Sleep Apnea and Sleep-related Breathing Disorders in Patients with Craniofacial Synostosis

1994 ◽  
Vol 114 (sup517) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kakitsuba ◽  
T. Sadaoka ◽  
S. Motoyama ◽  
Y. Fujiwara ◽  
R. Kanai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Related Breathing Disorders ◽  
Breathing Disorders

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Hypoxemia during Sleep and Overnight Rostral Fluid Shift in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
pp. 204589402199693
Author(s):  
Etienne-Marie Jutant ◽  
David Montani ◽  
Caroline Sattler ◽  
Sven Günther ◽  
Olivier Sitbon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Central Sleep Apnea ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fluid Shift ◽  
Sleep Related Breathing Disorders ◽  
Breathing Disorders ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

Introduction. Sleep-related breathing disorders, including sleep apnea and hypoxemia during sleep, are common in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Overnight fluid shift from the legs to the upper airway and to the lungs promotes obstructive and central sleep apnea, respectively, in fluid retaining states. The main objective was to evaluate if overnight rostral fluid shift from the legs to the upper part of the body is associated with sleep-related breathing disorders in PAH. Methods. In a prospective study, a group of stable patients with idiopathic, heritable, related to drugs, toxins, or treated congenital heart disease PAH underwent a polysomnography and overnight fluid shift measurement by bioelectrical impedance in the month preceding or following a one-day hospitalization according to regular PAH follow-up schedule with a right heart catheterization. Results. Among 15 patients with PAH (women: 87%; median [25th;75th percentiles] age: 40 [32;61] years; mean pulmonary arterial pressure 56 [46;68] mmHg; pulmonary vascular resistance 8.8 [6.4;10.1] Wood units), 2 patients had sleep apnea and 8 (53%) had hypoxemia during sleep without apnea. The overnight rostral fluid shift was 168 [118;263] mL per leg. Patients with hypoxemia during sleep had a greater fluid shift (221 [141; 361] mL) than those without hypoxemia (118 [44; 178] mL, p = 0.045). Conclusion. This pilot study suggests that hypoxemia during sleep is associated with overnight rostral fluid shift in PAH.

scholarly journals Hormonal status and the orexin system in obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Natalya Viktorovna Strueva ◽  
Galina Afanas'evna Melnichenko ◽  
Mikhail Gur'evich Poluektov ◽  
Larisa Viktorovna Savel'eva ◽  
Gulinara Viktorovna Katsya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Hormone Metabolism ◽  
Sleep Related Breathing Disorders ◽  
Breathing Disorders ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

The aim of research was to estimate the influence of hormone metabolism and sleep apnea on patients with obesity. 76 patients (37 males and 39 females) with obesity were included in this study. After night polysomnography all patients were divided in two groups comparableby age, sex ratio and BMI. The first group consisted of 41 patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), the second (controls) – 35 patients without breath disorders during sleep. OSAS is accompanied by the increase in urinary cortisol during the night, high levels ofbasal insulin, disturbances of hepatic production of IGF-1, dysfunction of the pituitary-gonadal axis. Our results show that sleep-related breathing disorders render markedly and negatively affect on hormonal parameters of patients with obesity. As a reliable difference of basalsecretion of orexin A in obese patients with and without OSAS was not revealed (42,0 [14; 99,5] vs. 18,0 [14,5; 124,5] pg/ml; р=0,9), we were not able to show the existence that the existence of OSAS is followed by any special changes of activity of the orexin system.

scholarly journals Sleep-related breathing disorders in patients with heart failure: classification, epidemiology and pathophysiology. Part I

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2S) ◽  
pp. 4386
Author(s):  
K. S. Krupichka ◽  
M. V. Agaltsov ◽  
R. P. Myasnikov ◽  
O. M. Drapkina
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Central Sleep Apnea ◽  
Periodic Breathing ◽  
Healthy Person ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Sleep Related Breathing Disorders ◽  
Breathing Disorders ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
High Prevalence

The problem of heart failure (HF) is one of the central problems in modern cardiology due to its high prevalence among the population and high mortality. In turn, sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD) are widespread in patients with HF and are associated with both the progression of the underlying disease and a decrease in the quality of life. For the first time, periodic breathing, as one of the types of sleep breathing disorders, was described in patients with HF.Further study of the issue showed a high prevalence of other types of SRBD among patients with HF The article discusses the physiology of sleep breathing monitoring in a healthy person and the pathophysiology of SRBD. The pathogenesis of central sleep apnea and its relationship with HF are discussed in detail. In addition, the mechanisms of the adverse effect of obstructive sleep apnea and HF are highlighted.

