Depression and APOEε4 Status in Individuals with Subjective Cognitive Decline: A Meta-Analysis

Objective To evaluate the associative role of depression and apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele (APOEε4) in subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and its progression to objective cognitive decline.Methods After literature search in electronic databases, studies were selected by following precise eligibility criteria. Meta-analyses were performed to examine the role of APOEε4 and depression in SCD or its progression to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia.Results APOEε4 positivity was not different between SCD and normal individuals but was significantly higher in individuals with SCD plus than in normal individuals [odds ratio: 2.39 (95% CI: 1.87, 3.05); p<0.00001] and in SCD converters than in non-converters [odds ratio: 5.19 (95% CI: 2.36, 11.42); p<0.00001]. Depression was significantly higher in individuals with SCD [standardized mean difference: 0.63 (0.45, 0.82); p<0.00001] and SCD plus [standardized mean difference: 0.83 (0.43, 1.22); p<0.0001] than in normal individuals. However, depression was not different between SCD and MCI or between SCD converters and non-converters. Age of SCD converters was higher than non-converters [mean difference: 2.95 years (0.58, 5.31)].Conclusion Whereas APOEε4 positivity was higher in SCD plus and SCD converters, depression was higher in SCD and SCD plus but was not different between SCD and MCI.

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Glutathione Peroxidase Level in Patients with Vitiligo: A Meta-Analysis

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2016/3029810 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Bi-huan Xiao ◽

Meihui Shi ◽

Hongqiang Chen ◽

Shaoshan Cui ◽

Yan Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Confidence Interval ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Subgroup Analysis ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Asian Patients ◽

Standardized Mean Difference

Abnormality of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is involved in the etiology and pathogenesis of vitiligo. However, the results were controversial.Aim. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to compare the levels of GPx between vitiligo patients and healthy controls.Methods.Relevant published articles were searched according to eligibility criteria. A meta-analysis was conducted to pool estimates of the standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI).Results.Twenty-three studies with a total of 1076 vitiligo patients and 770 healthy controls were included. The pooled meta-analysis showed that patients with vitiligo had equivalent levels of GPx with the healthy controls (SMD = −0.47, 95% CI: −1.03 to 0.08, andp=0.095). Further subgroup analysis showed that the GPx levels of Asian patients or segmental vitiligo patients were, respectively, lower than those of healthy controls (Asian: SMD = −0.47, 95% CI: −1.08 to 0.14, andp=0.001; segmental: SMD = −3.59, 95% CI: −6.38 to −0.80, andp=0.012). Furthermore, the GPx levels in serum/plasma were significantly decreased in either stable or active vitiligo patients, comparing to healthy controls (stable: SMD = −2.01, 95% CI: −3.52 to −0.49, andp=0.009; active: SMD = −2.34, 95% CI: −4.07 to −0.61, andp=0.008).Conclusion. This meta-analysis showed a significant association between low GPx level and vitiligo.

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Gender-specific design and effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions against cognitive decline and dementia–protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0256826 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (8) ◽

pp. e0256826

Author(s):

Andrea E. Zuelke ◽

Steffi G. Riedel-Heller ◽

Felix Wittmann ◽

Alexander Pabst ◽

Susanne Roehr ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Primary Data ◽

Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Specific Design ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Gender Specific

Introduction Dementia is a public health priority with projected increases in the number of people living with dementia worldwide. Prevention constitutes a promising strategy to counter the dementia epidemic, and an increasing number of lifestyle interventions has been launched aiming at reducing risk of cognitive decline and dementia. Gender differences regarding various modifiable risk factors for dementia have been reported, however, evidence on gender-specific design and effectiveness of lifestyle trials is lacking. Therefore, we aim to systematically review evidence on gender-specific design and effectiveness of trials targeting cognitive decline and dementia. Methods and analysis We will conduct a systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Databases MEDLINE (PubMed interface), PsycINFO, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and ALOIS will be searched for eligible studies using a predefined strategy, complemented by searches in clinical trials registers and Google for grey literature. Studies assessing cognitive function (overall measure or specific subdomains) as outcome in dementia-free adults will be included, with analyses stratified by level of cognitive functioning at baseline: a) cognitively healthy b) subjective cognitive decline 3) mild cognitive impairment. Two reviewers will independently evaluate eligible studies, extract data and determine methodological quality using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN)-criteria. If sufficient data with regards to quality and quantity are available, a meta-analysis will be conducted. Ethics and dissemination No ethical approval will be required as no primary data will be collected. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021235281.

