The size effect of the corrosion rate of a copper nanowire array. Part I: The corrosion potential variation

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 412-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Myrzak ◽  
P. G. Globa ◽  
S. P. Sidelinikova ◽  
A. I. Dikusar
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Size Effect ◽  
Corrosion Potential ◽  
Nanowire Array ◽  
Potential Variation ◽  
Copper Nanowire

Effect of Sn, Zn and Bi Addition on Corrosion Characteristics of Magnesium Alloys Sintered by Spark Plasma Sintering

2018 ◽  
Vol 941 ◽  
pp. 1760-1765
Author(s):  
Satoshi Sunada ◽  
Yoshitaka Matsui ◽  
Syogo Takeuchi ◽  
Taku Iwaoka ◽  
Koichi Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Electrochemical Method ◽  
Corrosion Potential ◽  
Elemental Mapping ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Metallic Compounds

Sintered magnesium alloys, which were fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) method, were examined to study corrosion characteristics by electrochemical method, XRD and EPMA. The binary mixtures alloys of a low-melting-point metal powder (Sn, Bi, Sb) of1.0 vol.% and the pure magnesium powder were prepared. In the Mg-1.0vol.%Bi and Mg-1.0vol.%Sn, Mg3Bi2 and Mg2Sn precipitates was recognized by XRD, respectively. In addition, formation of oxide along powder particle boundaries was observed by EPMA elemental mapping in all specimens. In the case of Mg-1.0vol.%Zn, precipitation of metallic compounds was not recognized by these experiments. According to the results of polarization curve measurements, the Mg-1.0vol.%Bi shows highest corrosion potential. However, corrosion rate which was estimated by Tafel method is relatively larger than other alloys due to Mg3Bi2 precipitation. This result suggests that Mg3Bi2 acts as cathode site. The Mg-1.0vol.%Sn shows superior corrosion rale in these alloys.

scholarly journals Dissolution of chromium in sulfuric acid

2002 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 777-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragutin Drazic ◽  
Jovan Popic
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Corrosion Potential ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Spectrophotometric Analysis ◽  
Weight Loss Method ◽  
Loss Method ◽  
Anomalous Dissolution

By combining electrochemical corrosion rate measurements and spectrophotometric analysis of the electrolyte it was shown that at room temperature chromium dissolves in deaerated 0.1M Na2SO4 + H2SO4 (pH1) solution as Cr(II) and Cr(III) ions in he ratio Cr(II):Cr(III)?7:1. This process was stable over 4h without any detectable change. The total corrosion rate of chromium calculated from the analytical data is about 12 times higher, than that determined electrochemically by cathodic Tafel line extrapolation to the corrosion potential. This finding was confirmed by applying the weight-loss method for the determination of the corrosion rate. This enormous difference between these experimentally determined corrosion rates can be explained by the rather fast, "anomalous" dissolution process proposed by Kolotyrkin and coworkers (chemical reaction of Cr with H2O molecules) occurring simultaneously with the electrochemical corrosion process.

Effect of the Quantum Size Effect on the Performance of Solar Cells with a Silicon Nanowire Array Embedded in SiO2

2012 ◽  
Vol 1439 ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Yasuyoshi Kurokawa ◽  
Shinya Kato ◽  
Yuya Watanabe ◽  
Akira Yamada ◽  
Makoto Konagai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Size Effect ◽  
Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Silicon Nanowire ◽  
Nanowire Array ◽  
Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Quantum Size Effect ◽  
Quantum Size ◽  
Hydrogenated Amorphous

ABSTRACTThe electrical characteristics of silicon nanowire (SiNW) solar cells with p-type hydrogenated amorphous silicon oxide (Eg=1.9 eV)/n-type SiNWs embedded in SiO2/n-type hydrogenated amorphous silicon (Eg=1.7 eV) structure have been investigated using a two-dimensional device simulator with taking the quantum size effects into account. The average bandgap of a SiNW embedded in SiO2 increased from 1.15 eV to 2.71 eV with decreasing the diameter from 10 nm to 1 nm due to the quantum size effect. It should be noted that under the sunlight with AM1.5G the open-circuit voltage (Voc) of SiNW solar cells also increased to 1.54 V with decreasing the diameter of the SiNWs to 1 nm. This result suggests that it is possible to enhance the Voc by the quantum size effect and a SiNW is a promising material for the all silicon tandem solar cells.

scholarly journals Copper nanowire array as highly selective electrochemical sensor of nitrate ions in water

Talanta ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 121643 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Patella ◽  
R.R. Russo ◽  
A. O'Riordan ◽  
G. Aiello ◽  
C. Sunseri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensor ◽  
Nanowire Array ◽  
Nitrate Ions ◽  
Copper Nanowire

