Scientific substantiation of new technological methods of development of biopreparations for production of ensilage

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (14) ◽  
pp. 67-79
Author(s):  
Svitlana Danylenko ◽  
◽  
Svitlana Teterina ◽  
Miroslav Khonkiv ◽  
◽  
...  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (14) ◽  
pp. 67-79
Author(s):  
Svitlana Danylenko ◽  
◽  
Svitlana Teterina ◽  
Miroslav Khonkiv ◽  
◽  
...  

Author(s):  
B. A. Sivak ◽  
A. V. Protasov ◽  
L. A. Smirnov

The removal of slag from melt surface of hot metal and steel ladles is a necessary condition to provide a deep desulphurization and dephosphorization of hot metal and steel in the process of their processing. A review of methods of slag skimming presented, mainly based on slag mechanical shoveling and its removal out of ladles by vacuum sucking. It was shown, that manipulators design for the slag skimming working instrument moving depends on the production scale, mass of the processed heats, amount and properties of the slag to be removed, production process intensity and ecological requirements. Peculiarities of designs and technical parameters of machines for slag skimming presented, designed by Irkutsk plant of heavy machinery, Scientific and Production Enterprise n.a. M.I. Platov, VNIIMETMASH, Kuznetsk and Novolipetsk steel plants. Technological methods of control of slag composition and physical properties considered, first of all of viscosity and fluidity, which have significant effect on selection of a method of slag skimming. Advantages and drawbacks of actions, aimed at more complete slag removal from metal surface by a scraper noted including bath blowing off by an inert gas, liquid slag tapping into am intermediate settling tank following its removal into a slag bowl. In case of satisfactory fluidity it is possible to slag removal by vacuum sucking, which at the same time promoted the melt degassing. Work done in this area abroad noted. Methods of vacuum slag removal developed in the USA and Japan described.


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
V  Leunov ◽  
Y  Mikheev

Расширение ассортимента потребляемых овощных культур – одна из основных задач в селекционно-семеноводческой работе с редечными культурами на Дальнем Востоке. В статье приводятся данные о селекции редечных культур (лобы, дайкона, редьки и др.) на Приморской овощной опытной станции. В результате проведения многолетних исследований и реализации ряда научных программ был создан новый исходный материал для селекции. В настоящем материале также подведены итоги актуальных направлений в селекции редечных культур в условиях муссонного климата. Селекционно-семеноводческие исследования в условиях климата Дальнего Востока с использованием индивидуального, а также индивидуально-семейственного методов отбора, разработка и внедрение технологических приемов первичного и сортового семеноводства обеспечили создание перспективного селекционного материала. Выделены ценные генисточники для создания новых сортообразцов китайского, японского и европейского подвидов редьки с высокими иммунологическими, продуктивными и товарными качествами, повышенными биохимическими показателями, высокой устойчивостью к переувлажнению почвы и возбудителями болезней. Созданы и включены в Госреестр РФ высокопродуктивные сорта китайского подвида редьки (лоба) Малиновый шар и Золотой рог, европейского подвида зимней редьки Ночная красавица, устойчивые к переувлажнению почвы и цветушности, бактериальным заболеваниям. В результате более чем двадцатилетних исследований изучены морфологические и биологические особенности формирования семенных растений редьки, использование эффективных элементов отбора в сочетании с агротехническими приемами возделывания. Усовершенствованы технологические методы первичного и товарного семеноводства редьки, выделены благоприятные агроклиматические зоны выращивания семенных растений, способствующие получению высококачественных семян при сохранении ими высоких биологических и хозяйственных признаков. Для условий муссонного климата Дальнего Востока внедрена в производство система первичного и сортового семеноводства редьки с использованием пересадочной и беспересадочной технологии выращивания. Результаты работы открывают дорогу к созданию новых высокоурожайных российских сортов и гибридов редечных культур.Expansion of the range of consumption of vegetable crops is one of the main tasks in the breeding and seed work with regions cultures in the Far East. The article presents data on the breeding radishes cultures (loba, daikon, radish, etc.) on the Maritime vegetable experiment station. As a result of years of research and implementation of a number of research programs has created a new source material for breeding. In this paper also summarize the current trends in the selection of radishes cultures in conditions of monsoonal climate. Breeding and seed research in the climate conditions of the Far East with the use of individual and individual and family methods of selection, development and implementation of technological methods of primary and varietal seed production ensured the development of advanced breeding material. Allocated valuable genitocracy to create new varieties of Chinese, Japanese and European subspecies of radishes cultures with high immunological, productive and commercial qualities, elevated biochemical parameters, high resistance to waterlogging and soil pathogens. Created and included in the state register of the Russian Federation high-yielding varieties of Chinese subspecies of radish (loba) a Crimson ball and the Golden horn, the European subspecies winter radish Night beauty, resistant to waterlogging of the soil and bolting and bacterial diseases. As a result of more than twenty years studied the morphological and biological peculiarities of formation of seed plants of radishes, the use of effective elements of selection in combination with agrotechnical methods of cultivation. Improved technological methods of primary and commercial seed radishes allocated to favorable agro-climatic zones of cultivation of seed plants, which would produce high-quality seeds while preserving their high biological and economic characteristics. For the conditions of monsoon climate of the Far East implemented in the production system of primary and varietal seed radishes using transit and non-stop growing technologies. The results of this work open the way to the creation of new high-yielding Russian varieties and hybrids of radishes cultures.