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Periodontitis is associated with hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cardiovascular Research ◽

10.1093/cvr/cvz201 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 116 (1) ◽

pp. 28-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Eva Muñoz Aguilera ◽

Jean Suvan ◽

Jacopo Buti ◽

Marta Czesnikiewicz-Guzik ◽

Aline Barbosa Ribeiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Odds Ratio ◽

Primary Outcome ◽

Weighted Mean Difference ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Health Assessment ◽

Periodontal Therapy ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Weighted Mean ◽

Meta Analyses

Abstract Recent evidence suggests a link between periodontitis (PD) and hypertension, but the nature of this association remains unclear. The overall aim of this review was to critically appraise the evidence linking these two common disorders. Systematic search was conducted for studies published up to December 2018. Prevalence of hypertension in patients with PD (moderate/severe groups) vs. those without PD (non-PD) was the primary outcome. Additional outcomes included adjusted mean difference in systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure (BP) levels in PD vs. non-PD, assessment of biomarkers in PD and hypertension, and BP changes after periodontal therapy. From 81 studies selected, 40 were included in quantitative meta-analyses. Diagnoses of moderate-severe PD [odds ratio (OR) = 1.22; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10–1.35] and severe PD (OR = 1.49; 95% CI: 1.09–2.05) were associated with hypertension. Prospective studies confirmed PD diagnosis increased likelihood of hypertension occurrence (OR = 1.68; 95% CI: 0.85–3.35). Patients with PD exhibited higher mean SBP [weighted mean difference (WMD) of 4.49 mmHg; 95% CI: 2.88–6.11] and DBP (2.03 mmHg; 95% CI: 1.25–2.81) when compared with non-PD. Lastly, only 5 out of 12 interventional studies confirmed a reduction in BP following periodontal therapy, ranging from 3 to 12.5 mmHg of SBP and from 0 to 10 mmHg of DBP. PD is associated with increased odds of hypertension (SORT C) and higher SBP/DBP levels. The evidence suggesting that PD therapy could reduce BP is inconclusive. Although additional research is warranted on this association, these results suggest that oral health assessment and management of PD could not only improve oral/overall health and quality of life but also be of relevance in the management of patients with hypertension.

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Prognostic Role of Carbohydrate Antigen 19 to 9 in Predicting Survival of Patients With Pancreatic Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment ◽

10.1177/15330338211043030 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

pp. 153303382110430

Author(s):

Yong-Ming Kang ◽

Hao Wang ◽

Ran Li ◽

Gu Pan

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Median Survival ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Carbohydrate Antigen ◽

Prognostic Role ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Before And After ◽

Meta Analyses

This study evaluates the prognostic role of carbohydrate antigen 19 to 9 (CA19-9) in predicting survival of pancreatic cancer patients. Literature search was conducted in electronic databases (Google Scholar, Ovid, PubMed, and Science Direct) and study selection was based on precise eligibility criteria. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed to achieve overall estimates of median survival and hazard ratios (HRs) of survival with cutoff defined lower and higher CA19-9 levels before and after surgery or chemotherapy (CT)/radiotherapy (RT) and the changes in CA19-9 levels after any treatment. A total of 41 studies (6519 patients; 42% females; age 63.3 years [95% confidence interval [CI]: 62.2, 64.4]) were included. A pooled HR of 1.79 with a narrow 95% CI (1.58, 2.01) showed that higher CA19-9 levels or less decrease in CA19-9 levels after treatment predicted shorter survival. Median survival in patients with lower and higher preoperative CA19-9 levels was 23.2 months [95% CI: 17.2, 29.2] and 14.0 months [95% CI: 10.9, 17.2], respectively, whereas median survival with lower and higher postoperative CA19-9 levels was 25.0 months [95% CI: 21.9, 28.0] and 13.0 months [95% CI: 10.9, 15.0] respectively. Median survival with lower and higher pre-CT/RT CA19-9 levels was 11.9 months [95% CI: 10.2, 13.6] and 7.7 months [95% CI: 6.2, 9.2], respectively, whereas median survival with lower and higher post-CT/RT CA19-9 levels was 15.1 months [95% CI: 13.2, 17.0] and 10.7 months [95% CI: 7.3, 14.0] respectively. A decrease in CA19-9 levels after treatment was also associated with longer survival. Thus, both pretreatment and posttreatment CA19-9 levels or their changes after treatment have good prognostic value in determining the survival of pancreatic cancer patients.

