scholarly journals The effect of propiconazole on leaf spot infection and seed yield of velvet grass

1991 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 304-306
Author(s):  
M.S. Tolentino ◽  
J.G. Hampton
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Leaf Spot

Alternaria and Cercospora Leaf Spot Diseases of Niger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.) – A Traditional Tribal Crop of South Gujarat, India, with Cost Benefit Ratio in Relation to Different Fungicides

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-99
Author(s):  
P.B. Sandipan ◽  
P.K. Jagtap ◽  
M.C. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Guizotia Abyssinica ◽  
Cercospora Leaf Spot ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio

Abstract Niger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.) is an important minor oil seed crop grown in dry areas grown mostly by tribal and interior places as life line of tribal segment. Tribal people mainly use its oil for cooking purpose, above than that there were also other uses. Hence, the niger crop should be protected from the infection. The crop is affected by number of fungal diseases. Therefore, a field experiment was formulated for three years with the four replications at the Niger Research Station (NRS) at Navsari Agricultural University (NAU), Vanarasi, Navsari (Gujarat) on the foliar diseases of GN-1 variety of niger crop. In this experiment, six different fungicides along with one control have been evaluated to control the Alternaria and Cercospora leaf spot diseases, out of which all the fungicidal treatments were significantly superior over the control. Here, foliar spray on the incidence of diseases was compared with the control (without any treatment). All the fungicidal treatments were significantly superior over the control to reduce Alternaria and Cercospora leaf spot diseases of Niger crop. Treatment of Carbendazim + Mancozeb (0.2 %) with two sprays first from the initiation of the disease and second after the interval of 15 days recorded the lowest incidence of Alternaria (14.56) and Cercospora (14.94) leaf spot diseases of niger and recorded the highest seed yield 337 seed yield kg/ha along with the net return with cost benefit ratio graph.

Canola Growth Stage at Time of Infection Determines Magnitude of White Leaf Spot (Neopseudocercosporella capsellae) Impact

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamsal Murtza ◽  
Ming Pei You ◽  
Martin John BARBETTI
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
White Leaf ◽  
Field Plots

White leaf spot (Neopseudocercosporella capsellae) is a persistent and increasingly important foliar disease for canola (Brassica napus) across southern Australia. To define the role of plant growth stage on development of the disease epidemic, we first investigated the response of different canola cultivars (Scoop and Charlton) at five Sylvester-Bradley growth stages against N. capsellae. White leaf spot disease incidence and severity was dependent upon plant growth stage and cultivar (both P < 0.001), with plants being most susceptible at plant growth stage 1,00 (cotyledon stage) followed by plant growth stage 1,04 (4th leaf stage). Then, second, to quantify the impact of this disease on canola yield, we investigated the in-field relationship of white leaf spot disease incidence and severity with seed yield loss following artificial inoculation commencing at growth stage 1.04 (4th leaf stage). White leaf spot significantly (P < 0.001) reduced seed yield by 24% in N. capsellae inoculated field plots compared with non-inoculated field plots. We believe that this is the first time that serious seed yield losses from this disease have been quantified in-field. The current study demonstrates that N. capsellae disease incidence and severity on canola is determined by host growth stage at which pathogen infestation occurs. Emerging seedling cotyledons were highly susceptible, followed by less susceptibility in first true leaves to emerge but then increasing susceptibility as plants subsequently age towards the 4th leaf stage. This explains field observances where white leaf spot readily establishes on emerging seedlings and subsequently becomes more prevalent and severe as plants age.

Resistance to Frogeye Leaf Spot in Selected Soybean Accessions in MG I through MG VI

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alemu Mengistu ◽  
Jason Bond ◽  
Rouf Mian ◽  
Randall Nelson ◽  
Grover Shannon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Maturity Group ◽  
Cercospora Sojina ◽  
Frogeye Leaf Spot ◽  
Glycine Max L

Frogeye leaf spot (FLS) caused by Cercospora sojina Hara is a disease of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] that causes significant seed yield loss in warm, humid environments worldwide. The Rcs3 gene in soybean has been reported to condition resistance to all known races of C. sojina. The objectives of this study were to: (i) identify maturity group (MG) I to VI accessions resistant to C. sojina race 11 by field screening at two locations; and (ii) determine if the FLS resistance of the symptomless soybean accessions is likely to be conditioned by the Rcs3 allele. A total of 260 accessions including 12 differentials were evaluated for reaction to race 11 in field trials in Missouri and Illinois during 2009, and 20 accessions that did not develop symptoms were retested in 2010 to validate their resistance. The 20 accessions remained resistant and were tested for the potential presence of Rcs3 allele using molecular markers; and none was predicted to carry the Rcs3 allele. These accessions may contain novel loci for FLS resistance and may be used to broaden the base for developing soybean cultivars with frogeye leaf spot resistance. Accepted for publication 16 April 2012. Published 21 May 2012.

