Biologische Vielfalt in ehemaligen und aktiven Kiestagebauen: eine Fallstudie aus der Umgebung der Stadt Neubrandenburg (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 40-57
Author(s):  
Pascal Ertzinger ◽  
Vanessa Götz ◽  
Anne Chluppka ◽  
Felix Kwasny XXXMLAUTOR Robert Sommer

Aus der naturschutzbiologischen Literatur ist seit längerer Zeit bekannt, dass ehemalige und aktive Kiestagebaue wertvolle Ersatzlebensräume für gefährdete Tier- und Pflanzenarten sein können, die aufgrund mangelnder Strukturvielfalt und intensiver Landnutzung in der offenen Landschaft zunehmend seltener werden. In einer Studie an einem aktiven und zwei ehemaligen Kiestagebauen in der Umgebung der Stadt Neubrandenburg (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) zeigte sich, dass diese Gebiete durch ein auffallend heterogenes und kleinräumiges Mosaikmuster aus unterschiedlichen Biotopen und ökologisch abgrenzbaren Teilflächen gekennzeichnet sind. Die Artenmuster der Vögel und Schmetterlinge zeigen Gemeinsamkeiten, aber auch Unterschiede zwischen den Kiestagebauen mit unterschiedlichen Nutzungsstadien. Eine bemerkenswert hohe Vielfalt an Biotopen, Vogel- und Tagfalterarten wurde dabei in einem ehemaligen Kiestagebau beobachtet, der bis vor einigen Jahrzehnten unter dem Einfluss von Weidetieren stand. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen das enorme Potenzial dieser Lebensräume für die Förderung von Biodiversität. Zusätzlich stützen sie den bereits bestehenden Vorschlag von Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftlern, dass es im zoologischen Artenschutz strategisch äußerst sinnvoll wäre, mit den Tagebaubetreibern Vereinbarungen, wie die temporäre Anlage von Kleingewässern für Amphibien, zu treffen sowie diese als Ausgleichsmaßnahme für Flächennutzungen anzuerkennen und wertzuschätzen. Biodiversity in former and active opencast gravel pits: a case study from the vicinity of the city of Neubrandenburg (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) Abstract: It has been known for some time in conservation biology literature that former and active opencast gravel quarries can be valuable substitute habitats for endangered animal and plant species, which are becoming increasingly rare in the open landscape due to a lack of structural diversity and intensive land use. A scientific study of two former and one active opencast gravel quarry in the surrounding area of the city Neubrandenburg (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, north-eastern Germany) revealed that those areas are characterised by a strikingly heterogeneous and small-scale mosaic pattern of different biotopes or ecologically definable subareas. The species patterns of birds and butterflies show similarities and differences between the opencast gravel pits with different stages of use. A remarkably high diversity of biotopes, bird species and butterflies were observed in a former gravel pit, which was influenced by grazing until a few decades ago. The results illustrate the enormous potential of these habitats for the promotion and protection of biodiversity. Additionally, the case study supports a recent claim of scientists, suggesting that strategically, it would be very sensible in terms of zoological species conservation, to come to agreements with the open-cast mine operators, e. g. on the temporary creation of small water bodies for amphibians and to recognise and value this as a compensatory measure for land use.

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen McKinney ◽  
Stuart Hall ◽  
Kevin Lowden ◽  
Michele McClung ◽  
Lauren Cameron

The contemporary attempts to tackle poverty and child poverty in the United Kingdom have been seriously hindered by the effects of the economic crisis (Hirsch, 2008a; Mooney, 2011). The prevailing discourses of the recession and intergenerational poverty can lead to a view that the effects of child poverty and the consequent detrimental impact on school education and future prospects for some young people are intractable (Sinclair & McKendrick, 2009). There can be insufficient emphasis on the successful attempts, however fragile, to intervene in the cycle of deprivation. This article reports on research conducted in two contrasting groups of secondary schools in the city of Glasgow, located in areas of deprivation, as they work to secure initial positive school leaver destinations for young people. This small-scale case study highlights the importance of a strong leadership vision committed to initial positive school leaver destinations, but complemented by distributed leadership and support from external partners to enable sustained successes. It also highlights the importance of individual attention to all young people to support and motivate them and the effectiveness of intervention at an early stage.


2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan Weissman

AbstractThroughout the USA, urban agriculture is expanding as a manifestation of an emerging American food politics. Through a case study of Brooklyn, New York, I used mixed qualitative research methods to investigate the political possibilities of urban agriculture for fostering food justice. My findings build on the existing alternative food network (AFN) literature by indicating that problematic contradictions rooted in the neoliberalization of urban agriculture limit the transformative possibilities of farming the city as currently practiced in Brooklyn. I suggest that longstanding agrarian questions—concerns over the relationship between agriculture and capitalism and the politics of small-scale producers—are informative for critical interrogation of urban agriculture as a politicization of food.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Kirchner ◽  
Nico Herrmann ◽  
Paul Matras ◽  
Iris Müller ◽  
Julia Meister

