scholarly journals Features of accumulation of heavy metals of urban soils of Lviv

2013 ◽  
pp. 33-45
Author(s):  
Ivan Voloshyn ◽  
Olga Omelchenko
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Anomalous Field ◽  
The City

The structure of the urbanized soils of the city of Lviv is investigated. Features of pollution by heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Pb, Be, Ni, Ti, V, Mo, Ba, Sr, Zr, Cu, Cd, Cr, Zn, Co, Sn) the transformed soils in various types of landscapes are defined. Made maps contents and distribution of technogenic pollutants also are reflected regularities of formation metal-anomalous fields within the urban area. Key words: heavy metals, urban soils, technogenic pollutants, urboarea, metal-anomalous field.

Unaccounted Environmental Risk of Fuel Filling Stations in the City

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
G.I. Sarapulova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Geochemical Barrier ◽  
Filling Station ◽  
The City

The statistically significant geochemical dependences of the dynamic behavior of petroleum products in urban soils in the fuel filling station zone are considered, the areal of their distribution are determined. The techniques used make it possible not only to identify laterally manmade modules of environmental hazard (laterally module) when oil products come from fuel filling stations, but also to determine additional factors of unaccounted environmental risk, for example, the process of accumulation of heavy metals in the soil profile in excess of the standards on the resulting geochemical barrier in the form of oil products. The risk assessment of oil product supply facilities should be carried out taking into account the specifics of the distribution of toxicants in technogenically altered soils.

Heavy metals in urban soils: a case study from the city of Palermo (Sicily), Italy

2002 ◽  
Vol 300 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 229-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Salvagio Manta ◽  
Massimo Angelone ◽  
Adriana Bellanca ◽  
Rodolfo Neri ◽  
Mario Sprovieri
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
The City

scholarly journals Heavy Metals in Soils Affected by Coal Enterprises and Their Impact on Human Health

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-26
Author(s):  
Язиков ◽  
E. Yazikov ◽  
Осипова ◽  
N. Osipova ◽  
Тарасова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
Coal Enterprises ◽  
The City ◽  
Primary Contribution ◽  
Calculated Analysis ◽  
Heavy Metals In Soils

Concentrations of heavy metals in Southern Kuzbass urban soils affected by coal mining industry and sity boilers were studied. The risks of toxic effects of elements found in soils as a result of geochemical sampling (200 samples) were identified. The hazard ratio during the intake of elements - toxins into the human body orally and via inhalation was calculated. Analysis of uncertainty in the estimation of the average daily doses was carried out. The obtained risk parameters fall into the category of permissible or acceptable. The primary contribution to the total hazard ratio is made by the manganese, cobalt, copper, and arsenic. These elements show special features of the soil in the affected area of coal mining, urban boilers everywhere and the activity of repair — metallurgical and foundry businesses locally. No pronounced differentiation of the city areas according to the value of the hazard ratio was discovered.

scholarly journals Heavy metals concentration in soils from parks and green areas in Belgrade

2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 697-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Marjanovic ◽  
Marija Vukcevic ◽  
Dusan Antonovic ◽  
Suzana Dimitrijevic ◽  
Djordje Jovanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The City ◽  
Very High ◽  
Pb Concentration

The current study included the investigation of several metals and their distribution in urban soils from parks and green areas in the city of Belgrade. The soils were sampled in January and February 2008. The concentrations of Cd, Co, Cu, Pb, Mn and Zn were measured, as well as the pH values and organic matter contents. The obtained results showed that there was a significant level of contamination in some samples, especially with lead, and that it was most probably caused by anthropogenic activities, mostly from traffic. The results were compared with the National legislation and Netherlands standards. Also, the recent results were compared with the data from previous work and it was concluded that there has been a certain increase of the Pb concentration in the past three years. The level of pollution in playground soil was very high and each analyzed sample exceeded the Dutch target value for Cd, Co and Pb.

