scholarly journals Methodology for Optimal Placement of Containers in Trains in Case of Cargo Operations Along the Route

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-193
Author(s):  
D. I. Kochneva ◽  
S. V. Siziy ◽  
Hao Chang
Keyword(s):  
Container Terminal ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Intermediate Point ◽  
Iterative Search ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Cargo Handling ◽  
Mathematical Algorithm ◽  
Passenger Traffic ◽  
Optimisation Methods

A new approach to organisation of container block trains is considered based on the principles of passenger traffic. The technology assumes container train’s traffic subject to the timetable with sale of cargo space in the train. The train is made up at the departure station and follows the established route with stops at intermediate container terminals or stations, where a container for which this station is designated as destination is removed and a new container is placed on the vacated place to be delivered to subsequent points of the route.The objective of this study is to develop a methodology for optimal placement of containers in a block train intended for en route cargo handling operations. The technique involves an iterative search for such an order of placement of packages so that containers assigned to each intermediate point are as close to each other as possible. The technique is an authors’ algorithm based on combinatorial optimisation methods.The implementation of the proposed algorithm makes it possible to reduce the excessive mileage of handlers and loaders at intermediate points and, consequently, to increase speed of cargo operations when rearranging containers, as well as to reduce operating costs of using the loading facilities of the container terminal.The proposed mathematical algorithm as compared to exhaustive search allows significantly reducing the number of iterations in search for a solution and can be implemented as software.

Improvement in Queuing Network Model to Reduce Waiting Time at Berthing Area of Port Container Terminal via Discrete Event Simulation

2014 ◽  
Vol 621 ◽  
pp. 253-258
Author(s):  
A. Shahpanah ◽  
S. Shariatmadari ◽  
Ali Chegeni ◽  
A. Gholamkhasi ◽  
M. Shahpanah
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Event Simulation ◽  
Waiting Time ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Discrete Event ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Queuing Network ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Event Simulation ◽  
Queuing Problems

Queuing problems present a gap in the availability of knowledge at port container terminals. This study is focused on various types of services for port container terminal queuing system. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a methodology to decrease waiting time without any reduction in productivity. A new approach for servicing at the queue is proposed, and with this idea waiting time will be reduced without any change in productivity or additional cost. To execute this approach in a port container terminal, berthing areas of the port are simulated with ARENA 13.5, and this new approach is implemented in the model. The result of this change are compared with results of a port container terminal as case study. With implementing this method the waiting time is reduced dramatically and productivity increased slowly.

scholarly journals EVALUATION ON CONTAINER PRODUCTS IN EAST NILAM TERMINAL, TANJUNG PERAK PORT

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Haris Zonakis Timor
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Research Performance ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Cargo Handling ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Forecasting Method ◽  
Scenario Model

Development of a container terminal is needed due to a change in the region, cargo handling, ship technology, and changes in quantity demand. Performance indicators of container terminal container is needed to assess the streamlined of container terminals' operational process in serving the transportation of goods and development activities in the future. The analysis of performance indicator in container terminal will have an impact on improving the current services and future. Therefore, there should be a study to measure the performance indicator in ports or container terminals, especially in the Multipurpose Terminal East Nilam (TMNT) as an object of research. Performance of container terminal as a system with many variables influence can be analyzed with the forecasting method and related theory of applicable equations as well as the application of the model scenarios. Forecasting methods are used to determineTMNT for short-term conditions (2020), medium term (2030), and long-term (2040). The results of the data analysis for the research activities of the secondary data obtained from PT. IPC III branch of Tanjung Perak in 2013, obtained the performance TMNT including BOR (performance dock) 51% and YOR (yard performance)31%. The analysis shows that in 2040, needs a dock length of about TMNT 1,254 meters by nine moorings from existing conditions along the 320 meters with two moorings. The length of East Nilam pier that is not in the revitalization is 540 meters. The development of infrastructure is only possible along the pier 860 meters with six moorings. While the CY area needs about 5 acres from existing condition, which is around 3.8 acres. BOR value and YOR projection reach up to 161% and 145%. This evidence means that the TMNT with existing conditions cannot be used again in 2040. The application of C scenario model by adding 860 meters of dock length with six moorings, will add capacity of the dock up to600,000 TEUs, and elimination of not operating time is capable to lowering the value of the BOR become 41% and YOR become 69%.

