The Participation Legacy at Olympic Games

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-262
Author(s):  
Gregory T. papanikou
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Sports Policy ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Additional Explanation

The legacy of participating in Olympic Games has not been extensively researched when it is compared with the huge literature of bidding/hosting Olympic Games and the determinants of Olympic success and failures in winning Olympic medals. This paper addresses this issue descriptively by emphasizing the need to do more theoretical and empirical research to explain why so many countries and athletes participate at the Olympic Games even though they have no chance of winning any medal and/or bid and host future Olympic Games. Apart from the personal joy of the participating athlete and the national pride of a participating country, one possible additional explanation might be the human capital generated by participating which can be used to promote youth and grassroot sport participation. The extent that this has been used by national sports policy authorities is suggested to be the subject of future empirical research. Keywords: Olympic Games, sports participation, cost-benefit analysis, Olympic legacy, Olympic medals, national sports policy

The Use of Cost-Benefit Analysis for Evaluating Efficiency of Public Investment Projects (The Case of Sochi-2014 Winter Olympic Games)

2011 ◽  
pp. 57-78
Author(s):  
I. Pilipenko
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
The Usa

The paper analyzes shortcomings of economic impact studies based mainly on input- output models that are often employed in Russia as well as abroad. Using studies about sport events in the USA and Olympic Games that took place during the last 30 years we reveal advantages of the cost-benefit analysis approach in obtaining unbiased assessments of public investments efficiency; the step-by-step method of cost-benefit analysis is presented in the paper as well. We employ the project of Sochi-2014 Winter Olympic and Paralympic Games in Russia to evaluate its efficiency using cost-benefit analysis for five accounts (areas of impact), namely government, households, environment, economic development, and social development, and calculate the net present value of the project taking into account its possible alternatives. In conclusion we suggest several policy directions that would enhance public investment efficiency within the Sochi-2014 Olympics.

Drug costs and treatment choices: a DTB symposium

1993 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Drug Costs ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Treatment Choices ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Service Managers

The relationship between drug costs and treatment choices was the subject of the first annual Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin symposium held in March 1993.* In a time of severe financial constraints for the NHS it is important that the money available is well spent. In the case of treatment that means the benefits must be worth the cost. There is, however, no agreed way of deciding when a particular health benefit to an individual is worth the cost to the NHS. Drug prices are easier to measure and more consistent than the prices of other treatments, and may be more amenable to cost-benefit analysis. Treatment choices are made primarily by doctors but with critical input from patients, pharmacists, nurses and health service managers. In this article we give an overview of the symposium at which speakers described ways in which drug costs and treatment choices were tackled in general practice (Ann McPherson, John Howie), in hospital (Dorothy Anderson), in clinical research and audit (Iain Chalmers, Alison Frater), by consumers (Anna Bradley), by health economists (Mike Drummond) and by government (Joe Collier). We also take into account points raised in discussion by the participants.

scholarly journals Towards the Creative-Oriented University

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 07-14
Author(s):  
Mehdi Tajpour ◽  
Elahe Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Entrepreneurial Universities ◽  
Informal Networks ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Progressive Organizations ◽  
Entrepreneurial Capital

Entrepreneurial universities are the center of progressive organizations that have reconsidered themselves in order to adapt to complex environmental conditions. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate the towards the creative-oriented university. In this research, which has used descriptive methods, in order to understand the concepts of towards the creative-oriented university, the background of the subject has been studied in the form of library and documentary studies. Thus,conclusion show that the effect of entrepreneurial universities on a regional scale extends far beyond commercial outputs while a simple cost-benefit analysis can provide indirect and tangible results in terms of human capital attraction, entrepreneurial capital formation, informal networks, new ideas, and so on.

Who Gains?

