Phenotypic variation in waterlogging stress tolerance among wheat cultivars and its wild relatives

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Sadiq ◽  
Syed Tahir Abbas Shah ◽  
Jamshaid Hussain ◽  
Abdul Rauf Siddiqui ◽  
Nazia Bibi
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Waterlogging Stress

Compositional, thermal and water sorption properties of wheat flour: comparing wild-relatives v/s elite wheat varieties used in current plant breeding

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepa Agarwal ◽  
William MacNaughtan ◽  
Julie King ◽  
Tim J. Foster
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Water Sorption ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Functional Differences ◽  
Water Sorption Properties

This research investigate the structural and functional differences between four main wheat cultivars in comparison to the wild relatives of wheat. “Wheat image from www.freepik.com.”

scholarly journals Novel Insights Into Genetic Responses for Waterlogging Stress in Two Local Wheat Cultivars in Yangtze River Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingmei Wei ◽  
Xiu Li ◽  
Rui Yang ◽  
Liulong Li ◽  
Zhuangzhi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Annotation ◽  
Yangtze River Basin ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Waterlogging Stress ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Sequencing Strategy ◽  
Waterlogging Treatment

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), the most widely cultivated crop, is affected by waterlogging that limited the wheat production. Given the incompleteness of its genome annotation, PacBio SMRT plus Illumina short-read sequencing strategy provided an efficient approach to investigate the genetic regulation of waterlogging stress in wheat. A total of 947,505 full-length non-chimetric (FLNC) sequences were obtained with two wheat cultivars (XM55 and YM158) with PacBio sequencing. Of these, 5,309 long-non-coding RNAs, 1,574 fusion genes and 739 transcription factors were identified with the FLNC sequences. These full-length transcripts were derived from 49,368 genes, including 47.28% of the genes annotated in IWGSC RefSeq v1.0 and 40.86% genes encoded two or more isoforms, while 27.31% genes in the genome annotation of IWGSC RefSeq v1.0 were multiple-exon genes encoding two or more isoforms. Meanwhile, the individuals with waterlogging treatments (WL) and control group (CK) were selected for Illumina sequencing. Totally, 6,829 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected from four pairwise comparisons. Notably, 942 DEGs were overlapped in the two comparisons (i.e., XM55-WL vs. YM158-WL and YM158-WL vs. YM158-CK). Undoubtedly, the genes involved in photosynthesis were downregulated after waterlogging treatment in two cultivars. Notably, the genes related to steroid biosynthesis, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and downstream plant hormone signal transduction were significantly upregulated after the waterlogging treatment, and the YM158 variety revealed different genetic regulation patterns compared with XM55. The findings provided valuable insights into unveiling regulation mechanisms of waterlogging stress in wheat at anthesis and contributed to molecular selective breeding of new wheat cultivars in future.

Isolation of genes/quantitative trait loci for drought stress tolerance in maize.

2021 ◽  
pp. 267-281
Author(s):  
Pardeep Kumar ◽  
Mukesh Choudhary ◽  
B. S. Jat ◽  
M. C. Dagla ◽  
Vishal Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Drought Stress Tolerance ◽  
Expression Studies ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Breeding Programmes

Abstract This chapter focuses on target traits for drought stress, progress in mapping for drought tolerance-associated genes/QTLs identification and expression studies and introgression strategies followed by the possibilities of integrating the concept of speed breeding in maize drought breeding programmes for better utilization of wild relatives.

Anatomical adaptation for drought and waterlogging stress tolerance.

2012 ◽  
pp. 278-284
Author(s):  
R. Maiti ◽  
P. Satya ◽  
D. Rajkumar ◽  
A. Ramaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Waterlogging Stress ◽  
Anatomical Adaptation

scholarly journals Quantitative Trait Loci for High-Temperature Adult-Plant and Slow-Rusting Resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in Wheat Cultivars

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 803-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Guo ◽  
Z. J. Zhang ◽  
Y. B. Xu ◽  
G. H. Li ◽  
J. Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Infection Type ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Slow Rusting ◽  
Adult Plants