Container port throughput analysis and active management using control theory

2021 ◽  
pp. 147509022110208
Author(s):  
Cuong Truong Ngoc ◽  
Xiao Xu ◽  
Hwan-Seong Kim ◽  
Duy Anh Nguyen ◽  
Sam-Sang You
Keyword(s):  
Control Theory ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Maritime Transportation ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Dynamical Analysis ◽  
Series Data

This paper deals with three-dimensional (3D) model of competitive Lotka-Volterra equation to investigate nonlinear dynamics and control strategy of container terminal throughput and capacity. Dynamical behaviors are intensely explored by using eigenvalue evaluation, bifurcation analysis, and time-series data. The dynamical analysis is to show the stability with bifurcation of the competition and collaboration of multiple container terminals in the maritime transportation. Based on the chaotic analysis, the sliding mode control theory has been utilized for optimization of port operations under disruptions. Extensive numerical simulations have been conducted to validate the efficacy and reliability of the presented control algorithms. Particularly, the closed-loop system has been assessed through chaotic suppression and synchronization strategies for port management. Finally, the presented fundamental techniques can be utilized to provide managerial insights and solutions on efficient seaport operations that allow more timely and cost-effective decision making for port authorities in such a highly competitive environment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of CO2 emissions and energy use with different container terminal layouts

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arif Budiyanto ◽  
Muhammad Hanzalah Huzaifi ◽  
Simon Juanda Sirait ◽  
Putu Hangga Nan Prayoga
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Future Planning ◽  
Container Handling

AbstractSustainable development of container terminals is based on energy efficiency and reduction in CO2 emissions. This study estimated the energy consumption and CO2 emissions in container terminals according to their layouts. Energy consumption was calculated based on utility data as well as fuel and electricity consumptions for each container-handling equipment in the container terminal. CO2 emissions were estimated using movement modality based on the number of movements of and distance travelled by each container-handling equipment. A case study involving two types of container terminal layouts i.e. parallel and perpendicular layouts, was conducted. The contributions of each container-handling equipment to the energy consumption and CO2 emissions were estimated and evaluated using statistical analysis. The results of the case study indicated that on the CO2 emissions in parallel and perpendicular layouts were relatively similar (within the range of 16–19 kg/TEUs). These results indicate that both parallel and perpendicular layouts are suitable for future ports based on sustainable development. The results can also be used for future planning of operating patterns and layout selection in container terminals.

scholarly journals The Importance of Environmental Factors in the Planning of Container Terminals: The Case Study of the Port of Augusta

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2153
Author(s):  
Nadia Giuffrida ◽  
Maja Stojaković ◽  
Elen Twrdy ◽  
Matteo Ignaccolo
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Clean Environment ◽  
Different Levels

Container terminals are the main hubs of the global supply chain but, conversely, they play an important role in energy consumption, environmental pollution and even climate change due to carbon emissions. Assessing the environmental impact of this type of port terminal and choosing appropriate mitigation measures is essential to pursue the goals related to a clean environment and ensuring a good quality of life of the inhabitants of port cities. In this paper the authors present a Terminal Decision Support Tool (TDST) for the development of a container terminal that considers both operation efficiency and environmental impacts. The TDST provides environmental impact mitigation measures based on different levels of evolution of the port’s container traffic. An application of the TDST is conducted on the Port of Augusta (Italy), a port that is planning infrastructural interventions in coming years in order to gain a new role as a reference point for container traffic in the Mediterranean.

scholarly journals Noisy Optimization of Dispatching Policy for the Cranes at the Storage Yard in an Automated Container Terminal

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6922
Author(s):  
Jeongmin Kim ◽  
Ellen J. Hong ◽  
Youngjee Yang ◽  
Kwang Ryel Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Container Terminal ◽  
Scoring Function ◽  
Weight Vector ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Exploration And Exploitation ◽  
Noisy Optimization ◽  
Automated Container Terminal ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Operation Schedule

In this paper, we claim that the operation schedule of automated stacking cranes (ASC) in the storage yard of automated container terminals can be built effectively and efficiently by using a crane dispatching policy, and propose a noisy optimization algorithm named N-RTS that can derive such a policy efficiently. To select a job for an ASC, our dispatching policy uses a multi-criteria scoring function to calculate the score of each candidate job using a weighted summation of the evaluations in those criteria. As the calculated score depends on the respective weights of these criteria, and thus a different weight vector gives rise to a different best candidate, a weight vector can be deemed as a policy. A good weight vector, or policy, can be found by a simulation-based search where a candidate policy is evaluated through a computationally expensive simulation of applying the policy to some operation scenarios. We may simplify the simulation to save time but at the cost of sacrificing the evaluation accuracy. N-RTS copes with this dilemma by maintaining a good balance between exploration and exploitation. Experimental results show that the policy derived by N-RTS outperforms other ASC scheduling methods. We also conducted additional experiments using some benchmark functions to validate the performance of N-RTS.

scholarly journals Truck Appointment System for Cooperation between the Transport Companies and the Terminal Operator at Container Terminals

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Hyeonu Im ◽  
Jiwon Yu ◽  
Chulung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cooperation Model ◽  
Appointment System ◽  
New Form ◽  
Truck Appointment System ◽  
Import Container ◽  
Very High

Despite the number of sailings canceled in the past few months, as demand has increased, the utilization of ships has become very high, resulting in sudden peaks of activity at the import container terminals. Ship-to-ship operations and yard activity at the container terminals are at their peak and starting to affect land operations on truck arrivals and departures. In response, a Truck Appointment System (TAS) has been developed to mitigate truck congestion that occurs between the gate and the yard of the container terminal. The vehicle booking system is developed and operated in-house at large-scale container terminals, but efficiency is low due to frequent truck schedule changes by the transport companies (forwarders). In this paper, we propose a new form of TAS in which the transport companies and the terminal operator cooperate. Numerical experiments show that the efficiency of the cooperation model is better by comparing the case where the transport company (forwarder) and the terminal operator make their own decision and the case where they cooperate. The cooperation model shows higher efficiency as there are more competing transport companies (forwarders) and more segmented tasks a truck can reserve.

