The Significance of an Abnormal EEG in Psychopathic Personalities

1972 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Harper ◽  
Marion Morris ◽  
Jean Bleyerveld
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Clinical Correlates ◽  
Environmental Deprivation ◽  
Organic Disorder

The clinical features of 100 patients with psychopathic personalities presenting to an acute psychiatric service are described. Neurotic symptoms were frequently found to co-exist with psychopathic traits. Fifty-three patients had abnormal electroencephalograms. The abnormalities were significantly negatively correlated with age, and positively with the occurrence of epileptic convulsions, but few other significant clinical correlates were found. It is suggested that an abnormal EEG may be positively misleading if misinterpreted as evidence of epilepsy or of an “organic” disorder. The medico-legal and therapeutic implications of this conclusion are discussed. It is suggested that environmental deprivation may be one of the factors responsible for the delay in electroencephalographic maturation so frequently found in psychopaths.

Obsessive-compulsive Disorder with Comorbid Bipolar Disorders: Clinical Features and Treatment Implications

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (41) ◽  
pp. 5722-5730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Mucci ◽  
Cristina Toni ◽  
Ettore Favaretto ◽  
Giulia Vannucchi ◽  
Donatella Marazziti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Mood Stabilizers ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Episodic Course ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Depressive Episodes

Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms within the context of a bipolar disorder (BD) have been described since the 19th century. Interestingly, the existence of a relevant overlap between the aforementioned psychiatric syndromes has been confirmed by a number of recent epidemiological and family studies. Aims: The aim of the present paper is to review the clinical features and the therapeutic implications of the OCD-BD comorbidity. Discussion: In the last two decades, the frequent association between OCD and BD has been earning a growing interest given its relevant nosological and therapeutic implications. Usually patients suffering from OCD-BD comorbidity show a peculiar clinical course, characterized by a larger number of concomitant depressive episodes and episodic course. In these cases, the treatment with antidepressants is more likely to elicit hypomanic or manic switches, while mood stabilizers significantly improve the overall clinical picture. Moreover, OCD-BD patients are frequently comorbid with a number of other psychiatric disorders, in particular anxiety disorders, social phobia, and different substance abuses, such as alcohol, nicotine, caffeine and sedatives. Conclusions: BD-OCD comorbidity needs further investigations in order to provide more solid evidences to give patients a more precise clinical diagnosis and a more targeted therapeutic approach.

GABRB3-related epilepsy: novel variants, clinical features and therapeutic implications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Yang ◽  
Qi Zeng ◽  
Miaomiao Cheng ◽  
Xueyang Niu ◽  
Wenshu Xiangwei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Novel Variants

Crime Victimization of Persons with Severe Mental Illness in Taiwan

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 460-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Chi Hsu ◽  
Chuen-Jim Sheu ◽  
Shen-Ing Liu ◽  
Yi-Wen Sun ◽  
Shu-I Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
General Population ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
Crime Victimization ◽  
The West ◽  
Clinical Correlates ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population

Objective: Research in the West has shown that persons with severe mental illness are easy targets of criminals. The aim of the present study was to investigate the types, incidence, and prevalence of crime victimization and its demographic and clinical correlates among persons with severe mental illness in Taiwan. Methods: Participants diagnosed with schizophrenia or major affective disorders were selected from the psychiatric service of a general hospital. They were asked about any crime perpetrated against them within the preceding year. Only crimes occurring after a psychiatric diagnosis had been made were included. The results of this survey were compared with crimes among the general population in 2000 as reported by the Taiwan Crime Victimization Survey of the Ministry of Justice. Results: The 1 year prevalence of victimization in the study population was 16.8%, compared with 11.3% in the general population. After controlling for demographic and clinical variables it was found that those with affective disorders or a history of alcohol abuse were more likely to be victimized. Conclusion: In Taiwan, persons with severe mental illness are more vulnerable to crime victimization than the general population.

Occurrence and clinical correlates of psychiatric co-morbidity in delusional disorder

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Maina ◽  
U. Albert ◽  
A. Badà ◽  
F. Bogetto
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Delusional Disorder ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Clinical Correlates ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Index Evaluation ◽  
Dsm Iv

SummaryThe present study investigated the occurrence and the clinical correlates of psychiatric co-morbidity in a sample of 64 patients with delusional disorder (DD). Subjects were evaluated with a semi-structured interview for the collection of demographic and clinical features of the disorder; co-morbid axis 1 disorders were determined according to the clinical interview using DSM-IV by Othmer and Othmer. Delusional disorder subjects with and without co-morbid diagnoses were compared to investigate whether the presence of another psychiatric disorder influenced the clinical features of the illness.Seventy-two percent of the subjects had at least one additional lifetime psychiatric diagnosis. High lifetime co-morbidity was found with affective disorders, whose onset generally had been subsequent to the onset of DD. Patients with at least one co-morbid disorder (N = 46) had an earlier age at onset, presented for the first psychiatric consultation at an earlier age, and were younger at index evaluation for this study with respect to patients without co-morbidity (N = 18). Types of DD differed significantly according to the presence/absence of lifetime co-morbid disorders: DD patients with co-morbidity were in most cases persecutory type (54.4%) while DD patients without co-morbidity were mixed type (66.7%).Our data indicate that there is a considerable proportion of patients whose DDr is strictly connected with other co-occurring psychiatric disorders (mainly affective disorders), which exert an influence on the phenomenology of the illness.

