scholarly journals A clinical experience with a hierarchically controlled myoelectric hand prosthesis with vibro-tactile feedback

1993 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Kyberd ◽  
N. Mustapha ◽  
F. Carnegie ◽  
P. H. Chappell
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Feedback ◽  
Grip Force ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Hierarchical Control ◽  
Tactile Feedback ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Direct Control ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Electronic Controller

Improved performance of externally powered myoelectric hands is possible when the direct control of the digit flexion and grip force are given over to an electronic controller which frees the operator to concentrate on other demands. Design: A commercial myoelectric hand was modified to take the new touch and slip sensors and novel control method. Subject: An adult male with a traumatic mid-forearm amputation. Outcome measure: The range and ease of use of the prosthetics system. Result: The hand was easily and usefully operated in the home and work environment. Conclusion: Hierarchical control of a hand is possible using sensory feedback to a sophisticated electronic controller. Such a control method reduces the demands on the user's concentration and enhances the hand's range.

scholarly journals A functional cortical network for sensorimotor sequence generation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duo Xu ◽  
Yuxi Chen ◽  
Angel M. Delgado ◽  
Natasha C. Hughes ◽  
Mingyuan Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Feedback ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Hierarchical Control ◽  
Tactile Feedback ◽  
Cortical Network ◽  
Sequence Generation ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Complex Sequences ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Sequence Execution

The brain generates complex sequences of movements that can be flexibly reconfigured in real-time based on sensory feedback, but how this occurs is not fully understood. We developed a novel ‘sequence licking’ task in which mice directed their tongue to a target that moved through a series of locations. Mice could rapidly reconfigure the sequence online based on tactile feedback. Closed-loop optogenetics and electrophysiology revealed that tongue/jaw regions of somatosensory (S1TJ) and motor (M1TJ) cortex encoded and controlled tongue kinematics at the level of individual licks. Tongue premotor (anterolateral motor, ALM) cortex encoded intended tongue angle in a smooth manner that spanned individual licks and even whole sequences, and progress toward the reward that marked successful sequence execution. ALM activity regulated sequence initiation, but multiple cortical areas collectively controlled termination of licking. Our results define a functional cortical network for hierarchical control of sensory- and reward-guided orofacial sequence generation.

Human Cerebral Potentials During Motor Training Under Different Forms of Sensory Feedback

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 234-244
Author(s):  
Uwe Niederberger ◽  
Wolf-Dieter Gerber
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Sensory Feedback ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Tactile Feedback ◽  
Proprioceptive Feedback ◽  
Motor Training ◽  
Feedback Group ◽  
Emg Feedback ◽  
The Right ◽  
Training Success

Abstract In two experiments with four and two groups of healthy subjects, a novel motor task, the voluntary abduction of the right big toe, was trained. This task cannot usually be performed without training and is therefore ideal for the study of elementary motor learning. A systematic variation of proprioceptive, tactile, visual, and EMG feedback was used. In addition to peripheral measurements such as the voluntary range of motion and EMG output during training, a three-channel EEG was recorded over Cz, C3, and C4. The movement-related brain potential during distinct periods of the training was analyzed as a central nervous parameter of the ongoing learning process. In experiment I, we randomized four groups of 12 subjects each (group P: proprioceptive feedback; group PT: proprioceptive and tactile feedback; group PTV: proprioceptive, tactile, and visual feedback; group PTEMG: proprioceptive, tactile, and EMG feedback). Best training results were reported from the PTEMG and PTV groups. The movement-preceding cortical activity, in the form of the amplitude of the readiness potential at the time of EMG onset, was greatest in these two groups. Results of experiment II revealed a similar effect, with a greater training success and a higher electrocortical activation under additional EMG feedback compared to proprioceptive feedback alone. Sensory EMG feedback as evaluated by peripheral and central nervous measurements appears to be useful in motor training and neuromuscular re-education.

scholarly journals An Investigation of the Ward Leonard System for Use in a Hybrid or Electric Passenger Vehicle

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cody L. Telford ◽  
Robert H. Todd
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Control Factor ◽  
Operating Voltage ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Passenger Vehicle ◽  
Ac Motors ◽  
Design Alternatives ◽  
Battery Packs ◽  
Electronic Controller

Since the early 1900’s demand for fuel efficient vehicles has motivated the development of electric and hybrid electric vehicles. Unfortunately, some components used in these vehicles are expensive and complex. Todays consumer electric vehicles use dangerously high voltage, expensive electronic controllers, complex battery management systems and AC motors. The goal of this research at BYU is to increase safety by lowering the operating voltage and decrease cost by eliminating expensive controllers and decrease the number of battery cells. This paper specifically examines the use of a Ward Leonard Motor Control system for use in a passenger vehicle. The Ward Leonard System provides an alternative control method to expensive and complex systems used today. A Control Factor metric was developed as a result of this research to measure the Ward Leonard System’s ability to reduce the size and cost of the electronic controller for application in an EV or HEV. A bench top model of the Ward Leonard system was tested validating the Control Factor metric. The Ward Leonard system is capable of reducing the controller size by 77% and potentially reducing its cost by this amount or more. This work also provides performance characteristics for automotive designers and offers several design alternatives for EV and HEV architectures allowing a reduction in voltage, the use of AC inverters, AC motors, expensive controllers and high cell count battery packs.

