scholarly journals Factors Associated with Under Utilization of Intermittent Preventive Treatment Using Sulfadoxine - Pyrimethamine among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in Gusau District of Gusau Local Government Area, Zamfara State of Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 36-52
Author(s):  
Bello Liman
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Effects of Malaria on some Haematological Parameters among Pregnant Women in Delta State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
B. O. Foghi ◽  
F. O. Nduka ◽  
S. O. Nzeako
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Very High

Aim: To determine the effect of malaria parasitaemia on some haematological parameters of pregnant women in Delta State, Nigeria. Study Design: The experiment is a vertical survey of pregnant women. Place and Duration: The study was carried out in five designated Local Government Area in Delta State, Nigeria. They include Ughelli South, Ughelli North, Udu, Uvwie and Ethiope East Local Government Area, between January-August 2021. Methodology: Vein puncture technique was used to obtain 5ml of blood from 1000 pregnant women in the five selected government hospital in Delta State. Malaria parasite examination was done using thin and thick blood films, following standard parasitological techniques. Haematological parameters comprising packed cell volume, hemoglobin concentration, white blood cell count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, monocyte and basophils were determined and CD4 count was done using flow cytometry. Socio economic data was obtained with the use of structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using student T-test and Anova. Results: Out of the 1000 pregnant women examined, 624 (62.4%) tested positive for malaria. Those with secondary education had the highest prevalence where 234 (23.4%) examined and 202 (86.3%) infected. Data revealed that married women and artisans had very high infections of  (70.9%) and  (78.7%) respectively.  There was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the level of PCV, HB, TWBC, Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Eosinophils, Monocytes and CD4 count of those infected when compared to those uninfected. Women with 1+ve Plasmodium count had CD4 count of 712.68 ± 12.23, those with 2+ve Plasmodium count had CD4 count 628.88±9.11, while those with 3 +++ve Plasmodium count had CD4 count of 578.71±2.10. Conclusion: Plasmodium parasitaemia had influenced the haematological parameters of pregnant women in the study. Pregnant women should be advice on the proper use of preventive strategies which include intermittent preventive treatment IPTp and the proper use of insecticide treated bed net.

scholarly journals Monitoring Compliance and Acceptability of Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria Using Sulfadoxine Pyrimethamine after Ten Years of Implementation in Tanzania

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mdetele B. Ayubu ◽  
Winifrida B. Kidima
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Placental Malaria ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Drug Uptake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Start Date ◽  
Malaria During Pregnancy ◽  
Endemic Areas

Intermittent preventive treatment using SP (IPTp-SP) is still a superior interventional approach to control malaria during pregnancy. However its rate of use has gone down tremendously in malaria endemic areas. This study forms part of a larger study aimed at monitoring the compliance of IPTp-SP policy in malaria endemic areas of Tanzania. Two cross-sectional studies were conducted in Dar es Salaam and Njombe Regions of Tanzania. Overall, 540 pregnant women and 21 healthcare workers were interviewed using structured questionnaires. This study revealed that 63% of women were not willing to take SP during pregnancy while 91% would only take it if they tested positive for malaria during antennal visits. 63% of the interviewed women did not know the recommended dose of SP required during pregnancy, despite the fact that 82% of the women were aware of the adverse effect of malaria during pregnancy. It was found out that 54% of pregnant women (30–40 weeks) took single dose, 34% took two doses, and 16% did not take SP at the time of interview. It was also found that SP was not administered under direct observed therapy in 86% of women. There was no significant relationship between number of doses received by pregnant women and antenatal clinic (ANC) start date (r2 = 0.0033, 95% CI (−0.016 to 0.034)). However positive correlation between drug uptake and drug availability was revealed (p=0.0001). Knowledge on adverse effects of placental malaria among pregnant women was significantly associated with drug uptake (OR 11.81, 95% CI (5.755–24.23), p=0.0001). We conclude that unavailability of drugs in ANC is the major reason hindering the implementation of IPTp-SP.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Anemia in Pregnancy in Cascades Region in Burkina Faso

2015 ◽  
pp. 663-664
Author(s):  
Ilboudo Bernard ◽  
Savadogo G. Léon Blaise ◽  
Kinda Maurice ◽  
Guiguemde T. Robert ◽  
Dramaix-wilmet Michèle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Anemia In Pregnancy ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia ◽  
In Pregnancy

