THE FEATURES OF FORMATION SOMATIC PATHOLOGIES AT INFLUENCE OF LOCAL VIBRATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF METALLURGICAL MANUFACTURE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.L. Bazarova ◽  
◽  
I.S. Osherov ◽  
N.A. Roslaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Average Degree ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Local Vibration ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Age Features ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: Relevance. Local vibration is a significant factor in the production environment of metallurgical production, which affects health and efficiency. The aim of the study is to identify the exposure, gender and age features of the formation of general somatic morbidity associated with the impact of local vibration in the production of titanium alloys. Scope and methods. The prevalence of general somatic pathology was compared in 2596 workers who have contact with local vibration, with varying degrees of harmfulness of working conditions, and non-exposed persons according to the results of periodic medical examination using the methodology of occupational risk analysis of the Research Institute of Occupational Medicine. academician N. F. Izmerov. Results. At comparison of prevalence of a somatic pathology at workers in contact to local vibration to not exhibited persons according to medical inspection, and at different degree of harm of working conditions, are revealed the raised risks of formation of diseases nervous, kostno-muscular, endocrine systems, respiratory organs, digestion, an ear, a skin, an arterial hypertensia, the mental frustration, the raised weight of a body, gynecologic diseases with a tendency of growth of the majority of them at the big levels of vibration, more often at small, less often - average degree of communication with working conditions. The frequency of pathology in exposed workers was higher in all age groups. Average degree of communication with working conditions of a gynecologic pathology at the age of 18-25 years was marked. At men frequency of a pathology of respiratory organs, digestion is revealed authentically big, than at women; an ear; skin at the big relative risks 1,2-1,3, of the raised arterial pressure and hyperglycemia. Conclusion. A higher frequency of visceral pathology of a number of body systems under the influence of local vibration of high levels may justify the need to develop differentiated preventive programs to minimize its negative impact, taking into account the identified features in sex and age groups.

scholarly journals The Impact of Quarantine on Emotions during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-285
Author(s):  
Gintaras Chomentauskas ◽  
Edita Dereškevičiūtė ◽  
Gustė Kalanavičiūtė ◽  
Rasa Ališauskienė ◽  
Kristina Paulauskaitė
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Physical Pain ◽  
Single Item ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Perceived Pain ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: The present study explores how the general population of Lithuania felt during the national quarantine of COVID-19 in the period from March 30th to June 8th, 2020. Representative subjects were interviewed five times using adapted single-item questions to evaluate their emotions, stress, and perceived pain levels. Methods: It was hypothesized that gender and age-related differences would be found in emotional responses to the quarantine. Results and Discussion: During the five polls taken, more women were found to report feeling stressed, anxious, sad, and in more physical pain than men. Evaluations of anger, enjoyment, and calmness provided no statistically significant gender differences. Emotions were found to differ significantly between three age groups (18-29, 30-49, 50-74). Conclusion: Contrary to expectations, the biggest negative impact of quarantine was found in the youngest group aged 18-29 years: it showed the highest prevalence of stress, anxiety, and sadness of all age groups. Possible explanations for different gender and age-related emotional reactions are discussed.

Current problems of healthy working conditions and prevention of health disorders of agricultural mechanizers during the operation of self-propelled grain harvesters

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Tamara Anatolievna Novikova ◽  
Vladimir Fedorovich Spirin
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Local Vibration ◽  
Complete Replacement ◽  
Agricultural Machine ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Machine Operators ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Combine Harvesters ◽  
The Impact