<p>The economy of Roman cities in Baetica, was largely diversified and depending on the city for example specialized in olive oil, halieutic or metallurgical production. The economy of the Hispano-Roman city Munigua (municipium Flavium Muniguense) was particularly based on mining and in the 1<sup>st</sup> and 2<sup>nd </sup>centuries CE Munigua was the largest producer of copper and iron in the Sierra Morena. This contribution focuses on the evaluation of soil potential for practicing agriculture and evidences for prehistoric and historic land use in the vicinity of Munigua. It aims to provide new information to the food supply strategy of Munigua and furthermore a geoarchaeological few on the diversification debate of the urban economy in the conventus Hispalensis. Applying a pedo-geomorphic approach the present study i) shows that the landscape around Munigua has the potential for an agricultural use in larger areas and would have certainly allowed a production of agricultural goods in Roman times. Additionally, the study ii) provides clear evidence for prehistoric and historic land use in region documented by multi-layered colluvial deposits and a preserved Roman hortic soil. Hence, the results pointing to a local cultivation of agricultural products as an active contribution to the food supply of Munigua. Moreover, the study provides geoarchaeological evidences supporting the concept of an economic diversification of Roman cities in Baetica province and Hispania.</p>


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Yin ◽  
Jiangang Xu ◽  
Zhongyuan Yang

The urban planning industry has always been concerned about conserving and developing historic cities in a sustainable and balanced way. However, unreasonable planning and accumulative effects brought by rapid urbanization prevent the conservation of small-scale famous historic and cultural cities. Taking Tingchow county as an example, this paper focused on sustainable development and the Historic Urban Landscape Approach, and determined the urban functions and specific tasks of various planning of its ancient town with the help of public opinions. This paper mainly aimed at providing guidance on urban decentralization from two perspectives. Firstly, it compared the types of land use and its ratio among famous cities of similar scales, and results showed that it is advisable to reduce three-class residential land use and unnecessary administrative functions. Secondly, it estimated the moderate resident population in different degrees of development, and calculated the upper limit of resource space bearing capacity (REBC) of scenic spots under the guidance of sustainable tourism. Results showed that it is recommended to decentralize and resettle 20%~30% of the resident population, and to control the tourist population below 12,000 per day. As the preliminary work of planning, this paper focused on the scientific planning and availability of decentralization, and reflected an expectation for the mode of public participation and quantitative planning.


Author(s):  
Endang Hernawan ◽  
Mia Rosmiati ◽  
Tien Lastini ◽  
N.A. Sofiatin ◽  
Angga Dwiartama ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Heri Rahman ◽  
Angga Dwiartama ◽  
N.A. Sofiatin ◽  
Tien Lastini ◽  
Mia Rosmiati ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spyridon Spyratos ◽  
Demetris Stathakis ◽  
Michael Lutz ◽  
Chrisa Tsinaraki

Information about the land use of built-up areas is required for the comprehensive planning and management of cities. However, due to the high cost of the land use surveys, land use data is out-dated or not available for many cities. Therefore, we propose the reuse of up-to-date and low-cost place data from social media applications for land use mapping purposes. As main case study, we used Foursquare place data for estimating nonresidential building block use in the city of Amsterdam. Based on the Foursquare place categories, we estimated the use of 9827 building blocks, and we compared the classification results with a reference building block use dataset. Our evaluation metric is the kappa coefficient, which determines if the classification results are significantly better than a random guess result. Using the optimal set of parameter values, we achieved the highest kappa coefficient values for the land use categories “ hotels, restaurants and cafes” (0.76) and “ retail” (0.65). The lowest kappa coefficients were found for the land use categories “ industries” and “ storage and unclear”. We have also applied the methodology in another case study area, the city of Varese in Italy, where we had similar accuracy results. We therefore conclude that Foursquare place data can be trusted only for the estimation of particular land use categories.


Author(s):  
BUDIAWATI S ISKANDAR ◽  
JOHAN ISKANDAR ◽  
RUHYAT PARTASASMITA

Abstract. Iskandar BS, Iskandar J, Partasasmita R. 2019. Hobby and business on trading birds: Case study in bird market of Sukahaji, Bandung, West Java and Splendid, Malang, East Java (Indonesia). Biodiversitas 20: 1316-1332. Bird species have various ecological and socio-economic-cultural functions for the human being. Ecologically, birds have beneficial functions in the ecosystem, such as helping plant pollinators, spreading plant seeds, participating in controlling agricultural pests, and monitoring environmental changes. Meanwhile, bird functions for the social-economic and culture of the community among them are known as sources of protein food, mystical functions, sources of material stories, sources of inspiration to make songs, craft materials, the source of gene pool, and become pets and trade animals. With the rise of the urban population hobby of raising birds and also the development of various bird contest activities in the urban, causing of the bird trade is very widespread in urban areas, such as in bird markets. In some cities in Indonesia, various bird markets have been popularly known for a long time. This study aimed to elucidate species diversity, folk classification, bird populations, bird prices, constraints to bird trade, and the positive and negative effects of bird trade in the urban bird market. The research method used a mixture of qualitative and quantitative methods with the ethnoecological approach. The results of this study showed that from a survey of 60 bird traders in the bird market of Sukahaji, Bandung, and Splendid, Malang, a total of 160 bird species, representing 38 families were documented. Among them, 10 species representing 7 families recorded as protected bird by law in Indonesia, based on recent government regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of Republic of Indonesian No.106/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/12/2018. A total of 2,950 individuals were recorded in Sukahaji; while in Splendid were recorded 3,558 individuals. Prices of birds that are traded varied greatly depending on the species and characteristics of birds. It has been revealed that bird trade in the bird market has been various economic benefits for many people. However, due to the bird trade in bird markets in the city which has not been properly managed, the sustainability system of the bird trade in the city is very alarming caused of many factors, including decreasing of bird population over time in rural ecosystem as main supply of urban bird trading in the bird markets. Therefore, bird trading in the bird markets must be properly managed based on the sustainable development program concept, namely pro-economic, pro-social, and pro-environment.


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