An Online Rolling Dispatch Optimization Strategy for the Access of Intermittent New Energy

2014 ◽  
Vol 672-674 ◽  
pp. 190-194
Author(s):  
Jian Bo Wang ◽  
Wen Ying Liu ◽  
Wei Zhou Wang ◽  
Fu Chao Liu ◽  
Xi Wei Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Predictive Control ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Hierarchical Control ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Industrial Control ◽  
Power Dispatch ◽  
New Energy

For the volatility and intermittency of intermittent new energy like wind power, traditional dispatch model and technology are severely challenged. According to the characteristics that the prediction accuracy of wind power increases as time scale increases, this paper presents a multi-time scale active power dispatch model based on the traditional dispatch model, and proposes an active power dispatch hierarchical predicting control method on the base of model predictive control and multilevel hierarchical control during industrial control course. Finally, it gets the online rolling dispatch model and strategy for the access of intermittent energy.

scholarly journals Evaluation of thin, flexible sensors for time-resolved grip force measurement

2007 ◽  
Vol 221 (12) ◽  
pp. 1687-1699 ◽  
Author(s):  
E R Komi ◽  
J R Roberts ◽  
S J Rothberg
Keyword(s):  
Shear Force ◽  
Grip Force ◽  
Force Measurement ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Force Sensor ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Flexible Sensors ◽  
Sensor Performance ◽  
Dynamic Accuracy

Three types of thin, flexible force sensor were studied under a variety of loading conditions to determine their suitability for measuring grip force. Static accuracy, hysteresis, repeatability, and drift errors were established, the effects of shear force and surface curvature were considered, and dynamic accuracy and drift were measured. Novel tests were developed to consider dynamic accuracy and sensitivity to shear loadings. Additionally, three sensors were evaluated in a real-life gripping scenario, measuring grip force during a golf shot. Comments are made on sensor performance, ease of use, and durability.

Study of the Impact of Emerging Technologies Across the Value Chain Function of Educational Technology (EdTech) Firms

2022 ◽  
pp. 221-237
Author(s):  
Som Sekhar Bhattacharyya ◽  
Ankita Walke ◽  
Yash Shah
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Content Creation ◽  
System A ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
The Impact

Narrative technology has been a prominent feature in educational value creation. Rapid penetration of internet and better digital infrastructure resulted in adoption of emerging technologies in education sector. As business of EdTech platforms soared up, the purpose of this research was to understand the impact of emerging technologies like big data analytics, cloud-based technologies, blockchain, machine learning, artificial intelligence, augmented reality, and virtual reality on various stages of EdTech value chain. This involved content creation, content distribution, and learning plus management system. A secondary data base case study analysis was carried out of EdTech firms in India. The value factors such as cost, accessibility, ease of use, and updated content came out as main attributes impacting acceptance of EdTech platforms. The mentioned emerging technologies impacted the content creation, delivery, evaluation, and feedback stages which resulted in improved performance across these value factors with lesser associated total costs.

Smart Prosthetic Hand with Object Slippage Detection, Measurement, and Control

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-48
Author(s):  
Girish Sriram ◽  
Alex Jensen ◽  
Steve C. Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Sensory Feedback ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Tactile Feedback ◽  
Human Hand ◽  
Computing Platform ◽  
Emg Signal ◽  
A New Technique

The human hand along with its fingers possess one of the highest numbers of nerve endings in the human body. It thus has the capacity for the richest tactile feedback for positioning capabilities. This article shares a new technique of controlling slippage. The sensing system used for the detection of slippage is a modified force sensing resistor (FSR®). The control system is a fuzzy logic control algorithm with multiple rules that is designed to be processed on a mobile handheld computing platform and integrated/working alongside a traditional Electromyography (EMG) or Electroencephalography (EEG) based control system used for determining position of the fingers. A 5 Degrees of Freedom (DOF) hand, was used to test the slippage control strategy in real time. First a reference EMG signal was used for getting the 5 DOF hand to grasp an object, using position control. Then a slip was introduced to see the slippage control strategy at work. The results based on the plain tactile sensory feedback and the modified sensory feedback are discussed.

scholarly journals Secondary Control for Storage Power Converters in Isolated Nanogrids to Allow Peer-to-Peer Power Sharing

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva González-Romera ◽  
Enrique Romero-Cadaval ◽  
Carlos Roncero-Clemente ◽  
Mercedes Ruiz-Cortés ◽  
Fermín Barrero-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Hierarchical Control ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Primary Control ◽  
Secondary Control ◽  
Control Loops ◽  
Energy Interchange

It is usual in literature that power sharing among grid-forming sources of an isolated microgrid obeys their energy rating, instead of economic agreements between stakeholders, and circulating energy among them is usually avoided. However, these energy interchanges make strong sense and classical power sharing methods must be reformulated in the context of prosumer-based microgrids. This paper proposes a secondary control method for a prosumer-based low-voltage nanogrid that allows for energy interchange between prosumers, where storage systems, together with PV generators, are the controllable grid-forming sources. A power flow technique adapted to islanded microgrids is used for secondary control algorithm and the whole hierarchical control strategy for the prosumer converter is simulated and validated. This hierarchical control consists of three stages: tertiary control plans the energy interchange among prosumers, secondary obtains different voltage and power setpoints for each of the grid-forming sources, and, finally, primary control guarantees stable voltage and frequency values within the nanogrid with droop rules. Inner control loops for the power converter are also defined to track setpoints and assure stable performance. Simulation tests are carried out, which prove the stability of the proposed methods and the accuracy of the setpoint tracking.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document