Determination of tropospheric mean carbon dioxide concentration from satellite high spectral resolution IR-sounder data

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Kukharskii ◽  
A. B. Uspenskii
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
High Spectral Resolution

scholarly journals Method for Estimation of CO2 Gains from Persons in Builidings

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (20) ◽  
pp. 1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Rodero ◽  
Dorota Anna Krawczyk
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Sources Of Co2

Carbon dioxide concentration is an important parameter to know Indoor Air Quality of a building. One of the most important sources of CO2 in poor ventilated building is human activity. This work presents a method for experimental determination of human CO2 generation rate based on measuring of time evolution of indoor CO2 concentration. The method is applied to 5 rooms of an educational building from Bialystok (Poland). Similar carbon dioxide gains were obtained in all rooms, around 0.0046 L/s, which correspond to theoretical CO2 generation rates of a sedentary activity for persons, males and females, between 21–30 years old, characteristics of occupants of analyzed rooms.

Kα1–Kα2characteristic of a parabolic graded multilayer

2000 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1317-1323 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Toraya ◽  
H. Hibino
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
Angular Separation ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Angle Of Incidence ◽  
Experimental Uncertainty ◽  
Diffraction Profile ◽  
Rocking Curve ◽  
Line Shapes ◽  
Integrated Intensity

Line shapes of theKα1–Kα2doublet beam reflected from a parabolic graded multilayer (PGM) were analysed by ray tracing and rocking-curve measurements using an Si(400) flat single crystal. The integrated intensity and the intensity ratio ofKα2toKα1of the reflected beam vary with the angle of incidence at the PGM. The rates of these variations are considered to increase with increasing spectral resolution of the PGM. TheKα1andKα2beams are reflected from the PGM in slightly different directions. Therefore, the angular separation between theKα1andKα2peaks of the observed diffraction profile of a sample becomes smaller than that calculated from the two wavelengths forKα1andKα2when the PGM and the sample are arranged in the (+−) setting, andvice versawhen they are in the (++) setting. The magnitude of the shift of the angular separation is close to the experimental uncertainty in the determination of the peak positions when the PGM consists of W/Si bilayers, whereas it is estimated to be three times as large when a PGM of high spectral resolution is used.

High Spatial and High Spectral Resolution FTIR Spectroscopic Imaging of Biological Materials

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 831-832
Author(s):  
E.N. Lewis ◽  
L.H. Kidder ◽  
I.W. Levin
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Spectroscopic Imaging ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Spatial Domains ◽  
Infrared Wavelengths

Infrared spectroscopy has been used to probe a variety of biological systems including for example, the determination of diseased states and the investigation of foreign inclusions in biologicals. The technique generates qualitative and quantitative information on the structure and dynamics of samples, including lipids, proteins, and non-biological constituents. The coupling of imaging modalities with spectroscopic techniques adds a new dimension to sample analysis in both the spectroscopic and spatial domains. Using a spectroscopic imaging system that incorporates a step-scan interferometer, microscope, and infrared sensitive arrays, we have investigated a variety of biological samples. This seamless combination of spectroscopy for molecular analysis with the power of visualization generates chemically specific images while simultaneously obtaining high resolution spectra for each detector pixel. The spatial resolution of the images approaches the diffraction limit for mid-infrared wavelengths, while the spectral resolution is determined by the interferometer and can be 4 cm−1 or higher.

scholarly journals Experimental Determination of Lidar Overlap Profile Based on Dual Field-of-View High Spectral Resolution Lidar

2020 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 07014
Author(s):  
Nanchao Wang ◽  
Xue Shen ◽  
Yudi Zhou ◽  
Chong Liu ◽  
Yupeng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Determination ◽  
Spectral Resolution ◽  
Atmospheric Condition ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Backscatter Coefficient ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Level ◽  
High Spectral Resolution Lidar

This paper presents two approaches to calibrate the overlap factor under inhomogeneous atmospheric condition without critical assumption and delivers detailed analysis about the retrieval errors of overlap profile in High-Spectral-Resolution-Lidar (HSRL). The first method employs an additional optical subsystem with different field-of-view, that is dual field-of-view HSRL, for the retrieval of overlap profile. The second method takes advantage of the difference of the result between the HSRL and Klett method, that is about the retrieval of backscatter coefficient for uncorrected lidar signal, to correct overlap profile. Surprisingly, two methods show very high-level consistency and stability of the result. It is potential that this technique would be an excellent solution for experimental determination of lidar overlap in ground-based HSRL.

Determination of Carbon Dioxide in Wine

1971 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 782-784
Author(s):  
Arthur Caputi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Enzymatic Method ◽  
High Speeds ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Enzymatic Methods

Abstract A study of the various official methods available for the determination of carbon dioxide in wine was conducted. The enzymatic method, which is the fastest of the 3 available, is still relatively slow for use as a control analysis when large quantities of wines are being bottled at high speeds. A new method was devised which involves the neutralization of a wine sample with 50% NaOH to pH 10–11 and titration with a standard acid solution in the presence of carbonic anhydrase. The titer is recorded between pH 8.6 and 4.0. A degassed sample of the same wine is neutralized and titrated in the same range and its titer is subtracted from the sample titer. The difference is used to calculate the carbon dioxide concentration in the sample. Comparison to the volumetric, manometric, and enzymatic methods showed that this new titrimetric method is comparable in terms of accuracy and reproducibility and that it offers the advantage of rapidity of analysis. It is recommended that the method be studied collaboratively.

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