Heavy metals in shallow groundwater of the urban area in Suzhou, northern Anhui Province, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linhua Sun ◽  
Weihua Peng
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Anhui Province ◽  
Pollution Indices ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
The City

Urbanization and related human activities have brought bad effects to the environment, especially shallow groundwater systems in urban areas. In this study, sixty-three shallow groundwater samples in the urban area of Suzhou, northern Anhui Province, China were collected and analyzed for the concentrations of eight heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cr, Cd, Cu, Pb and Ni). The results indicate that some of the heavy metals (Zn, Ni, Cr, Cd and Fe) are present below the international drinking water standards but more than half of the sources sampled do not meet the requirements for Mn, Cu and Pb. Quality assessment suggests that all of the samples have heavy metal pollution indices (HPI) lower than 100, implying that they can be used for drinking directly. However, the degrees of contamination (Cd) observed suggest that about one third of the samples are classified as heavily polluted. Heavy densities of population and traffic in the old quarter of the city are considered responsible for the pollution of the groundwater system in the city. Moreover, Cd, Pb, Ni and Mn are identified as metals affected by human activities, whereas Fe, Zn, Cu and Cr are considered to originate from the natural environment, based on the comparison of spatial distributions of HPI, Cd and heavy metal concentrations, as well as factor analysis.

Surface runoff deposits and soils contamination in urban areas in Belarus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marharyta Kazyrenka ◽  
Tamara Kukharchyk
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Industrial Areas ◽  
Industrial Sites ◽  
Industrial Enterprises

<p>In the paper the results of study of surface runoff deposits and soils in two Belarusian cities are shown. It is known that urban soils are under significant anthropogenic impact. Investigations of industrial areas are limited due to the lack of direct access to them. In the same time soils on industrial sites can be a significant source of further contamination of adjacent urban area as a result of water and wind activity. Thus, surface runoff deposits can serve as an indicator of industrial soil pollution. Moreover, the redistribution of pollutants with surface runoff can also cause secondary urban soil contamination. The understanding of pollutants migration and accumulation in urban soils and their possible exposure routes into rivers is an important part of urban area investigations and planning.</p><p>The main objective of the study was an assessment the levels of pollutants in runoff deposits and revealing the role of surface runoff in the migration of pollutants from industrial sites.</p><p>Investigations of urban areas were carried out in 2008–2019 in Minsk and Lida, Grodno region (Belarus). Soil samples were taken form upper soil layer (mainly 0-5, 0-10 cm) in the territory of industrial enterprises and in their impact zones. Runoff deposits were sampled mainly in areas covered with asphalt or concrete near industrial enterprises and along roads. Particular attention was paid to areas with a slope of surface from enterprises. AAS  method for heavy metals  determination was applied; the content of total petroleum hydrocarbons was determined by fluorimetric method. </p><p>Elevated content of heavy metals and petroleum hydrocarbons in surface runoff deposits has been revealed. The concentrations of pollutants in runoff deposits were many times higher than in soils. Significance of differences between pollutants content in soils and deposits samples is statistically confirmed. Exceeding the maximum permissible concentrations for petroleum hydrocarbons was observed in 100%, for metals – in 70–100% of analyzed surface runoff deposits samples.</p><p>The findings confirm an important role of surface runoff in migration and accumulation of pollutants and suggest the need for more in-depth studies of urban areas with the study of local erosive processes, the characteristics of formation  and role of surface runoff in the migration and redistribution of pollutants outside their direct sources. The adoption of measures to prevent pollutants migration from industrial areas is an important factor in improving the state of soils in urban areas.</p>

scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL SPECIFICS OF SOIL AND PLANT COVERING OF URBAN LANDSCAPES (IN THE TOWN OF BROVARY AS AN EXAMPLE)

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-222
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Splodytel
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Alnus Incana ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Absorption Coefficients ◽  
The City

