used in general. Hadith contextualizing or the effort to interpret hadith based on its context and time is important to be done to answer the dynamic and progressive social reality. Keywords: Orientalist, occidentalist, objectivity, contextualization.

scholarly journals Social reality as the object of scientific knowledge

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-269
Author(s):  
R. A. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Social World ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
The Social ◽  
Theoretical Pluralism

The concept of social reality and the problems associated with its scientific knowledge are considered. Author considers three aspects of the meaning and significance of this concept to explicate it. The article analyzes the objective and subjective reasons that determine the theoretical and methodological conservatism of social and humanitarian sciences which is expressed in the ontologization of knowledge and the rejection of theoretical pluralism of scientific research. The article substantiates the basic principles of studying social reality in modern socio-humanitarian science which open up new perspectives of knowledge and transformation of the social world.

scholarly journals Ways to envisage social science, social reality and ontology

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Vadim Markovich Rozin
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Practical Action ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Traditional Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Ideal

This article raises a question on the existence of representations on social nature as an ultimate ontology of social sciences. The complications that do not allow acknowledging such existence are being formulated. The author points at the modern alternative interpretations of ultimate ontology of social sciences – the representations on culture, self-developing systems with synergetic effects, sociality, interculture, etc. It is claimed that the concept of nature was introduced for determining the conditions for an effective practical action in scientific research. In order to clarify the perceptions of ultimate ontology of social science, the article discusses the peculiarities of social science and theory, as well as demarcation of the ideal objects, schemes, and models. As a result, the author was able to demonstrate that the traditional definition of social nature has virtually become obsolete, and is not efficient with regards to social sciences. It is offered to replace it with the categorical representations, which may be considered as the ultimate ontology of social sciences. However, it requires the new designation and characterization of the structure and essence of social sciences.

scholarly journals Identity (Including Collective Identity)

Politeja ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (5 (68)) ◽  
pp. 3-34
Author(s):  
Paweł Ścigaj
Keyword(s):  
Collective Identity ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Collective Identities ◽  
New Era ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Late Modern

Identity has remained a popular concept for many decades, being widely used in scientific research. This reflects not only the importance of the phenomena standing behind this notion, but also wide and deep changes accompanying the transition of societies from industrial to post-industrial, late modern, post-modern, network or information society. Regardless of the disputes about the nature of the new era, researchers agree that identities, including collective identities, play a key role in it, and the fight for the recognition of individual and social actors is an extremely important element of contemporary social processes and relations. The article presents a brief description of the most important points in the debate on identity, concerning its meaning, the subjects of identity, the dimensions of identity and the forms of its manifestations in social reality.

Statistical analysis of classification

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
T. J. Deeming
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Amount Of Information

If we make a set of measurements, such as narrow-band or multicolour photo-electric measurements, which are designed to improve a scheme of classification, and in particular if they are designed to extend the number of dimensions of classification, i.e. the number of classification parameters, then some important problems of analytical procedure arise. First, it is important not to reproduce the errors of the classification scheme which we are trying to improve. Second, when trying to extend the number of dimensions of classification we have little or nothing with which to test the validity of the new parameters.Problems similar to these have occurred in other areas of scientific research (notably psychology and education) and the branch of Statistics called Multivariate Analysis has been developed to deal with them. The techniques of this subject are largely unknown to astronomers, but, if carefully applied, they should at the very least ensure that the astronomer gets the maximum amount of information out of his data and does not waste his time looking for information which is not there. More optimistically, these techniques are potentially capable of indicating the number of classification parameters necessary and giving specific formulas for computing them, as well as pinpointing those particular measurements which are most crucial for determining the classification parameters.

Social representations of human rights violations: Further evidence

2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Clémence ◽  
Thierry Devos ◽  
Willem Doise
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Young People ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Questionnaire Study ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
High Tolerance ◽  
Individual Actions

Social representations of human rights violations were investigated in a questionnaire study conducted in five countries (Costa Rica, France, Italy, Romania, and Switzerland) (N = 1239 young people). We were able to show that respondents organize their understanding of human rights violations in similar ways across nations. At the same time, systematic variations characterized opinions about human rights violations, and the structure of these variations was similar across national contexts. Differences in definitions of human rights violations were identified by a cluster analysis. A broader definition was related to critical attitudes toward governmental and institutional abuses of power, whereas a more restricted definition was rooted in a fatalistic conception of social reality, approval of social regulations, and greater tolerance for institutional infringements of privacy. An atypical definition was anchored either in a strong rejection of social regulations or in a strong condemnation of immoral individual actions linked with a high tolerance for governmental interference. These findings support the idea that contrasting definitions of human rights coexist and that these definitions are underpinned by a set of beliefs regarding the relationships between individuals and institutions.

Social-Scientific Research Competency

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 737-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Gess ◽  
Christoph Geiger ◽  
Matthias Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Research Performance ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Crystallized Intelligence ◽  
Research Competency ◽  
Social Scientific Research ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Education Courses

Abstract. Although the development of research competency is an important goal of higher education in social sciences, instruments to measure this outcome often depend on the students’ self-ratings. To provide empirical evidence for the utility of a newly developed instrument for the objective measurement of social-scientific research competency, two validation studies across two independent samples were conducted. Study 1 ( n = 675) provided evidence for unidimensionality, expected differences in test scores between differently advanced groups of students as well as incremental validities over and above self-perceived research self-efficacy. In Study 2 ( n = 82) it was demonstrated that the competency measured indeed is social-scientific and relations to facets of fluid and crystallized intelligence were analyzed. Overall, the results indicate that the test scores reflected a trainable, social-scientific, knowledge-related construct relevant to research performance. These are promising results for the application of the instrument in the evaluation of research education courses in higher education.

Scientific Research on Yoga and Meditation

1978 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 356-358
Author(s):  
ALCINE POTTS LUKENBACH
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research

Advancing Scientific Research in Education

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Towne ◽  
◽  
Lauress L. Wise ◽  
Tina M. Winters
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Research In Education
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