Role of foliage component and host age on severity of Alternaria leaf spot (caused by Alternaria japonica and A. brassicae) in canola (Brassica napus) and mustard (B. juncea) and yield loss in canola

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 969 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. D. Al-lami ◽  
M. P. You ◽  
M. J. Barbetti
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Brassica Species ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Alternaria Leaf Spot

Studies were undertaken under controlled conditions into the effects of different foliage components (cotyledon, first, second and third leaf) at three plant ages (3, 5 and 7 weeks old) on development of Alternaria leaf spot disease, caused by Alternaria japonica or A. brassicae, in canola (Brassica napus cv. Thunder TT) and mustard (B. juncea cv. Dune). Alternaria japonica generally showed percentage disease index (%DI) values similar to A. brassicae across the two Brassica species, different foliage components and plant ages. %DI from either pathogen was greater in older plants than younger plants for the same foliage components in both cultivars. Field studies were then undertaken with canola to compare disease development from A. japonica and A. brassicae across different plant components (leaf, pod and stem) and the consequent adverse impact on seed yield. Alternaria japonica was more severe in terms of leaf area diseased (%LAD 62.6) and stem area diseased (%SAD 69.8) than pod area diseased (%PAD 25.5), whereas A. brassicae was more severe on leaves (%LAD 61.9) than on pods (%PAD 47.4) or stems (%SAD 41.0). Stem disease incidence was greater for A. japonica (%SDI 94.0) than for A. brassicae (%SDI 56.5), but pod disease incidence was greater for A. brassicae (%PDI 93.5) than for A. japonica (%PDI 86.1). For A. japonica, AUDPC values of leaf disease incidence (LDI, 283.5), leaf area diseased (LAD, 253.3) and leaf collapse (LCI, 149.5) resulted in a yield loss of 58.1%, similar to A. brassicae, where AUDPC values of LDI (277.8), LAD (247.2) and LCI (111.0) caused a yield loss of 59.4%. These findings explain observed acceleration of Alternaria leaf spot severity from A. japonica, as from A. brassicae, through the growing season as plants become more susceptible with increasing age, and as more susceptible, later developing leaves become abundant. For the first time, we demonstrate that under conducive field conditions for disease development, A. japonica can cause serious seed-yield losses of a magnitude similar to those occurring with A. brassicae.

scholarly journals Response of Different Cultivars of Radish (Raphanus Sativus L.) to Alternaria Leaf Spot on Seed Production during Winter at Rupandehi Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-324
Author(s):  
Madhu Sudhan Ghimire ◽  
Prativa Khanal ◽  
Ambika Pokhrel ◽  
Jyotsna Nepal ◽  
Pramod Thagunna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Spot Disease ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Spot Disease ◽  
Alternaria Leaf Spot

A field experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications and seven cultivars of Radish as treatments for screening against Alternaria leaf spot for seed production. Disease scoring was done as percentage of leaf area infected on individual plant at 7 and 10 days intervals on leaf and siliqua respectively for 3 times, and disease severity and mean AUDPC were calculated and yield was recorded. Disease symptoms appeared first in Long Chetki 22 DAS and last in Green Neck Miyashige 38 DAS. Maximum mean AUDPC (886.7) on foliage was recorded in Long Chetki while minimum mean AUDPC (690.7) was recorded in Green Neck Miyashige Similarly, highest and lowest total mean AUDPC on siliqua were seen on cultivars 40 Days (1080) and Green Neck Miyashige (66.67) respectively. Highest yield was recorded in Green Neck Miyashige (695.2kg/ha) and lowest yield was recorded in cultivar Long Chetki (477.4kg/hac). Similarly, highest test weight was recorded in cultivar Mino Early (10.28gm) and lowest was recorded in cultivar 40-Days (8.4gm). Cultivar, All Season Green Long failed inflorescence formation hence no evidence of siliqua formation therefore bears value 0 for seed yield. Similarly, highest biomass yield excluding root was found in cultivar Subhra-32 (613.3gm/m2) and lowest biomass yield was recorded in cultivar Green Neck Miyashige (341.7gm/m2). Green Neck Miyashige was found resistant to Alternaria leaf spot disease with maximum seed yield (695.2kg/ha). The cultivars Subhra-32 and 40 days were highly susceptible to Alternaria leaf spot disease with minimum seed yield.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 318-324

scholarly journals Enhancing Peanut Productivity through Application Of Irradiated κ- Carrageenan