Objectives: To analyze the factors associated with anemia in pregnancy in the Cascades region in Burkina Faso. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in antenatal clinics of the Cascades region in Burkina Faso during one month from May to June 2012. We collected data on socio-demographics and health characteristics of pregnant women attending these clinics. Hemoglobin was measured to assess anemia. Factors associated with anemia were identified through a multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 1763 pregnant women, irrespectively of pregnancy stage, were enrolled. The mean (SD) hemoglobin level was 10.6 (1.4) g/dl. The prevalence of anemia in pregnancy was 58.9%, 3.2% of them being severe. Factors associated with anemia were the absence of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria with sulfadoxin-pyrimetamin (OR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0-1.7), number of pregnancies >6 (OR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1-1.9). Moderate consumption of local alcohol extracted from Palmyra was associated with a lower prevalence of anemia (OR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.5-0.9). Surprisingly, anemia was not associated with supplementation with folic acid + iron (p = 0.60). Conclusions: Interventions which aim to reduce the prevalence of anemia in pregnancy in Burkina Faso should improve the coverage of the intermittent preventive treatment of malaria and support the limitation of births.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Anaemia among Pregnant Women in the First Antenatal Care (ANC) Clinic Visit in St. Mary's Hospital Okpoga, Okpokwu Local Government Area, Benue State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
P. N. Atser ◽  
E. B. Iorliam ◽  
M. Ochogwu ◽  
J. Ondoma ◽  
S. Wuam
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Clinic Visit ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

Aims: The study was carried out to determine the prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women attending St. Mary's Hospital Okpoga, Benue State, Nigeria, with respect to demographic factors, socio-economic and underlying medical determinants among pregnant women. Methodology: A retrospective study design was used for the study. The study of 858 pregnant women who booked for antenatal care (ANC) between March 2019 to March 2020 was done. Their records were retrieved from the Records Department and the ANC unit using a standard proforma. Results: The findings revealed that prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women at booking was (55.2%). The highest prevalence of anaemia by age range 15-20 years was (62.2%), by educational status, highest prevalence was among those with no formal education (84.3%), by occupation highest prevalence was among house wives (59.9%). By underlying medical condition – severe form of parasitaemia (78.5%), by degree of severity, mild form of anaemia 74.1%, was most prevalent. By parity, it was highest among multiparous women (66.9%), by habitants it was highest among rural habitants (73.9%) while prevalence by gestational age it was highest among pregnant mothers who were in their 3rd trimester (60%) in the first antenatal care (ANC) visit. Conclusion: Pregnant mothers need to book early for antenatal clinic to access services such as intermittent preventive treatment, uptake of iron supplements and anthelmintics. They should also be empowered economically to access ANC in order to reduce the problem of anaemia in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with carriage of Pfmdr1 polymorphisms among pregnant women receiving intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) and artemether-lumefantrine for malaria treatment in Burkina Faso

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamtandi Magloire Natama ◽  
Rouamba Toussaint ◽  
Djamina Line Cerine Bazié ◽  
Sékou Samadoulougou ◽  
Maminata Coulibaly-Traoré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Mutant Allele ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Dried Blood Spots ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
High Coverage ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background Single nucleotide polymorphisms occurring in the Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistant gene 1 (pfmdr1) are known to be associated with aminoquinoline resistance and, therefore, represent key P. falciparum markers for monitoring resistance both in susceptible groups (children under 5 years old and pregnant women) and in the general population. This study aimed to determine prevalence and factors associated with the carriage of pfmdr1 N86Y, Y184F and D1246Y polymorphisms among pregnant women in a setting of high malaria transmission in Burkina Faso. Methods Plasmodium falciparum isolates were collected at the first antenatal care visit (ANC-1) as well as at delivery from pregnant women participating in the COSMIC trial (NTC01941264), which assessed malaria preventive interventions during pregnancy in the Nanoro Health District. Here, pregnant women received intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) and malaria infections and/or diseases were treated using artemether-lumefantrine (AL) during the trial. Parasite DNA was extracted from dried blood spots and the presence of pfmdr1 mutations at positions 86, 184 and 1246 was determined using nested PCR, followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Results A prevalence of 13.2% (20/151) and 12.1% (14/116) of the pfmdr1 86Y mutant allele was found at ANC-1 and at delivery, respectively, while no mutant allele was observed for Y184F and D1246Y codons at both ANC-1 and at delivery. There were no significant factors associated with pfmdr1 86Y mutant allele carriage at ANC-1. However, malaria infections at delivery with a parasite density above the median (2237.2 (IQR: 613.5–11,425.7) parasites/µl) was associated with an increase risk of pfmdr1 86Y mutant allele carriage (AOR = 5.5 (95% CI  1.07–28.0); P = 0.04). In contrast, both three or more IPTp-SP doses (AOR = 0.25 (95% CI 0.07–0.92); P = 0.04) and one or more AL treatment (AOR = 0.25 (95% CI 0.07–0.89); P = 0.03) during pregnancy were associated with a significant reduce risk of pfmdr1 86Y mutant allele carriage at delivery. Conclusion These findings suggest that both high coverage of IPTp-SP and the use of AL for the treatment of malaria infection/disease during pregnancy select for pfmdr1 N86 wild-type allele at delivery.