scholarly journals Cutaneous and Mucosal Melanomas of Uncommon Sites: Where Do We Stand Now?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 478
Author(s):  
Emi Dika ◽  
Martina Lambertini ◽  
Cristina Pellegrini ◽  
Giulia Veronesi ◽  
Barbara Melotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Somatic Alterations ◽  
Mucosal Lesions ◽  
Novel Targets ◽  
Prompt Diagnosis ◽  
New Strategies

Melanomas arising at uncommon sites include a group of lesions related to unusual localizations in specific ethnic groups. The rarity of the disease often represents a limit to the participation of patients in specific trials. However, this peculiar genetic scenario has important therapeutic implications regarding new oncologic therapies. The aim of this article is to review the clinical features, somatic alterations and therapeutic options for melanomas of uncommon sites. They can be classified as cutaneous and mucosal lesions affecting the nail apparatus, palms/soles, oral mucosa, genital area and scalp. The prognosis may be worse compared to melanomas of other districts, and a prompt diagnosis may dramatically influence the outcome. Dermatologists and oncologists should therefore distinguish this melanoma subgroup in terms of surgical intervention and medical treatment. Due to the lack of mutations in genes usually found in cutaneous melanomas, the discovery of novel targets is required to develop new strategies and to change the prognosis of non-responders or wild-type patients.

scholarly journals Malignant Sinonasal Tumors: Update on Histological and Clinical Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 2420-2438
Author(s):  
Alessandra Bracigliano ◽  
Fabiana Tatangelo ◽  
Francesco Perri ◽  
Giuseppe Di Lorenzo ◽  
Roberto Tafuto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Tp53 Gene ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Pathologic Features ◽  
Tert Gene ◽  
Immunohistochemical Assessment ◽  
Genetic Assessment

Tumors of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses (TuNSs) are rare and heterogeneous malignancies, presenting different histological features and clinical behavior. We reviewed the literature about etiology, biology, and clinical features of TuNSs to define pathologic features and possible treatment strategies. From a diagnostic point of view, it is mandatory to have high expertise and perform an immunohistochemical assessment to distinguish between different histotypes. Due to the extreme rarity of these neoplasms, there are no standard and evidence-based therapeutic strategies, lacking prospective and large clinical trials. In fact, most studies are retrospective analyses. Surgery represents the mainstay of treatment of TuNSs for small and localized tumors allowing complete tumor removal. Locally advanced lesions require more demolitive surgery that should be always followed by adjuvant radio- or chemo-radiotherapy. Recurrent/metastatic disease requires palliative chemo- and/or radiotherapy. Many studies emphasize the role of specific genes mutations in the development of TuNSs like mutations in the exons 4–9 of the TP53 gene, in the exon 9 of the PIK3CA gene and in the promoter of the TERT gene. In the near future, this genetic assessment will have new therapeutic implications. Future improvements in the understanding of the etiology, biology, and clinical features of TuNSs are warranted to improve their management.

scholarly journals Primary or secondary chronic functional dizziness: does it make a difference? A DizzyReg study in 356 patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 267 (S1) ◽  
pp. 212-222
Author(s):  
Maximilian Habs ◽  
Ralf Strobl ◽  
Eva Grill ◽  
Marianne Dieterich ◽  
Sandra Becker-Bense
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Head Impulse Test ◽  
Common Peak ◽  
Early Peak ◽  
Visual Vertical ◽  
Criteria For Diagnosis ◽  
Organic Disorder

AbstractIn 2017, the term “persistent postural-perceptual dizziness” (PPPD) was coined by the Bárány Society, which provided explicit criteria for diagnosis of functional vertigo and dizziness disorders. PPPD can originate secondarily after an organic disorder (s-PPPD) or primarily on its own, in the absence of somatic triggers (p-PPPD). The aim of this database-driven study in 356 patients from a tertiary vertigo center was to describe typical demographic and clinical features in p-PPPD and s-PPPD patients. Patients underwent detailed vestibular testing with neurological and neuro-orthoptic examinations, video-oculography during water caloric stimulation, video head-impulse test, assessment of the subjective visual vertical, and static posturography. All patients answered standardized questionnaires (Dizziness Handicap Inventory, DHI; Vestibular Activities and Participation, VAP; and Euro-Qol-5D-3L). One hundred and ninety-five patients (55%) were categorized as p-PPPD and 162 (45%) as s-PPPD, with female gender slightly predominating (♀:♂ = 56%:44%), particularly in the s-PPPD subgroup (64%). The most common somatic triggers for s-PPPD were benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (27%), and vestibular migraine (24%). Overall, p-PPPD patients were younger than s-PPPD patients (44 vs. 48 years) and showed a bimodal age distribution with an additional early peak in young adults (about 30 years of age) beside a common peak at the age of 50–55. The most sensitive diagnostic tool was posturography, revealing a phobic sway pattern in 50% of cases. s-PPPD patients showed higher handicap and functional impairment in DHI (47 vs. 42) and VAP (9.7 vs. 8.9). There was no difference between both groups in EQ-5D-3L. In p-PPPD, anxiety (20% vs. 10%) and depressive disorders (25% vs. 9%) were more frequent. This retrospective study in a large cohort showed relevant differences between p- and s-PPPD patients in terms of demographic and clinical features, thereby underlining the need for careful syndrome subdivision for further prospective studies.

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