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 6977-6981
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Cercospora Leaf Spot ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Field Verification ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Additional Income

On-field verification trials were conducted to determine the effect of various rates of Olio-carrageenan (PGP) on Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) and rust and yield of peanut varieties specifically, BPI Pn9 and Farmer’s variety. The statistical design of the field trial was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replicates per treatment per experiment. The CLS and rust infections were significantly reduced with the application of 150ppm PGP by 15.2% and 36.2%, respectively. The BPI Pn 9 peanut variety applied with PGP consistently and significantly had higher pod yield up to 2.14 t/ha and seed yield of 1.63 t/ha with a corresponding 37.6% and 34.5% increase, respectively. At least Php45,771 per hectare additional income was realized from the application of PGP with a maximum MBCR of 12.3%. For Farmer’s peanut variety, significant increase of 23.6% on pod yield and 36.5% on seed yield were obtained resulting to an additional income of Php 18,400/ha up to 37,800/ha with an MBCR of 21.81%

scholarly journals Performance of Frogeye Leaf Spot-Resistant and -Susceptible Near-Isolines of Soybean

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (9) ◽  
pp. 1017-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. R. Mian ◽  
H. R. Boerma ◽  
D. V. Phillips ◽  
M. M. Kenty ◽  
G. Shannon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Frogeye Leaf Spot ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Glycine Max L

Frogeye leaf spot (FLS) caused by Cercospora sojina Hara is a disease of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) that causes significant seed yield losses in warm, humid environments of southeastern United States. The Rcs3 gene in soybean has been reported to condition resistance to all known races of C. sojina. The objectives of this study were to determine the effectiveness of Rcs3 in limiting seed yield loss due to FLS and to compare the seed yield of the resistant and susceptible near-isolines (NILs) in the absence of significant FLS disease. Four pairs of NILs—Colquitt/Colquitt-Rcs3, Gordon/Gordon-Rcs3, Thomas/Thomas-Rcs3, and Wright/Wright-Rcs 3—were evaluated in 23 field experiments in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and South Carolina during 1992 to 1994. The amount of damage to susceptible soybean caused by FLS was dependent on the specific environment. All four of the Rcs3 NILs were resistant to the prevalent races of FLS in all environments. In the absence of significant FLS disease, each of the Rcs3 NILs was at least equal to the respective susceptible line in its seed yield. In the presence of FLS infestation, the susceptible lines suffered significant seed yield loss (up to 31%) compared to their Rcs3 NILs. The effect of FLS on seed yield was dependent on cumulative disease severity over the growing season. Thus, the area under disease progress curve was more useful than percent of leaf area infected at the end of the growing season (R7 stage of development) in explaining the seed yield loss due to FLS.

EFFECTS OF SPRING BURNING AND INSECTICIDES ON THE SUPERB PLANT BUG, ADELPHOCORIS SUPERBUS (UHL.), AND ASSOCIATED FAUNA IN ALFALFA SEED FIELDS

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Lilly ◽  
G. A. Hobbs
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Yellow Leaf ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Associated Fauna ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Alfalfa Field ◽  
Alfalfa Seed

Through spring burning of the plant debris in an alfalfa field effectively controlled an economic infestation of the superb plant bug, Adelphocoris superbus (Uhl.). It also destroyed two predators, Phymata fasciata (Gray) and Sinea diadema (F.), that overwinter in the egg stage in alfalfa fields. Burning reduced the severity of black stem, yellow-leaf blotch, and common leaf spot and produced a healthier stand and higher seed yield of alfalfa.Infestations of A. superbus were significantly reduced with a single application of either toxaphene at 0.4 to 1.0 pound of toxicant per acre or DDT at 0.3 or 0.5 pound per acre, applied as a spray after many of the overwintering eggs had hatched. Predacious insects did not seem to be adversely affected.

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