scholarly journals Malaria in Pregnancy in Ethiope East Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
E. J. Onochie ◽  
A. O. Egwunyenga
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Malaria In Pregnancy ◽  
Bed Nets ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
In Pregnancy

The study was carried out to determine the prevalence of malaria in pregnant women in Ethiope East Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria during the period of March to August, 2014. A total of two hundred and seven pregnant women were examined, 60% were infected with malaria parasite. With respect to age, pregnant women within the age of 18-25 years had the higher prevalence rate of 67.8%. Prevalence rate of 63.5% were observed within pregnant women in their first trimester. Pregnant women who are farmers tend to have the highest prevalence rate of 71.4% while those who lived in rural areas showed prevalence rate of 69.1%. Primigravidae showed the higher prevalence rate of 68.9%. Of the two locations sampled Abraka had the highest overall prevalence in terms of malaria infection with 64% while Eku showed a prevalence rate of 56%. Based on the findings, there is clear evidence of high level of malaria in pregnant women in the study area, hence the need to reduce the morbidity of malaria in pregnancy in Delta State. Efforts should be made to scale-up intermittent preventive treatment of pregnant women (IPTp) for malaria with Sulfadoxine Pyrimethamine (SP), and ensure increased access to IPTp with SP in all areas in Delta State. Free bed nets should also be provided to pregnant women on their first antenatal visit.

scholarly journals Reaching the unreached: effectiveness and satisfaction with community-directed distribution of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for preventing malaria in pregnancy in rural South-East, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ijeoma Nkem Okedo-Alex ◽  
Ifeyinwa Chizoba Akamike ◽  
Chihurumnanya Nwachi Alo ◽  
Adaoha Pearl Agu ◽  
Chinyere Benedicta Nzeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Malaria Prevention ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background Innovative community strategies to increase intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) coverage is advocated particularly in rural areas, where health infrastructure is weakest and malaria transmission highest. This study involved proof-of-concept implementation research to determine satisfaction with and effectiveness of community-directed distribution of IPTp-SP on uptake among pregnant women in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Methods This before-and-after study was carried out in 2019 in a rural community in Ebonyi State Nigeria. The intervention involved advocacy visits, community-wide sensitizations on malaria prevention, house-to-house directly observed IPTp-SP administration, and follow-up visits by trained community-selected community-directed distributors (CDDs). Monthly IPTp-SP coverage was assessed over 5 months and data analysed using SPSS version 20. Results During the study, 229 women received the first dose of IPTp while 60 pregnant women received 5 or more doses of IPTp. The uptake of ≥ 3 IPTp doses increased from 31.4% before the community-directed distribution of IPTp to 71.6% (P < 0.001) by the fourth month post-initiation of the community-directed distribution of IPTp. Sleeping under insecticide-treated net (ITN) the night before the survey increased from 62.4 to 84.3% (P < 0.001) while reporting of fever during pregnancy decreased from 64.9 to 17.0% (P < 0.001). Although antenatal clinic utilization increased in the primary health centre serving the community, traditional birth attendants and patent medicine vendors in the community remained more patronized. Post-intervention, most mothers rated CDD services well (93.6%), were satisfied (97.6%), and preferred community IPTp administration to facility administration (92.3%). Conclusion Community-directed distribution of IPTp-SP improved uptake of IPTp-SP and ITN use. Mothers were satisfied with the services. The authors recommend sustained large-scale implementation of community-directed distribution of IPTp with active community engagement.