The prevention of work-related health disorders is a priority in hygiene and preventive medicine. However, little attention has yet been paid to occupational health issues for agricultural workers. The purpose of this research was to assess the current state and develop measures to improve working conditions during the operation of self-propelled combine harvesters, the most widely represented in the existing machine and tractor fleet of agriculture in Russia. Measurements and hygienic assessment of the parameters of the factors of the production environment and the labor process in real production conditions have been carried out. The research results showed that the working conditions on self-propelled combine harvesters are characterized by a complex effect on workers of unfavorable factors (dustiness of the air in the working area, microclimatic discomfort, noise, general and local vibration, physical and sensory-emotional overload), the levels of which to varying degrees exceed hygienic standards. (classes 3.1–3.4). It has been established that the main reason for the formation of harmful working conditions is the operation of morally and physically worn out equipment. It is shown that the impact of an unfavorable production environment can serve as a risk factor for the emergence and development of general and occupational pathology among agricultural machine operators. A set of measures has been developed to ensure safe working conditions and reduce the risk of health disorders for machine operators, including normalizing the microclimate, reducing noise, vibration, dustiness in the air in the working area, optimizing the working posture, and introducing rational modes of work and rest. However, the basic measure that minimizes the adverse impact of professionally determined production factors on the health of agricultural machine operators is the complete replacement of the outdated machine and tractor fleet with agricultural machinery of new generations and compliance with the terms of its operation.

IMPACT OF FACEBOOK ADDICTION DISORDER (FAD) ON STUDY HABITS AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF ADOLESCENTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 195-207
Author(s):  
Shivani Vashishtha ◽  
Sona Ahuja ◽  
Mani Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Study Habits ◽  
Study Habit ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Facebook Addiction ◽  
The Impact

With the present era being technology driven, social media has become an indispensable part of many people irrespective of their age. Among different age groups, the maximum users are adolescents and among different social networking sites (SNS), Facebook shares the major part of usage by them. Many adolescents are tending towards excessive usage of Facebook leading to its addiction. Does this addiction have negative influence on adolescents or it actually helps them to keep up with their counterparts and be socially connected to them for their betterment? This question is unanswered specifically when it concerns the impact that it has on the study habits and academic achievement of adolescents. The hypotheses were tested in order to explore the impact of six dimensions (mood modification, deficient self-regulations, salience, loss of control, withdrawal, and relapse) of Facebook Addiction Disorder (FAD) using Bergens' Facebook Addiction Scale (BFAS), developed by Andreassen (2012). The results are based on the survey conducted on 200 adolescents studying in different schools of India. The findings indicate that there is a significant negative impact of Facebook Addiction Disorder (FAD) on study habits and academic achievement of adolescents. The major implication derived is that the higher the addiction to Facebook the study habit become poor and academic achievement decreases resulting in lower grades.

scholarly journals A simulation study on the relative role of age groups under differing pertussis transmission scenarios

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana I. Bento ◽  
Aaron A. King ◽  
Pejman Rohani
Keyword(s):  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Relative Role ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Transmission Mechanisms ◽  
Acellular Vaccines ◽  
The Impact

AbstractPertussis has resurged in many countries where it was once regarded as under control, with the recent outbreaks showing a shift in incidence towards teens and older individuals. Here, using an age-stratified transmission model, we tested two potential causes for underlying changes in pertussis transmission dynamics. We did so assuming hypothesized mechanisms supporting present-day pertussis epidemiology: (I) improved diagnostics, (II) acellular vaccines leading to asymptomatic transmission (III) both. We used the relative risks and odds ratio methods to examine the impact of these differing assumptions on signatures of relative roles of key age groups through time, allowing us to explore those age cohorts that disproportionately account for transmission. Our findings show that for epidemics after the vaccine switch, a scenario with increased adult reporting and no asymptomatic transmission reflect a loss of signal, where no age group appears to be key. While scenarios with asymptomatic transmission, reflect a population where children (1-10 years old) are still disproportionally at risk. These results demonstrate that understanding the underlying transmission mechanisms in a population are paramount for vaccination policies in attaining herd immunity and eventually eradication.