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Association between CD40 polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus and correlation between soluble CD40 and CD40 ligand levels in the disease: a meta-analysis

Lupus ◽

10.1177/0961203319878822 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (12) ◽

pp. 1452-1459 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S -C Bae ◽

Y H Lee

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cd40 Ligand ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Group ◽

Standardized Mean Difference

Objective The aim of this study was to systematically review evidence regarding the association between CD40 polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus and between soluble CD40 (sCD40) and CD40 ligand (sCD40L) levels and systemic lupus erythematosus. Methods We performed a meta-analysis on the association between CD40 rs4810495, rs1883832, and rs376545 polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus risk and sCD40/sCD40L levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and controls. Results Fourteen studies were included. Ethnicity-specific meta-analysis indicated a significant association between the T allele of CD40 rs4810485 polymorphism and systemic lupus erythematosus in Europeans (odds ratio = 0.715, 95% confidence interval = 0.641–0.832, p < 0.001) and a trend toward an association between the T allele and systemic lupus erythematosus in Asians (odds ratio = 1.255, 95% confidence interval = 0.978–1.810, p = 0.074). Furthermore, a significant association was reported between systemic lupus erythematosus and the C allele of CD40 rs1883832 polymorphism (odds ratio = 1.235, 95% confidence interval = 1.087–1.405, p = 0.001) and A allele of CD40 rs3765456 polymorphism and systemic lupus erythematosus in Asians (odds ratio = 1.184, 95% confidence interval = 1.040–1.348, p = 0.011). sCD40 and sCD40L levels were significantly higher in SLE than in controls (standardized mean difference = 1.564, 95% confidence interval = 0.256–2.872, p = 0.019 and standardized mean difference = 1.499, 95% confidence interval = 1.031–1.967, p < 0.001, respectively). Stratification based on ethnicity revealed higher sCD40L levels in the systemic lupus erythematosus group among European, Asian, North American, and Arab populations. Conclusions Our meta-analyses found associations between CD40 rs4810495, rs1883832, and rs376545 polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus susceptibility and significantly higher sCD40 and sCD40L levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus than in controls.

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Prevalence and outcomes of pulmonary hypertension after percutaneous closure of atrial septal defect: a systematic review and meta-analysis

European Respiratory Review ◽

10.1183/16000617.0099-2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (158) ◽

pp. 200099

Author(s):

Selai Akseer ◽

Eric Horlick ◽

Varnita Vishwanath ◽

Benjamin Hobbes ◽

Ella Huszti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Hypertension ◽

Atrial Septal Defect ◽

Septal Defect ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Case Series ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Standard Mean Difference ◽

Asd Closure ◽

Meta Analyses

BackgroundAtrial septal defect (ASD) is a common form of congenital heart disease. Significant shunts may increase the risk of developing pulmonary hypertension (PH). We aimed to describe current PH definitions, evaluate PH prevalence and the effect of PH on outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous ASD closure.MethodsEMBASE, MEDLINE and Cochrane databases were systematically searched. Studies reporting PH prevalence or mean systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (sPAP) before and after percutaneous ASD closure in adults were included. We conducted meta-analyses to obtain summary estimates for PH prevalence and mean sPAP.Results15 articles with a total of 1073 patients met the eligibility criteria. Studies applied variable PH definitions. PH prevalence and mean sPAP levels decreased in all studies after closure. The pooled PH prevalence decreased from 44% (95% CI 29–60%) to 18% (95% CI 8–27%). The overall standardised mean difference in sPAP was 1.12 (95% CI 0.81–1.44) and 1.62 (95% CI 1.00–2.23) in cohort and case-series studies respectively indicating a large decrease. The pooled standard mean difference among the younger and older patients were different, 1.25 (95% CI 0.78–1.71) and 0.91 (95% CI 0.56–1.27), respectively. A high degree of between-study heterogeneity was noted.ConclusionsBoth PH prevalence and mean sPAP decrease after ASD closure. Larger, prospective studies with consistent PH definitions using the recommended measurement modality are warranted.

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Laser Influence on Dental Sensitivity Compared to Other Light Sources Used During In-office Dental Bleaching: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/19-064-l ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 (6) ◽

pp. 589-597

Author(s):

BGS Casado ◽

EP Pellizzer ◽

JR Souto Maior ◽

CAA Lemos ◽

BCE Vasconcelos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Color Change ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Present Review ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Light Sources ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Tooth Color ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Meta Analyses

Clinical Relevance The use of laser light during bleaching will not reduce the incidence or severity of sensitivity and will not increase the degree of color change compared with nonlaser light sources. SUMMARY Objective: To evaluate whether the use of laser during in-office bleaching promotes a reduction in dental sensitivity after bleaching compared with other light sources. Methods: The present review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) and is registered with PROSPERO (CDR42018096591). Searches were conducted in the PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant articles published up to August 2018. Only randomized clinical trials among adults that compared the use of laser during in-office whitening and other light sources were considered eligible. Results: After analysis of the texts retrieved during the database search, six articles met the eligibility criteria and were selected for the present review. For the outcome dental sensitivity, no significant difference was found favoring any type of light either for intensity (mean difference [MD]: −1.60; confidence interval [CI]: −3.42 to 0.22; p=0.09) or incidence (MD: 1.00; CI: 0.755 to 1.33; p=1.00). Regarding change in tooth color, no significant differences were found between the use of the laser and other light sources (MD: −2.22; CI: −6.36 to 1.93; p=0.29). Conclusions: Within the limitations of the present study, laser exerts no influence on tooth sensitivity compared with other light sources when used during in-office bleaching. The included studies demonstrated that laser use during in-office bleaching may have no influence on tooth color change.