Optimal berth allocation under regular and emergent vessel arrivals

2020 ◽  
pp. 147509022093788
Author(s):  
Abbas Al-Refaie ◽  
Hala Abedalqader
Keyword(s):  
Waiting Time ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Allocation Problem ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Satisfaction Level ◽  
Berth Allocation ◽  
Scheduling Problems ◽  
Berth Allocation Problem ◽  
Quay Crane Assignment

This research proposes two optimization models to deal with the berth allocation problem. The first model considers the berth allocation problem under regular vessel arrivals to minimize the flow time of vessels in the marine container terminal, minimize the tardiness penalty costs, and maximize the satisfaction level of vessels’ operators on preferred times of departure. The second model optimizes the berth allocation problem under emergency conditions by maximizing the number of assigned vessels, minimizing the vessel’s waiting time, and maximizing the satisfaction level on the served ships. Two real examples are provided for model illustration under regular and emergent vessel arrivals. Results show that the proposed models effectively provide optimal vessel scheduling in the terminal, reduce costs at an acceptable satisfaction level of vessels’ operators, decrease the waiting time of vessels, and shorten the delay in departures under both regular and emergent vessel arrivals. In conclusion, the proposed models may provide valuable assistance to decision-makers in marine container terminals on determining optimal berth allocation under daily and emergency vessel arrivals. Future research considers quay crane assignment and scheduling problems.

scholarly journals Оценка производительности причала для целей имитационного моделирования

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L. Kuznetsov ◽  
A.V. Galin ◽  
A.D. Semenov ◽  
E.V. Vinogradova
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Container Shipping ◽  
Analytical Reasoning ◽  
Random Nature ◽  
Sea Coast

В работе отмечается, что одной из наиболее актуальных задач имитационного моделирования в области морских контейнерных перевозок является взаимодействие между собой контейнерных терминалов одного порта или нескольких портов морского побережья (морского фасада хинтерленда).По этой причине в статье рассматриваются методы оценки производительности причала, основанные на статистических данных и методе Монте-Карло, преимуществом которых является возможность оценить производительность всех операций контейнерного терминала с учетом случайного характера продолжительности отдельных движений путем наблюдения лишь за некоторыми, наиболее часто встречающимися операциями. Эти методы могут использоваться для решения задачи о взаимодействующих терминалах, когда суда осуществляют погрузо-разгрузочные операции на нескольких терминалах порта в рамках одного судозахода. Информация о производительности причала позволяет промоделировать данную систему без учета внутренних процессов контейнерного терминала. В работе доказывается, что существует зависимость между производительностью причала и размером судозахода судна. Корреляционно-регрессионный анализ позволил выявить наиболее подходящие формы зависимости линейную и степенную. В работе также получены оценки разброса выявленных зависимостей для целей имитационного моделирования. Полученная зависимость доказывает адекватность аналитических рассуждений о производительности причала, представленных в предыдущих работах.The paper notes that one of the most important tasks of simulation in the field of container shipping is the interaction of container terminals of one port or several ports of the sea coast (sea front of the hinterland) .For this reason, the article discusses methods for assessing the performance of a berth based on statistical data and Monte Carlo method, the advantage of which is the ability to evaluate the performance of all operations of the container terminal, taking into account the random nature of individual movements by monitoring only for some of the most frequently used operations. These methods can be used to solve the problem of interacting terminals when ships carry out loading and discharging operations at several port terminals within the framework of a single call. Information about the berth productivity allows to simulate this system without taking into account the internal processes of the container terminal. The paper proves that there is a relationship between the berth productivity and the size of the ships call. Correlation-regression analysis revealed the most appropriate forms of dependence - linear and power-law. The paper also obtained estimates of the spread of identified dependencies for the purpose of simulation. The obtained dependence proves the adequacy of analytical reasoning about the performance of the berth presented in previous works.

scholarly journals Simulation Analysis on Dangerous Goods Accident in Container Terminals

2020 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 03004
Author(s):  
Qiao Jianzhe ◽  
Shou Youping ◽  
Zhao Junjie
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Shipping Industry ◽  
Dangerous Goods ◽  
Calculation Results

In general, transportation of Dangerous Goods in the port and shipping industry is mainly based on the container. This paper summarized the types of container terminal accidents, and put forward a method to select source of pollutants, and showed pollution range of typical accidents, provided the basis for the decision of management department. Taking a domestic container terminal as an example, the calculation results show that, under the premise of taking corresponding measures, the pollution range of accidents is not wide, and the risk is controllable.

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