scholarly journals Clinical and Pregnancy Outcomes of COVID-19 Among Hospitalized Pregnant Women in the United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina M Ackerman ◽  
Jennifer L Nguyen ◽  
Swapna Ambati ◽  
Maya Reimbaeva ◽  
Birol Emir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Supplemental Oxygen ◽  
Healthcare Database ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Pregnant women with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) may be at greater risk of poor maternal and pregnancy outcomes. This retrospective analysis reports clinical and pregnancy outcomes among hospitalized pregnant women with COVID-19 in the United States. Methods The Premier Healthcare Database – Special Release was used to examine the impact of COVID-19 among pregnant women aged 15–44 years who were hospitalized and who delivered compared with pregnant women without COVID-19. Outcomes evaluated were COVID-19 clinical progression, including the use of supplemental oxygen therapy, intensive care unit admission, critical illness, receipt of invasive mechanical ventilation/extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and maternal death, and pregnancy outcomes, including preterm delivery and stillbirth. Results Overall, 473,902 hospitalized pregnant women were included, of whom 8584 (1.8%) had a COVID-19 diagnosis (mean [SD] age 28.4 [6.1] years; 40% Hispanic). The risk of poor clinical and pregnancy outcomes was greater among pregnant women with COVID-19 compared with pregnant women without a COVID-19 diagnosis in 2020; the risk of poor clinical and pregnancy outcomes increased with increasing age. Hispanic and Black non-Hispanic women were consistently observed to have the highest relative risk of experiencing poor clinical or pregnancy outcomes across all age groups. Conclusions Overall, COVID-19 had a significant negative impact on maternal health and pregnancy outcomes. These data help inform clinical practice and counselling to pregnant women regarding the risks of COVID-19. Clinical studies evaluating the safety and efficacy of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in pregnant women are urgently needed.

scholarly journals A study of working conditions in foundries when performing welding operations. Foundry production and metallurgy

2019 ◽  
pp. 163-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Lazarenkov
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Thermal Radiation ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Casting Defects ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Local Vibration ◽  
Hand Tool

The results of studies of the factors of the production environment in the workplace in the performance of welding works to eliminate casting defects of castings and measures to protect workers from their impact are researched. It is established that in the workplace of welders there are increased levels of noise in various welding methods, as well as when stripping welds with a hand tool; increased levels of local vibration when working with hand grinders; exceeding the permissible values of the intensity of infrared (thermal) radiation. The results of the study of ultraviolet radiation in various welding operations.

scholarly journals Features of formation somatic pathologies under chronic exposure to hydrofluoride in the manufacture of titanic alloys

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (12) ◽  
pp. 1436-1442
Author(s):  
Ekaterina L. Bazarova ◽  
Anna A. Fedoruk ◽  
Ilya S. Osherov ◽  
Natalya A. Roslaya ◽  
Aleksey G. Babenko
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Small Degree ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Evolutionary Features ◽  
Fluorine Compounds ◽  
High Degree

Introduction. Most studies on the morbidity of workers with fluorine compounds are devoted to occupational medicine at aluminium industry enterprises. The aim of the study is to identify the exposure, gender and evolutionary features of the formation of general somatic morbidity associated with chronic occupational exposure to hydrofluoride in the production of titanium alloys. Materials and methods. The analysis of the prevalence of chronic pathology according to the medical examination of 562 workers in contact with hydrofluoride and the incidence of temporary disability according to 29949 disability sheets in comparison with non-exposed persons of the same enterprise is given. Results. With an increase in the degree of harmfulness of working conditions, there was an augmentation increase in the risk of developing pathology of the respiratory organs, eyes, musculoskeletal system, arterial hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. In the working conditions of Class 3.1, an increased prevalence of diseases of the nervous and genitourinary systems with a moderate degree of occupational conditionality was revealed (relative risks (RR) 1.6 and 2.0, respectively, р < 0.05), class 3.2 - a high degree of professional conditionality of respiratory diseases (RR = 2.8). When working in harmful working conditions, there was an average degree of occupational conditionality of nervous system diseases in women (RR = 1.9) and a small degree of arterial hypertension in men (RR = 1.2). The prevalence of general somatic pathology in all age groups was higher than in non-exposed persons of the same age. Conclusion. Hydrofluoride in the production of titanium alloys was proved to be a trigger contributing to the formation of the pathology of the respiratory, circulatory, digestive, ear, eyes, skin, blood, musculoskeletal, nervous, endocrine, and genitourinary systems.