Abstract 17063: Sleep Related Breathing Disorders and Heart Rate Variability in Young and Healthy Adults From the General Population

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Aeschbacher ◽  
Matthias Bossard ◽  
Mirco von Rotz ◽  
Tobias Schoen ◽  
Anna Maseli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Sleep Related Breathing Disorders ◽  
Breathing Disorders ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The influence of sleep related breathing disorders on heart rate variability (HRV), a measure of autonomic nervous function, is not well studied. We therefore assessed the relationship of the Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) and the Oxygen Desaturation Index (ODI) with 24-hour HRV in a large population of young and healthy adults. Methods: Individuals aged between 25-41 years with a body mass index ≤35km/kg2 and without known sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) or cardiovascular disease were included in the population-based GAPP-study. A 24-hour electrocardiogram (ECG) was obtained in every participant, and systematic post-processing performed with a dedicated software. The standard deviation of all normal RR intervals (SDNN) was used as main HRV marker. AHI and ODI were obtained from nighttime pulsoxymetry with nasal airflow measurements. Sleep apnea (SA) was defined as either an AHI ≥5 or an ODI ≥5. Multivariable regression models were constructed to assess the relationship of SDNN with either AHI or ODI and to adjust for a large number of confounders. Results: We included 1266 participants (47% men) with a median age of 35 years. Mean SDNN among men and women was 162 and 148ms (p<0.0001), respectively. The proportion of participants with SA using an AHI- or ODI-based definition was 10 and 11%, respectively. Compared to individuals without SA, the beta coefficient (95% confidence interval (CI)) for SDNN was -7.48 (-14.75; -0.23, p=0.04) among those with an AHI-based SA definition, and was -11.45 (-18.39; -4.52, p=0.001) among those with an ODI-based SA definition. A highly significant inverse trend across different categories of AHI and ODI was observed, as shown in the Table. Conclusion: Early stages of sleep related breathing disorders are strongly associated with decreasing HRV in young and healthy adults, without evidence of a threshold. These findings suggest a tight link between sleep related breathing disorders and autonomic dysfunction.

scholarly journals P.2.35 Heart rate variability and sleep-related breathing disorders in commercial drivers

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A96.1-A96
Author(s):  
Wei-te Wu ◽  
Yu-Jen Lin ◽  
Saou-Hsing Liou
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Sleep Related Breathing Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breathing Disorders ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Commercial Drivers

BackgroundSleep-related breathing disorders, such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), seems to have an important influence on the autonomic nervous function on the heart, and associated with cardiovascular mortality. Therefore, we assessed the relations of sleep apnea-related parameters with 5 min heart rate variability (HRV) in a large cohort of male commercial drivers.MethodsThis cross-sectional study recruited 245 male bus drivers from one transportation company in Taiwan. Each participant was evaluated by a polysomnography (PSG) test and by blood lipids examination. Severity of OSA was categorized according to the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). In addition, short-term HRV was tested.ResultsSubjects were categorized into severe OSA group (n=44; 17.9%), moderate and mild OSA group (n=117; 47.8%), and non-OSA group (n=84; 34.3%). AHI had negative correlations with SDNN (β=−0.075, p=0.007) and RMSSD (β=−0.121, p<0.001), adjusting for age, body mass index, smoking, drinking, systolic blood pressure, HDL, and fasting blood glucose. RMSSD level was decreased with severe OSA (β=−0.266, p=0.042) even adjusting for confounders.ConclusionsThe findings showed a low level of RMSSD in OSA among commercial drivers, especially in the severe group category. Decreased SDNN and RMSSD levels are associated with AHI level in commercial drivers, suggesting that they are tightly linked with autonomic dysfunction.

scholarly journals Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

2019 ◽  
pp. 884-896
Author(s):  
Hugo Paz y Mar ◽  
Neal F. Chaisson
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Central Sleep Apnea ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Sleep Related Breathing Disorders ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Breathing Disorders ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

