Far from equilibrium Chiral Magnetic Effect in Strong Magnetic Fields from Holography

We study the real time evolution of the chiral magnetic effect out-ofequilibrium in strongly coupled anomalous field theories. We match the parameters of our model to QCD parameters and draw lessons of possible relevance for the realization of the chiral magnetic effect in heavy ion collisions. In particular, we find an equilibration time of about ~ 0:35 fm/c in presence of the chiral anomaly for plasma temperatures of order T ~ 300 - 400 MeV.

Multiparameter approach in the deep geoelectrics

The main provisions of geoelectrics are described, the importance of taking into account the ambiguity of its inverse problem is emphasized. Three main methods of deep geoelectrics which use natural fields of ionospheric-magnetospheric origin are considered: geomagnetic deep sounding (GDS), magnetotelluric sounding (MTS), and magnetovariational profiling (MVP). The response functions of each method are described. Each response function carries its own specific information about some parameters of the studied object and is characterized by the degree of reliability of the information about the object extracted from it. For example, the most reliable information about electrical conductivity anomalies (if any in the study area) is contained in the MVP response functions. The horizontal tensor of the anomalous field contains information about the electrical conductivity under the observation point, and the tipper (induction vector) contains information from the surrounding areas. In general, MVP information is less susceptible to distortions than MTS information and deserves more trust. Artificial field sources in deep geoelectrics are rarely used due to their high cost. Since 1970, two powerful sources created for other purposes arised on the Kola Peninsula and were used for deep sounding. In the center of these studies found themself young talented geologist-geophysicist and organizer of major projects AbdulkhaiAzimovichZhamaletdinov. The «Khibiny» project with an MHD generator and an ultra-deep well as one of the objects of the study, the «Zeus» low-frequency emitter, the signals of which were recorded in China at a distance of 7000 km, and a number of projects conceived and organized by Zhamaletdinov and executed under his leadership: «Volgograd-Donbass» (1979, 1986), experiments «PHOENIX» (2007, 2009, 2014, 2019) and others. At the same time, methods of interpretation were developed for sounding with artificial EM sources and new response functions were obtained which make it possible to «see» the object of research in a new way. This experience must be preserved, generalized, improved and used, for example as follows. In the area of modern synchronous multipoint MTS-MVP survey, a controlled source composed of two grounded lines emits strong current (harmonics at fixed frequencies and/or pulses) which signal will be recorded by survey instruments during night-time sessions.

THREE-DIMENSIONAL DENSITY MODEL OF THE UPPER CRUST AT THE JUNCTION OF THE LOSEVSKY AND DONSKOY TERRANES (VORONEZH CRYSTALLINE MASSIF)

The results of detailed three-dimensional density modeling of the upper crust of the area located in the southeastern part of the Voronezh crystalline massif at the junction of the Losevsky and Donskoy terranes and, partially, the Vorontsovsky terrane are presented. The resulting model was built based on the inversion of local anomalies of the gravity field into anomalous density values, taking into account all available geological and geophysical information. The field inversion was implemented within the framework of the starting model developed on the basis of the regional density model and corresponding gravitational field of the East European platform lithosphere, generalized information on the density of rocks of the sedimentary cover and crystalline basement, the thickness of the «gravitational» layer obtained by statistical analysis of the anomalous field, and geological data and topography. The resulting model shows density distribution of the crystalline basement rocks to a depth of 16 km, and provides thus fundamentally new information about the geological structure of the upper crust of the area. The model makes it possible to trace geological objects, which are most expressive in terms of density, at deep levels, and allows interpreting the relationship between the Losevsky and Donskoy terranes in the upper-middle crust. The consistency of the model and observed gravitational fields indicates the reliability of the obtained results.

Frontal variability and its impact on chlorophyll in the Arabian Sea

<p>Sixteen years satellite observations are used to investigate the frontogenesis, frontal variability and its impact on chlorophyll in the Arabian Sea. Large frontal probability (FP) and high chlorophyll mainly happens near the coast, e.g., near Somalia and Oman, and its value generally decreases with offshore distance. An Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) is used to disentangle the spatial and temporal variability of front and chlorophyll. Prominent seasonal cycle of frontal activities is identified, peaking in summer when southwest wind prevails. The seasonality for chlorophyll is same with wind and front near Somalia, which largely impacted by monsoon. During summer, the southwest monsoon drives offshore Ekman transport and induces coastal upwelling. It transports subsurface cold water and nutrients to the surface layer, which generates fronts and enhances chlorophyll, respectively. The frontal activities can be used as an indicator to determine the chlorophyll level that high chlorophyll happens when frontal probability gets higher than 2%. At anomalous field, stronger wind can induce higher frontal activities and chlorophyll. The impact of wind on frontogenesis can extend 1,000km offshore and a simplified linear regression is applied to quantify their relationship. The variability of wind leads chlorophyll by lags increasing with distance, indicating a horizontal offshore transport of coastal water. In winter, the northeast wind is not upwelling favorable, thus the frontal activities and chlorophyll are greatly reduced off Somalia. During this period, large chlorophyll is found in the north off Oman because of mixing, thus its relationship with front is less pronounced. In the upwelling regions, fronts act as an intermedia process that connecting the wind forcing and responses of ecosystem. The frontal activities in Arabian Sea is fundamentally important to improve our understanding of monsoon related ocean dynamics.</p>

Self-Potential signals produced by pumping test of heterogeneous aquifer

In this paper, we presented results of interpretation of Self-Potential (SP) signals produced by pumping test experiment of heterogeneous aquifer. Heterogeneity is represented by zone with low and high hydraulic conductivity in two types of configuration: planned boundary and strip-layer. We studied five models for each type of heterogeneity with two variants of hydraulic conductivity. We carried out three-dimensional modelling with the use of Modflow (for hydraulic heads and electrical potentials) and ElSources (for current source term). We obtained SP distributions Self-Potential produced by pumping test which indicate heterogeneity. We calculated the values of the anomalous field for a detailed study of the heterogeneties. We found a correlation between SP and drawdown for the case of heterogeneity with low hydraulic conductivity. We defined the both boundaries of the strip clearly for zone with low hydraulic conductivity. The outer boundary of the strip-layer was not fixed due to the high hydraulic conductivity of the heterogeneity and low hydraulic gradient at the boundary. We estimated dependence of horizontal thickness of heterogeneity on SP distribution. The results can serve as a base for defining the heterogeneties in the aquifer.

INTERPRETATION POSSIBILITIES OF DISC TYPE SOURCES ELECTRIC FIELDS

As a result of aging of the protective insulation layer of underground pipelines, which occurs under the influence of external factors, in the insulating protective layer can form places where the insulation is damaged that cause a leakage of electric current under the protective potential of the pipe. These processes lead to a decrease in the protective potential of underground pipelines, and thus to a deterioration in the protection of underground utility system. Such damage locations are recorded by surveying the distribution of the electric potential "soil-pipe" (Usp) along the pipeline route by the remote electrode and measuring the "transverse and longitudinal gradients" of the electric field. Since the places of electric current leakage are sources of electric fields, it is important to know the features of these fields in order to assess the degree and extent of damage. From a fundamental point of view, this question comes down to solving the inverse problem of electrometry for fields created by different structure sources. In the case of detailing anomalies, it is desirable to obtain electrometric survey data with an accuracy that allows to apply for their quantitative interpretation methods that base on analytical relationships for anomalies of these parameters. In this paper there is an analysis of the possibilities of using methods which is appropriate for fields created by point sources to interpret the anomalous field caused by a source of leakage current of the disk type damage.