Professional conditioning of the formation of diseases of the musculoskeletal system in traffic police inspectors

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 899-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. F. Chernikova ◽  
V. V. Troshin ◽  
M. M. Nekrasova ◽  
A. V. Zuev
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Occupational Risk ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Fourth Degree ◽  
Linear Character ◽  
Traffic Police ◽  
The Impact

Back pain is one of the most common causes of temporary disability (TD) and medical aid appealability. Pain syndrome of lumbosacral localization is typical for the class of diseases of the musculoskeletal system (DMSS). The factors of workload be the cause of the development of occupationally determined DMSS. Given the possibility of the impact of same factors on traffic policemen, it seems relevant to study the risk of developing DMSS in this group workers.The aim of study based on the study of working conditions of traffic police inspectors and the prevalence of BCMS among THEM to assess the degree of professional conditioning of the analyzed diseases.The assessment of working conditions of inspectors of traffic police with measurement of levels of influence of professional factors was carried out. Retrospective analysis of health status was carried out according to the data of outpatient cards (431 cards) and sick leaves (568 sheets for 369 people), as well as subjectively according to the results of a survey (117 questionnaires) in different age and age groups. Nonparametric and parametric methods of variational statistics were used to establish the reliability of the differences.Working conditions of traffic police inspectors-harmful fourth degree (class 3.4), limiting factors were the microclimate (3.3), tension (3.3) and the severity of work (3.2). Predicted index of occupational diseases — 0,5–1,0 — very high (intolerable) occupational risk. BCMS ranked 1st in the structure of morbidity and amounted to 37.12±2.3 cases per 100 workers–2.8 times higher than the average. The linear character of the increase in the cases of BKMS with experience was observed (approximation coefficient R2=0.98; p<0.001). The increase in the number of cases of BCMS in the group with experience of 10 years or more compared to the group up to 5 years is statistically significant: χ2=29.79 (p<0.001).The linear nature of the dependence of the increase in the number of diseases with experience was revealed. Professional conditionality of development of BKMS in group of inspectors of traffic police traffic police is statistically proved. The level of relative occupational risk in the BCMS class is high.

Results of special assessment of working conditions for workers in various sectors of economy of the Republic of Bashkortostan

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Elena Abrakhmanova ◽  
Lyaylya Masyagutova ◽  
Aynur Gabbasov ◽  
Akhat Bakirov ◽  
Galina Gimranova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Physical Factor ◽  
Biological Factor ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Special Assessment ◽  
The Impact

The work presents data analysis of the results of special assessment of working conditions for workers of various branches of economy in the Bashkortostan Republic. Results of special assessment of working conditions (SAWC) and medical examinations were used for the analysis. It is noted, that some professional groups, for example, persons performing their work in the sphere of agriculture, have no exposure to the biological factor. Construction workers were not exposed to industrial vibration, while the noise level for half of the analyzed cases was of class 2.0, although in most cases, industrial noise and vibration have single source. Proportion of facilities that revealed a discrepancy between levels of harmful industrial factors and requirements of sanitary legislation remains high. The greatest share of objects does not correspond to sanitary and epidemiological requirements according to the chemical and physical factor. At the moment, SAWC does not fully reflect the working conditions of employees in different sectors of production. Underestimation of its influence on working conditions of workers is typical for a considerable number of professional groups and individual jobs. Analysis on the basis of SAWC is not sufficient for a hygienic assessment of the impact of production environment factors and labour process on health and requires comprehensive assessment methods.

Study of Luxembourg workplaces shows diversity has negative impact on job satisfaction

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Quality Of Work Life ◽  
Workplace Diversity ◽  
Foreign Workers ◽  
Social Security Administration ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Previous studies examined the effects of diversity according to gender, race and age, whereas the present study focused on nationality. The authors wanted to find out the impact of workplace diversity on job satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach The analysis relied on two data sources. The first was the 2013 survey of “Working Conditions and the Quality of Work Life” in Luxembourg. The sampling plan was based on data from Luxembourg’s social security administration. There were four variables: The first was the size of the firm (less than 15 employees, between 15 and 49, and more than 50). The second was employee status (blue collar worker, or employee). The other variables were gender and age. Findings Results showed workplace diversity has a negative impact on job satisfaction. But the data also revealed job satisfaction increased for the minority nationalities when a certain threshold for diversity was reached. The authors said this might be because when there were enough workers “like themselves”, satisfaction grew. Originality/value The authors said their study would become increasingly important as globalization increased the proportion of foreign workers inside firms. They said that from a managerial perspective, it was crucial to know if national diversity was linked to employees’ attitudes.

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