The high prevalence of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and the putative pathophysiologic connections have been extensively documented. Conversely, patients with established PAH are at risk for sleep-related ventilatory instability, including OSA, central sleep apnea, and nocturnal desaturations. This chapter reviews the prevalence and pathophysiologic interactions of these conditions, the interplay with associated disorders, and the effects of continuous positive airway pressure therapy on pulmonary hemodynamics. In patients with OSA, chronic effects of repetitive hypoxia as well as comorbidities, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and left-sided heart dysfunction, play a role in promoting pulmonary hypertension. Sleep disordered breathing, representing a spectrum of sleep-related breathing disorders inclusive of OSA, is highly prevalent among patients with established pulmonary hypertension. Obstructive events, central sleep apnea, and nocturnal hypoxia are within the spectrum of sleep-related breathing disorders in pulmonary hypertension. The mechanisms for these associations remain speculative.

scholarly journals cardiovascular effects of oral appliances in obstructive sleep apnea

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-405
Author(s):  
M. V. Agaltsov
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Oral Appliances ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Cpap Therapy ◽  
Sleep Related Breathing Disorders ◽  
Breathing Disorders ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Custom Made

Oral  appliances  (ОА)  are  one  of  the  leading  methods  of  effective  treatment  of  sleep-related  breathing disorders. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a widespread disturbance in the general population. It is closely associated with many cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, chronic heart failure, ischemic heart disease). Timely detection and treatment of OSA is an important task in the process of reducing the number of cardiac complications. Modern devices for the treatment of OSA are custom-made devices which allow to change the position of the mandible and its extension providing personalized treatment of snoring and sleep apnea. Changing the degree of the mandible extension, the ОА retains the upper respiratory tract in open position and indirectly stimulates the muscles, determining their tone. The effectiveness of the ОА is evaluated by the complete elimination of all respiratory events (snoring, upper airway resistance syndrome, OSA and hypopnea), as well as the influence on the sleep structure and the wakefulness functioning (excessive daytime sleepiness). The effects of ОА on cardiovascular diseases are of great importance, as they showed a decrease in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as a positive effect on the impaired endothelial function. Among all the treatment options, ОА take the leading positions, only slightly inferior in effectiveness to noninvasive ventilation, so called CPAP therapy. Regarding the long-term adherence to therapy (which is especially important in the cardiovascular prevention) оral appliances exceed CPAP therapy. Thus, the OA therapy is one of the leading therapeutic directions in modern sleep medicine for obstructive sleep-related breathing disorders.

scholarly journals 811 Lessons from a Pandemic - Streamlining Sleep Apnea Care; is the future here?

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A316-A317
Author(s):  
Folu Akinnusi ◽  
Daniel Rifkin
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Sleep Medicine ◽  
Optimal Care ◽  
Sleep Related Breathing Disorders ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Breathing Disorders ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
The Future ◽  
Care Gaps

Abstract Introduction Ready access to optimal care for sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD) remains a major barrier to the vast majority of an estimated 25 million Americans with undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnea. This barrier includes lack of readily available sleep medicine expert contact, health care insurance navigation challenges and difficulties with continuity of care. Chronic pervasive gaps in sleep medicine care were exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. While numerous models were previously proposed to bridge SRBD care gaps, sustained and quantifiable success has been elusive. Methods Deploying interactive technology and artificial intelligence, we designed and implemented a novel, user-friendly integrated medium named Ognomy - the Sleep Apnea App, to mitigate widespread SRBD care access gaps. Multi-faceted but unified open access was made widely available, allowing bidirectional patient-provider interaction through a Web App. Individuals or surrogates who suspect that they or dependents suffer from SRBD are able to readily establish secure access to Ognomy. Patients can independently download and interact with the application on-demand and around the clock. Results From April 2020 to date, more than seven thousand (7,726) Ognomy App downloads have been documented. Over a thousand (1,169) patient registrations have occurred on Ognomy. Five hundred seventy-four (49.1%) of Ognomy App registrants have since been provided hitherto difficult, cumbersome access to full care, by a board-certified Sleep Medicine provider. Four hundred eighty-nine (85.2%) of the 574 patients managed via Ognomy’s care provision chain proceeded to complete sleep diagnostic testing and follow up. Conclusion Availability of a readily accessible and affordable multi-faceted platform for care of sleep-related breathing disorders will mitigate the burden of untreated SRBD in the United Sates and worldwide. Ognomy, a Sleep as a Software service, is a novel integrated tool, bridging chronic gaps in sleep apnea care. Measures that significantly alter the trajectory of Sleep Medicine care now and in the future, have the potential to systematically close existing SRBD care gaps worldwide. Innovative tools such as algorithmic scheduling, Blockchain utility for platform interoperability, facilitating insurance benefit verifications, deployed in tandem with delivery drone systems for home sleep testing, should enhance turnaround time and improve care currently available for SRBD. Support (if any):

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