2005 ◽  
Vol 1906 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
Mogens Fosgerau ◽  
Niels Buus Kristensen
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Partial Equilibrium ◽  
Recent Analysis ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
European Network ◽  
Partial Equilibrium Model ◽  
Infrastructure Project ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Public Decision

A public decision by several countries on whether to cofinance an international infrastructure project is the subject of a cost–benefit analysis (CBA). The CBA elements are broken out and analyzed for each country. The issue of freight user benefits is discussed, and results are derived from a partial equilibrium model and point toward practical applicability. A recent analysis of the Fehmarn Belt Bridge, which will connect Denmark and Germany in a link in the Trans-European Network for Transport, is used for illustrative purposes.

scholarly journals Towards the Creative-Oriented University

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 07-14
Author(s):  
Mehdi Tajpour ◽  
Elahe Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Entrepreneurial Universities ◽  
Informal Networks ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Progressive Organizations ◽  
Entrepreneurial Capital

Entrepreneurial universities are the center of progressive organizations that have reconsidered themselves in order to adapt to complex environmental conditions. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate the towards the creative-oriented university. In this research, which has used descriptive methods, in order to understand the concepts of towards the creative-oriented university, the background of the subject has been studied in the form of library and documentary studies. Thus,conclusion show that the effect of entrepreneurial universities on a regional scale extends far beyond commercial outputs while a simple cost-benefit analysis can provide indirect and tangible results in terms of human capital attraction, entrepreneurial capital formation, informal networks, new ideas, and so on.

Resilience in social and economic systems: a concept that fails the cost–benefit test?

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
NICK HANLEY
Keyword(s):  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Ecological Concept ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Cost

One of the first lessons that students of cost-benefit analysis (CBA) learn is to ask whether projects or policies which they are studying generate additional benefits or costs, relative to the status quo. They are also told to be very careful in defining the project/policy which is the subject of their analysis. In my view, the ecological concept of resilience fails the CBA test, when applied to the study of economic and social systems, because it offers no additional insights to those we have already, and appears to be poorly defined.

COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF ALLOGROOMING BEHAVIOUR IN CERCOCEBUS TORQUATUS LUNULATUS

Behaviour ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Alea ◽  
Maribel Baldellou ◽  
Joaquim Vea ◽  
Ana Perez Perez
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Point ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Cercocebus Torquatus ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Energetic Expenditure

AbstractWe assume that allogrooming is an activity which yields various benefits to the participants and at the same time its practice requires a resource investment. In this work we aim to quantify the costs and benefits derived for each subject by performing allogrooming in order to find the maximum net benefit gained and the equilibrium point above which a major allogrooming investment would not increase the benefits obtained. The data were obtained observing the members of a captive troop (N = 9) of white crowned mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus lunulatus) at the Barcelona Zoo. Allogrooming time and the preceding and following context were recorded for each actor. The costs were quantified as the energetic expenditure required to perform allogrooming as proposed by Coelho (1974). The benefits were estimated from the frequency and duration of bouts associated to transitions preceded by an agonistic context and followed by a neutral context. The equilibrium values of time spent in allogrooming, for which the costs equalled the benefits, and the value for time invested corresponding to maximal net benefits, were estimated from the theoretical model adjusted to the data. It was found that the differences between the equilibrium point and the maximal net benefit were correlated with the age of the subject, which can be understood as an effect of learning the relation cost-benefit of allogrooming to maintain low levels of agonism within the troop.

scholarly journals Ethical Review in the Age of Artificial Intelligence

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Heo
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Ethical Review ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Intelligent Machines ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
The Subject

Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning, has made significant strides in the past decade. Due to the widely applicable nature of this technology, the emergence of increasingly intelligent machines is poised to transform today’s society. Recently, the rate of AI development has aroused significant concerns due to the lack of guiding policy and regulation. Thus, it is integral for the public to recognize the technology and make informed choices regarding the future of AI. This paper serves to acquaint the layperson and other stakeholders involved in AI development with the current progress of AI and the ethical concerns that must be addressed before significant advancements. The subject of discussion is narrowed down to three fields of AI’s most prominent use: (1) the internet; (2) the automotive industry; and (3) the healthcare industry. For each sector, the foundation of the domain-specific AI technique is introduced, the benefits and ethical ramifications are discussed, and a final cost-benefit analysis is provided.

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