Localized Corrosion of 304 Stainless Steel under a NaCl Droplet

2011 ◽  
Vol 480-481 ◽  
pp. 443-447
Author(s):  
Yan Hua Wang ◽  
Yuan Yuan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Corrosion Potential ◽  
Corrosion Process ◽  
Localized Corrosion ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Galvanic Current ◽  
Cooperative Effects ◽  
Electrochemical Parameters ◽  
Wire Beam Electrode

The distributions of corrosion potential and galvanic current of 304 stainless steel under a NaCl droplet were studied by using the wire beam electrode (WBE). It was found that the distributions of the electrochemical parameters were heterogeneous with isolated anodic and cathodic zones appeared randomly. During the corrosion process, the polarity of some anodes changed with the evolution of time. The localized corrosion rate and heterogeneity increased firstly, and then decreased afterward with the increase of time, which can be attributed to the cooperative effects of the aggressive ions and the corrosion products.

Electrochemical and X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopic Studies of UO2 Fuel Oxidation by Specific Radicals Formed During Radiolysis of Groundwater

1988 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sunder ◽  
D. W. Shoesmith ◽  
H. Christensen ◽  
M. G. Bailey ◽  
N. H. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Corrosion Potential ◽  
Electrochemical Cell ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Solution Chemistry ◽  
Water Radiolysis ◽  
Xps Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Computer Calculations

ABSTRACTThe effects of groundwater radiolysis on the oxidation and dissolution of UO2 has been studied. The production of a specific radical was maximized by using suitable solution chemistry, and the effect of a particular radical was investigated. Experiments were performed to study the effects of OH, O2, and CO, radicals. An electrochemical cell and a UO2 electrode were designed to do ijri situ electrochemical measurements in gamma fields, 300 -20 Gy/h. During radiolysis, the oxidation of UO2 was monitored by recording the corrosion potential of the UO2 electrode as a function of time. The fastest increase and highest corrosion potentials were observed in solutions favoring the formation of O2 radicals. XPS analysis of the UO2 surface showed that oxidation has proceeded beyond the UO2.33 stage. Computer calculations of water radiolysis showed that steady-state concentrations of the radicals are very low, about 10−9 mol-dm−3, in most cases, and even lower if the reactions with the UO2 surface are included. The radicals are produced at a much faster rate than the observed changes in the corrosion potential, suggesting thereby that another slower reaction is corrosion rate controlling.

Effects of alternating stray current on the corrosion behaviours of buried Q235 steel pipelines

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 599-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanbao Guo ◽  
Hai Tan ◽  
Deguo Wang ◽  
Tao Meng
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Corrosion Potential ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Geometrical Shape ◽  
Uniform Corrosion ◽  
Negative Deviation ◽  
Stray Current ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ac Current

Purpose With the rapid development of rail transportation and energy-delivery systems, such as buried oil and gas pipelines and high-voltage transmission lines, the alternating current (AC) corrosion of buried steel pipelines is becoming more serious. This paper aims to study the corrosion behaviours of Q235 buried steel pipelines induced by the alternating stray current, with a set of indoor simulated experiment apparatuses. Design/methodology/approach The corrosion of the coating holidays of the buried steel pipelines at various AC current densities from 0 to 200 A/m2 in the soil-simulating environment was revealed by the electrochemical and weight-loss methods. Findings The results showed that the corrosion potential of the steel shifted negatively obviously and the corrosion rate of the steel increased with the increasing of AC current density. At a low AC current density, the negative deviation of the corrosion potential of the steel was small and the increase of corrosion rate was slight. However, the negative deviation of the corrosion potential was remarkable and the corrosion rate was greatly increased at a relative higher AC current density. The geometrical shape of the corrosion images indicated the corrosion forms changed from uniform corrosion to local corrosion due to the increase of AC interference. Originality/value Investigation results are of benefit to provide a new strategy to forecast and evaluate the AC-induced corrosion of the buried pipelines which could improve the safety of pipeline transportation.

Corrosion Resistance of High-Alloyed Material UNS N08028 in Sodium Chloride Solution

2014 ◽  
Vol 893 ◽  
pp. 440-443
Author(s):  
Li Na Zhang ◽  
Jerzy A. Szpunar ◽  
Jian Xin Dong ◽  
Mai Cang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Sodium Chloride Solution ◽  
Corrosion Potential ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Decreasing Ph

The influence of ions chloride concentration and pH value on the corrosion resistance of high-alloyed material UNS N08028 in the sodium chloride solution is investigated. Results show that the corrosion potential is active cathodically with the increase of chloride concentration. The current density and corrosion rate both increase with increasing chloride concentration and decreasing pH value.

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