DIN EN ISO 15213-1:2021-10, Mikrobiologie der Lebensmittelkette_- Horizontales Verfahren zum Nachweis und zur Zählung von Clostridium spp._- Zählung von sulfitreduzierenden Clostridium spp. durch Koloniezählverfahren (ISO/DIS_15213-1:2021); Deutsche und Englische Fassung prEN_ISO_15213-1:2021

Bestandsprobleme mit möglicher Beteiligung von Clostridium botulinum in bayerischen Milchkuhbetrieben

Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe G Großtiere / Nutztiere ◽

10.15653/tpg-180436 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (04) ◽

pp. 213-220

Author(s):

Martina Ramona Bechter ◽

Siegfried Moder ◽

Moritz Metzner ◽

Rolf Mansfeld ◽

Carola Sauter-Louis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clostridium Botulinum ◽

Chronisch Kranke ◽

Clostridium Spp

Zusammenfassung Ziel: Erhebung der Wahrnehmung bayerischer Rinderpraktiker bezüglich „Clostridiosen“ in Milchkuhbeständen. Material und Methoden: In einer zweiteiligen telefonischen Fragebogenstudie wurde konkret nach 12 Bestandsproblemen gefragt, wobei fünf als Haupt- und sieben als Nebenkriterien zur Inklusion in den zweiten, speziellen Teil der Studie definiert wurden. Hauptsächlich ging es um Erkrankungen, die in Verdacht stehen, in Zusammenhang mit chronischen Clostri-dium-botulinum-Infektionen aufzutreten. Zur Befragung im speziellen Teil wurde pro Praxis der Betrieb mit Erfüllung der meisten Hauptkriterien ausgewählt. Ergebnisse: Im allgemeinen Teil der Befragung gaben 38 (37 %) der 104 teilnehmenden Tierärzte an, keine dem zuvor beschriebenen Krankheitsbild zuzuordnenden Problembetriebe zu betreuen. Als Problembetriebe wurden 532 (5 %) der insgesamt 10187 betreuten Betriebe eingestuft. Von den 104 Teilnehmern erklärten 53, Betriebe mit Hauptkriterien-Bestandsproblemen zu betreuen. Für die ausgewählten 53 Betriebe ergaben sich als häufigste genannte Hauptkriterien (Mehrfachnennungen möglich) vermehrt festliegende Kühe (73 %), vermehrt chronisch kranke Tiere (66 %) und hohe Abgangsraten (66 %). Unter den Nebenkriterien dominierten Lahmheiten und Ataxien (70 %), Euterprobleme (69 %) sowie Stoffwechselprobleme (68 %). Die Haltungsbedingungen der Milchkühe beurteilten die Tierärzte in 49 % der 53 Bestände als „mäßig“ und „schlecht“. Die Fütterung schätzten 91 % der Teilnehmer als „eher gut“, „gut“ und „sehr gut“ ein. Die in 11 Betrieben eingeleiteten Untersuchungen auf Clostridium spp. ergaben in sieben Betrieben positive Resultate . Schlussfolgerung: Tierärzte in Bayern sind häufig mit diversen tiergesundheitlichen Problemen in rinderhaltenden Betrieben konfrontiert. Dennoch steht selbst in Betrieben mit Symptomen des in der Literatur beschriebenen Krankheitsbildes des „chronischen Botulismus“ selten der Verdacht auf eine Beteiligung von C. botulinum im Vordergrund, sondern vielmehr Haltungsprobleme.

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Clostridia in Insect Processed Animal Proteins—Is an Epidemiological Problem Possible?

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11030270 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 270

Author(s):

Tomasz Grenda ◽

Krzysztof Kwiatek ◽

Magdalena Goldsztejn ◽

Magdalena Sapała ◽

Nina Kozieł ◽

...

Keyword(s):

16S Rdna ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Contamination Level ◽

Type D ◽

Botulinum Type ◽

Livestock Animal ◽

Contamination Levels ◽

Rdna Analysis ◽

Clostridium Spp

The aim of this study was the evaluation of the insect processed animal protein (IPAP) contamination level by Clostridium spp. Particularly, we screened for the occurrence of pathogenic species of Clostridia. The samples of IPAP were derived from yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) and black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) available in the Polish market. The IPAPs were added to experimental feeds for poultry. The differences between the contamination levels of the control (without the addition of IPAP) and experimental (with the addition of IPAP) groups were monitored. The samples were also examined by culture and PCR-based methods to detect 16S rDNA and genes determining botulinum toxin (BoNT) production. Statistical significance was noticed among the feed with the IPAP addition, as well as an increase of contamination by Clostridium spp. In one sample of IPAP, the occurrence of ntnh and bont/D genes determining the production of BoNT/D was noticed. However, a positive result was noticed only at the step of the liquid culture; the Clostridium botulinum type D strain was not isolated. Phenotypically, and according to the 16S rDNA analysis, genetically similar strains to C. botulinum species were isolated. Considering the microbiological safety of IPAP and expanding possibility of its use in livestock animal feed, it seems to be reasonable to provide complex risk assessment on the potential transfer of Clostridia into feed compounds, to assure the safety and sustainable development of insect PAP industry.