The results of the pollutants content research in urbanized landscapes soils of Ukraine (on the example of Brovary city, Kyiv region) were shown. The total and mobile contents data of chemical elements (Ni, Co, Zn, V, Pb, Cr, Cu) were obtained and analyzed using the methods of landscape-geochemical studies, analytical and statistical methods. The dependences of the vegetation resistance in cities to the level of soil cover contamination and the degree of heavy metals income have been established. The geochemical characteristics (such as the value of the accumulation coefficients; concentration of soil and vegetation cover; index of biogeochemical activity of the species within Brovary city) were analyzed. Throughout most of the city territory, the level of soil contamination is above average. Soils are characterized by the following association of heavy metals: Cu> Pb> Zn> Co> Cr> V> Mo> Mn> Ni. The dominant association is distributed heterogeneous throughout the city, forming geochemical anomalies depending on the source of contamination. The maximum technogenic load was recorded in urban soils areas within zones of transport infrastructure, production and communal-warehouse facilities.Woody vegetation is the most actively absorbed copper, manganese from the soil, and the least intensively absorbed chromium, vanadium and nickel. The biogeochemical activity coefficient of the research species is the following: Acer platanoides - 7,26, Betula pendula Roth. - 7,07, and Populus deltoides - 7,05, Pínus sylvestris - 1.32 and Alnus incana - 3.37. The biological absorption coefficients of manganese and copper are high because these metals have the ability to form strong complexes with organic matter. Biological absorption coefficients of vanadium and chromium is low for the researched plant species because these chemical elements are immobile in soils. For the city of Brovary, the presence of polyelemental contamination of soil and vegetation has been established. According to the indicators of the gross content of VM, the main pollutants are Cu, Zn, Pb and Mn. Concentrations of gross and mobile forms of VM exceed background values ​​and maximum concentration limits in 17-28 times. The maximum of man-caused load was recorded in the urban soils of the transport infrastructure zone and the zone of production and communal-warehouse facilities. Regularities of formation of elemental composition of plants of urban areas undergo significant changes in comparison with natural conditions, which is due to the strengthening of the role of foliar absorption of pollutants from the air and their high content in soils. The greatest ability to bioaccumulate has a male thyroid (Dryopteris filix-mas Schott) and birch (Convolvulus arvensis). The highest coefficient of biogeochemical activity of the studied species is Acer platanoides - 7.26, hanging birch (Betula pendula Roth.) - 7.07 and Canadian poplar (Populus deltoides) - 7.05, the lowest - Scots pine (Pínus sylvеstris ) - 1.32 and gray alder (Alnus incana) - 3.37. Weakly and very weakly, most of the studied plant species capture vanadium and chromium, which are relatively sedentary in the soil. Further research is needed to analyze the physicochemical parameters of soils, the coefficients of transition of metals to plants relative to their content in organic and mobile form in order to establish the relationships that characterize the process of translocation of chemical elements. Keywords: landscape-geochemical conditions, heavy metals, soils, vegetation.

ЭКОЛОГО-ГЕОХИМИЧЕСКОЕ РАЙОНИРОВАНИЕ ТЕРРИТОРИИГ. БИРОБИДЖАНА ПО УРОВНЮ ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ СНЕЖНОГО ПОКРОВА

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.B. Kalmanova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Constructive Method ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Mobile Sources ◽  
Arcview Gis ◽  
Very High