scholarly journals Reaching the unreached: effectiveness and satisfaction with community-directed distribution of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for preventing malaria in pregnancy in rural South-East, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ijeoma Nkem Okedo-Alex ◽  
Ifeyinwa Chizoba Akamike ◽  
Chihurumnanya Alo ◽  
Adaoha Pearl Agu ◽  
Chinyere Benedicta Nzeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Malaria Prevention ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Background Innovative community strategies to increase intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) coverage is advocated particularly in rural areas, where health infrastructure is weakest and malaria transmission highest. This study involved proof-of-concept implementation research to determine satisfaction with and effectiveness of community-directed distribution of IPTp-SP on uptake among pregnant women in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Methods This before-and-after study was carried out in 2019 in a rural community in Ebonyi State Nigeria. The intervention involved advocacy visits, community-wide sensitizations on malaria prevention, house-to-house directly observed IPTp-SP administration, and follow-up visits by trained community-selected community-directed distributors (CDDs). Monthly IPTp-SP coverage was assessed over 5 months and data analysed using SPSS version 20.Results During the study, 229 women received the first dose of IPTp while 60 pregnant women received 5 or more doses of IPTp. The uptake of ≥3 IPTp doses increased from 31.4% before the community-directed distribution of IPTp to 71.6% (P <0.001) by the fourth month post-initiation of the community-directed distribution of IPTp. Sleeping under insecticide-treated net (ITN) the night before the survey increased from 62.4 to 84.3% (P <0.001) while reporting of fever during pregnancy decreased from 64.9 to 17.0% (P <0.001). Although antenatal clinic utilization increased in the primary health centre serving the community, traditional birth attendants and patent medicine vendors in the community remained more patronized. Post-intervention, most mothers rated CDD services well (93.6%), were satisfied (97.6%), and preferred community IPTp administration to facility administration (92.3%).Conclusions Community-directed distribution of IPTp-SP improved uptake of IPTp-SP and ITN use. Mothers were satisfied with the services. The authors recommend sustained large-scale implementation of community-directed distribution of IPTp with active community engagement.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of the Revised Intermittent Preventive Treatment with Sulphadoxine Pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) in the Prevention of Malaria among Pregnant Women in Northern Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yaa Nyarko Agyeman ◽  
Sam Kofi Newton ◽  
Raymond Boadu Annor ◽  
Ellis Owusu-Dabo
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Malaria Prevalence ◽  
World Health ◽  
Northern Ghana ◽  
Sampling Frame ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Sulphadoxine Pyrimethamine

This study investigated the effectiveness of the World Health Organization (WHO)-revised Intermittent Preventive Treatment using Sulphadoxine Pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) dosage regimen in the prevention of malaria infections in pregnancy. The study involved a prospective cohort of pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinic in four health facilities (Tamale Teaching Hospital, Tamale West Hospital, Tamale Central Hospital, and Tamale SDA Hospital) within the Tamale metropolis. Data collection spanned a period of 12 months, from September 2016 to August 2017, to help account for seasonality in malaria. The study included 1181 pregnant women who attended antenatal clinics in four hospitals within the metropolis. The registers at the facilities served as a sampling frame, and the respondents were randomly sampled out from the number of pregnant women available during each visit. They were enrolled consecutively as they kept reporting to the facility to receive antenatal care. The participants were stratified into three groups; the no IPTp-SP, <3 doses of IPTp-SP, and ≥3 doses of IPTp-SP. The participants were followed up until 36 weeks of gestation, and blood samples were analyzed to detect the presence of peripheral malaria parasites. At the end of the study, 42.4% of the women had taken at least 3 doses of SP based on the revised WHO IPTp-SP policy. Pregnant women who had taken at least 3 doses of IPTp-SP had a malaria prevalence of 16.9% at 36 weeks of gestation, compared to 35.8% of those who had not taken IPTp-SP. In the multivariable logistic regression, those who had taken ≥3 doses of SP were associated with 56% reduced odds (aOR 0.44, CI 0.27–0.70, P = 0.001 ) of late gestational peripheral malaria, compared with those who did not take SP. IPTp-SP served under three or more doses provided a dose-dependent protection of 56% against maternal peripheral malaria parasitaemia detectable at the later stages of gestation (36 weeks). Since the dose-dependent potency of IPTp-SP depletes with time, there is the need for research into more sustainable approaches that offer longer protection.

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