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In vitro activities of trovafloxacin against 557 strains of anaerobic bacteria.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.40.9.2232 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 40 (9) ◽

pp. 2232-2235 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

H M Wexler ◽

E Molitoris ◽

D Molitoris ◽

S M Finegold

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Anaerobic Bacteria ◽

Bacteroides Fragilis ◽

National Committee ◽

Dilution Technique ◽

Agar Dilution ◽

Group Species ◽

Clostridium Spp

The antimicrobial activity of trovafloxacin for 557 strains of anaerobic bacteria was determined by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards-approved Wadsworth agar dilution technique. The species tested included Bacteroides fragilis (n = 91), other members of the B. fragilis group (n = 130), Campylobacter gracilis (n = 15), other Bacteroides spp. (n = 16), Prevotella spp. (n = 49), Porphyromonas spp. (n = 15), Fusobacterium spp. (n = 62), Bilophila wadsworthia (n = 24), Sutterella wadsworthensis (n = 21), Clostridium spp. (n = 61), Peptostreptococcus spp. (n = 38), and gram-positive non-spore-forming rods (n = 35). Trovafloxacin inhibited all strains of B. fragilis at < or = 0.5 microgram/ml, 99% of other B. fragilis group species at < or = 2 micrograms/ml, and 96% of all anaerobes tested at < or = 2 micrograms/ml.

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Influence of culture media on the recovery of psychrotrophic Clostridium spp. associated with the spoilage of vacuum-packed chilled meats

International Journal of Food Microbiology ◽

10.1016/s0168-1605(97)00120-7 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 39 (1-2) ◽

pp. 69-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Dorota M Broda ◽

Karen M De Lacy ◽

R Graham Bell

Keyword(s):

Culture Media ◽

Clostridium Spp

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Effect of Vitamin A-Fortified Rice on the Gut Microbiota of Thai Lactating Women and Their Exclusively Breastfed Infants

Chiang Mai University Journal of Natural Sciences ◽

10.12982/cmujns.2021.079 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Lukman Azis ◽

◽

Siwaporn Pinkaew ◽

Santad Wichienchot ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Control Group ◽

Lactating Women ◽

Breastfed Infants ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Lactobacillus Spp ◽

Clostridium Spp

Abstract The optimal vitamin A (VA) status of lactating women is important for mothers and their breastfed infants, especially in protecting against infectious diseases. Vitamin A fortified rice is one of the food-base intervention strategy which has the potential to improve VA status. Vitamin A and gut microbiota are interrelated in their effect on human health and immunity however no specific relationship has been proved in these groups of population. This study aimed to determine the effect of VA fortified rice on the gut microbiota changes of lactating woman-exclusively breastfed infant pairs. A double-blind, randomized controlled trial (RCT) of VA fortified rice was conducted in 70 lactating women-infants pairs for 14 weeks. Gut microbiota was measured using the fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and next generation sequencing (NGS) technique. Based on the FISH technique, the numbers of Clostridium spp. /Enterobacter spp. were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in mothers fed VA-fortified rice at the end of the study. In contrast, the abundance of Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. of infants whose mothers fed with VA-fortified rice was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the control group. The NGS technique confirmed that results with the increasing of Lactobacillus, B. longum and B. Choerinum in the infant of intervention group. In conclusion, VA-fortified rice was efficacious in decreasing Clostridium spp. /Enterobacter spp. in lactating women and raising the number of Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. in their breastfed infants. Keywords: Breastfeeding, Gut microbiota, Lactating woman-infant pairs, Randomized controlled trial, Vitamin A

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Importance of on-farm management practices on lactate-fermenting Clostridium spp. spore contamination of Manchega ewe milk: Determination of risk factors and characterization of Clostridium population

Small Ruminant Research ◽

10.1016/j.smallrumres.2012.11.030 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 111 (1-3) ◽

pp. 120-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

C. Arias ◽

B. Oliete ◽

S. Seseña ◽

L. Jimenez ◽

M.D. Pérez-Guzmán ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Management Practices ◽

Farm Management ◽

On Farm ◽

Clostridium Spp

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Lactic acid bacteria as protective cultures in fermented pork meat to prevent Clostridium spp. growth

International Journal of Food Microbiology ◽

10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.06.019 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 235 ◽

pp. 53-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Diana Di Gioia ◽

Giuseppe Mazzola ◽

Ivana Nikodinoska ◽

Irene Aloisio ◽

Tomaz Langerholc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽

Pork Meat ◽

Clostridium Spp ◽

Protective Cultures

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Enrichment of antibiotic resistance genes in soil receiving composts derived from swine manure, yard wastes, or food wastes, and evidence for multiyear persistence of swine Clostridium spp.

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/cjm-2017-0642 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 (3) ◽

pp. 201-208 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Andrew Scott ◽

Yuan-Ching Tien ◽

Craig F. Drury ◽

W. Daniel Reynolds ◽

Edward Topp

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Swine Manure ◽

Organic Amendments ◽

Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽

Gene Target ◽

Soil Dna ◽

Yard Waste ◽

The Impact ◽

Clostridium Spp

The impact of amendment with swine manure compost (SMC), yard waste compost (YWC), or food waste compost (FWC) on the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes in soil was evaluated. Following a commercial-scale application of the composts in a field experiment, soils were sampled periodically for a decade, and archived air-dried. Soil DNA was extracted and gene targets quantified by qPCR. Compared with untreated control soil, all 3 amendment types increased the abundance of gene targets for up to 4 years postapplication. The abundance of several gene targets was much higher in soil amended with SMC than in soil receiving either YWC or FWC. The gene target ermB remained higher in the SMC treatment for a decade postapplication. Clostridia were significantly more abundant in the SMC-amended soil throughout the decade following application. Eight percent of Clostridium spp. isolates from the SMC treatment carried ermB. Overall, addition of organic amendments to soils has the potential to increase the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes. Amendments of fecal origin, such as SMC, will in addition entrain bacteria carrying antibiotic resistance genes. Environmentally recalcitrant clostridia, and the antibiotic resistance genes that they carry, will persist for many years under field conditions following the application of SMC.

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