В статье представлены результаты исследования экологогеохимического состояния снежного покрова как индикатора качества атмосферного воздуха г. Биробиджана. Выявлены основные природные и антропогенные факторы, предопределяющие экологическое состояние городской территории в зимний период (климатические, планировочная структура, стационарные и мобильные источники загрязнения). Определено, что выбросы основных загрязнителей во время отопительного сезона превышает летний в 6,5 раз. Проведены геохимические исследования снежного покрова на 60 экспериментальных площадках, заложенных в различных функциональных зонах города. Выявлено значительное превышение тяжелых металлов над фоновым уровнем: железа до 60, марганца до 50, меди до 40, цинка до 20, никеля до 12, свинца до 10, кобальта до 6 раз. С 2003 по 2018 годы содержание химических элементов в снеге увеличилось в 2 раза за счет мобильных источников загрязнения, ТЭЦ, котельных. Проведена сравнительная характеристика накопления тяжелых металлов в снеге за 2003 и 2018 годы и установлен ранжированный ряд загрязняющих токсичных веществ. Разработана шкала оценки загрязнения депонирующих сред по суммарному показателю концентрации тяжелых металлов, согласно которой в Биробиджане выявлено 5 уровней загрязнения снежного покрова. В целом экологическое состояние урбанизированной территории признано неудовлетворительным (8 площади территории относится к очень высокому, 14 к высокому, 21 к выше среднему, 27 к среднему уровням загрязнения, 30 к относительно чистым районам города). По полученным результатам разработана карта в программе ArcView GIS Экологогеохимическое районирование территории г. Биробиджана по уровню загрязнения снежного покрова с выделением наиболее загрязненных участков (70 от общей площади города является загрязненной). По результатам проведенных исследований предложены конструктивные методы планирования урбанизированной территории с целью улучшения ее экологического состояния: проведение геомониторинга (контроль загрязнения снежного покрова и своевременный его вывоз на специально оборудованные полигоны). Snow cover is taken as an indicator of air quality using Birobidzhan, a middlesize city in the Russian Far East, as a case study. The main natural and manmade determinants influencing the ecological state of the urban area in winter are identified: climate, a planning structure, and the stationary and mobile sources of pollution. During the heating season the emission of major pollutants exceeds the summer level by 6.5 times. The geochemical study of snow cover was performed at 60 experimental sites in different functional urban areas. A significant excess of heavy metals over the regional background level was revealed: iron up to 60 times, manganese up to 50, copper up to 40, zinc up to 20 , nickel up to 12, lead up to 10, cobalt up to 6 times. From 2003 to 2018 the content of chemical elements in snow increased in 2 times due to the mobile sources of pollution, thermal power plants, and boilers. The comparative characteristic of accumulation of heavy metals in snow for 2003 and 2018 is carried out, and the ranked number of polluting toxic substances is established. The scale of pollution assessment in depositing environments was developed using the cumulative indicator of heavy metal concentration. Five levels of snow cover pollution are found in Birobidzhan: low, moderate, above moderate, high and very high. As a whole, the ecological state of the urban area is considered as unsatisfactory (8 of the area with a very high level of pollution, 14 with high, 21 above moderate, 27 a moderate level of pollution, 30 a relatively clean area). According to the results, a map was developed in the ArcView GIS program Ecological and geochemical zoning of Birobidzhan, using the level of the snow cover pollution with the allocation of the most polluted areas (70 of the total area of the city is polluted). According to the results, a constructive method of planning in an urban area is proposed in order to improve its environmental condition: geomonitoring as a control of pollution in snow cover and its prompt removal to specially equipped landfills.

Жизненное состояние древесных насаждений в условиях города Актобе (Казахстан)

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
S. A. Abiev ◽  
S. A. Aipeisova ◽  
N. A. Utarbaeva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Health State ◽  
Urban Habitats ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Vital State ◽  
Ulmus Laevis ◽  
Urban Conditions ◽  
The City ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

<p>The purpose of our work is to assess the health state of woody plants growing in different habitats of the city of Aktobe. We have studied the health state of arboreal and shrubby plants growing in various urban habitats; the survey was conducted during 2016-2017 by route-visual method. We performed the analysis of species diversity, abundance and density in urban area. The assessment of health state of the trees was made according to V.A. Alekseev. From your data and literature review we established that such species as Ulmus pinnato-ramosa, Acer negundo, Populus tremula, Populus nigra, and Syringa vulgaris have strong winter resistnce in the territory of Aktobe; we registered that only their apex buds and emds of the shoots were frozen in severe winters. The medium-resistant speices include Ulmus laevis and Acer platonoides. They are less plastic and suffer from late spring and early autumn frosts. The Amorpha fruticosa, Vitis vinifera, and Parthenocissus guinguefolia could be considered as the non-resistant species, since they usually freeze up to the snow cover line. The analysis of the vital state made it possible to assess the resistance to urban conditions of the majority of trees and shrubs registered in urban habitats of Aktobe. According to the preliminary data, the origin of the plant and its winter resistance are of main importance when introducing new species to urban area.</p>

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