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most damaging diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum) globally. High-temperature adult-plant resistance (HTAPR) and slow-rusting have great potential for sustainable management of the disease. The wheat cultivars Luke and Aquileja have been previously reported to possess HTAPR and slow-rusting to stripe rust, respectively. Aquileja displayed less number of stripes per unit leaf area than Luke, while Luke showed lower infection type than Aquileja at adult-plant stages of growth under high-temperature conditions. The objectives of this study were to confirm the resistances and to map the resistance genes in Luke and Aquileja. Luke was crossed with Aquileja, and 326 of the F2 plants were genotyped using 282 microsatellite primer pairs. These F2 plants and their derived F3 families were evaluated for resistance to stripe rust by inoculation in the fields and greenhouses of high- and low-temperatures. Infection type was recorded for both seedlings and adult plants, and stripe number was recorded for adult plants only. Two quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified, on the short arm of chromosome 2B, to be significantly associated with infection type at adult-plant stages in the fields and in the high-temperature greenhouse. The locus distal to centromere, referred to as QYrlu.cau-2BS1, and the locus proximal to centromere, referred to as QYrlu.cau-2BS2, were separated by a genetic distance of about 23 cM. QYrlu.cau-2BS1 was flanked by the microsatellite markers Xwmc154 and Xgwm148, and QYrlu.cau-2BS2 was flanked by Xgwm148 and Xabrc167. QYrlu.cau-2BS1 and QYrlu.cau-2BS2 explained up to 36.6 and 41.5% of the phenotypic variation of infection type, respectively, and up to 78.1% collectively. No significant interaction between the two loci was detected. Another QTL, referred to as QYraq.cau-2BL, was detected on the long arm of chromosome 2B to be significantly associated with stripe number. QYraq.cau-2BL was flanked by the microsatellite markers Xwmc175 and Xwmc332, and it explained up to 61.5% of the phenotypic variation of stripe number. It is possible that these three QTL are previously unmapped loci for resistance to stripe rust.

Some Aspects of Photoperiodism in Wheat and Its Wild Relatives

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 551 ◽  
Author(s):  
LT Evans ◽  
C Blundell
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Floral Induction ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Dwarfing Genes ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Long Day ◽  
The Times

Experiments with plants grown in controlled environment conditions examine three aspects of photoperiodism in wheat. A survey of the flowering responses of 20 genotypes of diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid wheat cultivars and wild relatives to growth under three daylengths (8, 12, 16 h) after three durations of vernalisation (0, 4, 10 weeks at 20�C) showed that all were long-day plants and many responded to vernalisation. The requirement for long days was most stringent among the diploid progenitors and most relaxed among the hexaploid cultivars. However, not even the earliest flowering spring wheat cultivars (among eight) were entirely daylength-neutral. Minimum times to inflorescence initiation appeared to be determined independently of the responses to daylength. Whereas leaf initiation and appearance rates were hardly influenced by daylength, the rate of spikelet initiation responded to it from the beginning of floral induction, well before the appearance of double ridges. Comparison of the times to double ridges among near-isogenic lines of four spring wheat cultivars (Ciano 67, Yaqui 50, Rescue and April Bearded) showed that each of the three dwarfing genes Rht1, Rht2 and Rht3 advanced inflorescence initiation but without changing the response to daylength.

Antioxidant system response of different wheat cultivars under drought: field and in vitro studies

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hernán R. Lascano ◽  
Gerardo E. Antonicelli ◽  
Celina M. Luna ◽  
Mariana N. Melchiorre ◽  
Leonardo D. Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Antioxidant System ◽  
System Response ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
System Activity ◽  
Water Stress Tolerance

The participation of the antioxidant system in the drought tolerance of wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) was studied under field and in vitro conditions. Under field conditions, drought tolerance was evaluated by the capacity to maintain the grain yield under drought, which was higher in cvv. Elite and La Paz than in the sensitive cvv. Oasis and Cruz Alta. Tolerant cultivars showed lower relative water content (RWC) and lower above-ground vegetative biomass than sensitive cultivars. Field assays did not show a clear correlation between water-stress tolerance and antioxidant system behaviour. However, when leaves of cvv. with contrasting drought tolerance were subjected to osmotic stress in vitro, clear differences in the antioxidant system activity and oxidative damage between cvv. were observed. In the tolerant cultivar Elite, it was possible to observe an increase in ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities, a higher glutathione (GSH) and ascorbate content and less oxidative damage than in the sensitive cultivar Oasis, which showed no changes or only slight decreases in the enzyme activities. These results indicate that water stress tolerance is in part associated with the antioxidant system activity, and suggest that the behaviour of the antioxidant systemin vitro assays can be used as an early selection tool.

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