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Anti-toxicant Properties of Saffron and Relevance to Protection from Toxins and Drugs

Current Bioactive Compounds ◽

10.2174/1573407214666181003123707 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 265-283

Author(s):

Kyriaki Hatziagapiou ◽

George I. Lambrou

Keyword(s):

Redox Reactions ◽

Case Reports ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Reactive Oxygen ◽

Crocus Sativus ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Nitrogen Species ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Crocus Sativus L

Background: Reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, which are collectively called reactive oxygen nitrogen species, are inevitable by-products of cellular metabolic redox reactions, such as oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, phagocytosis, reactions of biotransformation of exogenous and endogenous substrata in endoplasmic reticulum, eicosanoid synthesis, and redox reactions in the presence of metal with variable valence. Among medicinal plants there is a growing interest in Crocus sativus L. It is a perennial, stemless herb, belonging to Iridaceae family, cultivated in various countries such as Greece, Italy, Spain, Israel, Morocco, Turkey, Iran, India, China, Egypt and Mexico. Objective: The present study aims to address the anti-toxicant role of Crocus sativus L. in the cases of toxin and drug toxification. Materials and Methods: An electronic literature search was conducted by the two authors from 1993 to August 2017. Original articles and systematic reviews (with or without meta-analysis), as well as case reports were selected. Titles and abstracts of papers were screened by a third reviewer to determine whether they met the eligibility criteria, and full texts of the selected articles were retrieved. Results: The authors focused on literature concerning the role of Crocus Sativus L. as an anti-toxicant agent. Literature review showed that Saffron is a potent anti-toxicant agent with a plethora of applications ranging from anti-oxidant properties, to chemotherapy protective effects. Conclusion: Literature findings represented in current review herald promising results for using Crocus Sativus L. and/or its active constituents as anti-toxicant, chemotherapy-induced protection and toxin protection.

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PARP1 rs1136410 Val762Ala contributes to an increased risk of overall cancer in the East Asian population: a meta-analysis

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0300060521992956 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 030006052199295

Author(s):

Yijuan Xin ◽

Liu Yang ◽

Mingquan Su ◽

Xiaoli Cheng ◽

Lin Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cancer Risk ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Chinese Population ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Asian Population ◽

Cancer Type ◽

East Asians ◽

Asian Populations ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Meta Analyses

Objectives To investigate the association between poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 ( PARP1) rs1136410 Val762Ala and cancer risk in Asian populations, as published findings remain controversial. Methods The PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched, and references of identified studies and reviews were screened, to find relevant studies. Meta-analyses were performed to evaluate the association between PARP1 rs1136410 Val762Ala and cancer risk, reported as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results A total of 24 studies with 8 926 cases and 15 295 controls were included. Overall, a significant association was found between PARP1 rs1136410 Val762Ala and cancer risk in East Asians (homozygous: OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.06, 1.35; heterozygous: OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.04, 1.17; recessive: OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.02, 1.25; dominant: OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.06, 1.19; and allele comparison: OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.03, 1.15). Stratification analyses by race and cancer type revealed similar results for gastric cancer among the Chinese population. Conclusion The findings suggest that PARP1 rs1136410 Val762Ala may be significantly associated with an increased cancer risk in Asians, particularly the Chinese population.

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Fractal Dimension and Retinal Pathology: A Meta-Analysis

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11052376 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 2376

Author(s):

Sam Yu ◽

Vasudevan Lakshminarayanan

Keyword(s):

Fractal Dimension ◽

Fractal Analysis ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Retinal Disease ◽

Clinical Value ◽

Disease Category ◽

Normal Individuals ◽

Retinal Pathology ◽

Meta Analyses

Due to the fractal nature of retinal blood vessels, the retinal fractal dimension is a natural parameter for researchers to explore and has garnered interest as a potential diagnostic tool. This review aims to summarize the current scientific evidence regarding the relationship between fractal dimension and retinal pathology and thus assess the clinical value of retinal fractal dimension. Following the PRISMA guidelines, a literature search for research articles was conducted in several internet databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus). This led to a result of 28 studies included in the final review, which were analyzed via meta-analysis to determine whether the fractal dimension changes significantly in retinal disease versus normal individuals. From the meta-analysis, summary effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals were derived for each disease category. The results for diabetic retinopathy and myopia suggest decreased retinal fractal dimension for those pathologies with the association for other diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and glaucoma remaining uncertain. Due to heterogeneity in imaging/fractal analysis setups used between studies, it is recommended that standardized retinal fractal analysis procedures be implemented in order to facilitate future meta-analyses.

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