Author(s):  
O. I. Yushkova ◽  
I. V. Bukhtiyarov

The article discusses the results of the production of physiological and hygienic studies and analysis of retrospective data for the scientific substantiation of individual physiological indicators in assessing and controlling the level of the functional state and class of working conditions


Author(s):  
Novikova ◽  
SP Romanenko ◽  
MA Lobkis

Introduction: In the Russian Federation, much attention is traditionally paid to military education and training. A special place in its structure is occupied by the system of cadet classes and corps. A distinctive feature of the learning mode in such institutions is a combined effect of standard and specific factors of indoor school environment and intensive physical activity owing to sports, applied military and drill training. No evidence-based methods of establishing nutrient requirements of children in modern conditions of cadet corps have been developed so far, which predetermines the potential of transforming nutrition from a health-saving factor into a health risk factor. Our objective was to provide a scientific substantiation of the model of healthy nutrition for students of cadet-type educational establishments. Methods: The statistical significance of the correlation was evaluated using the Student’s t-test. Correlation and regression analyses were used to assess cause-and-effect relationships. The Pearson correlation coefficient (rxy) was used as an indicator of the strength of the relationship between quantitative indicators x and y, both having a normal distribution. Correlation coefficient (rxy) values were interpreted in accordance with the Chaddock scale. For the purpose of statistical modeling, the method of multiple linear regressions was used. Conclusions: We substantiated the innovative model of organizing healthy nutrition for students of cadet-type schools based on the correlation and regression analyses with determination of statistical significance of the studied characteristics. Its efficiency indicators include an increase in average functional capabilities of students by more than 10 % and a reduction in the probability of developmental disorders by more than 25 %.


Author(s):  
V. Nazarkin ◽  
O. Semenenko ◽  
A. Efimenko ◽  
V. Ivanov

The task of choosing the rational number of power structures is always one of the main priorities of any political leadership of the state. An insufficient number of armed forces is a threat to the national security of the state; an excess number creates pressures on the development of the country's national economy. Today, when the development programs of the Armed Forces of Ukraine are being formed in the context of the practical application of their units and subunits to carry out combat missions, questions of choosing a priority approach to the formation (justification) of the rational size of the Armed Forces of Ukraine is an urgent issue. The article proposes a structure for conducting research on the development and implementation of the methodology of military-economic substantiation of the rational strength of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the system of defense planning of Ukraine in the formation of programs for their development for the medium and long term. The main objectives of this methodology are: scientific substantiation of the range of the necessary strength of the Armed Forces of Ukraine for the period of the program of their development; the choice of the indicator of the rational size of the Armed Forces of Ukraine according to the years of the program from a certain range of its changes; military-economic substantiation of this number under the influence of various limiting factors. The development and implementation of such a methodology will increase the efficiency of the formation and implementation of development programs of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, as well as the efficiency of using public funds for the development of power structures.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (141) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
ALEKSANDR MIKHAL’CHENKOV ◽  
◽  
NELLI KOZHUKHOVA ◽  
ANNA TYUREVA ◽  
VASILIY LUZIK

During the operation of the plow body, a number of defects are formed on the bit-shaped part of the plowshare, one of which is xiphoid wear. Renewing the life of a given part is often reduced to eliminating such wear in various ways that are not always rational. This occurs due to insufficient knowledge of the dynamics of xiphoid wear, especially little information about plowing heavy soils. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in identifying the nature of changes in the depth of xiphoid wear in various options for reinforcing the chisel-shaped area of ploughshares when plowing heavy soils. (Materials and methods) Authors conducted research using all-metal ploughshares of domestic production in the state of delivery and reinforced according to the schemes of the location of reinforcing rollers. The reinforcement rollers were formed using E42A-UONII-13/45 electrodes designed for welding carbon steels. The thickness in the area of the ploughshare wear was determined using a calibration plate, prisms, and an indicator micrometer with an accuracy of 0.01 millimeters. To ensure the same conditions of the experiment, it was carried out in fields where the soils had the same granulometric composition, which was loam with a physical clay content of 33-38 percent. (Results and discussion) The article reveals dynamics of the development of the xiphoid wear depth depending on the operating time and technological methods of strengthening reinforcement of the chisel-shaped part of the ploughshare. The article describes the technology of strengthening reinforcement that provides the minimum wear depth with the same operating time. (Conclusions) The article presents a method for determining the depth of xiphoid wear. The proposed technology of reinforcement of ploughshares with rollers perpendicular to the field edge, with surfacing of the buried part to a length of 100 millimeters and reinforcement of the heel will increase the resource of the part by 1.3 times.


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