scholarly journals An Evaluation of the Reproductive and Developmental Effects of Tara Gum in Rats

1993 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph F. Borzelleca ◽  
John L. Egle
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Dietary Level ◽  
Developmental Effects ◽  
Reproduction Study ◽  
Teratogenic Potential ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
Mated Female

In a multigeneration reproduction study, tara gum or α-cellulose was administered to male and female Charles River CD rats as a dietary admixture at levels of 5% (50,000 ppm) through 3 successive generations. All matings consisted of 10 males and 20 females per group. All litters were maintained until they were at least 21 days old (end of lactation). Fertility was generally high, and there were no consistent, statistically significant, compound-related adverse effects on any of the parameters evaluated. It is concluded that tara gum, fed at a dietary level of 5% for 3 successive generations, did not adversely affect reproductive performance. In a study designed to assess embryotoxicity and teratogenicity, tara gum was administered as a dietary admixture to mated female rats at levels of 12,500,25,000, and 50,000 ppm from days 6 to 16 postcoitum. No deaths occurred and no compound-related signs or symptoms were observed. Necropsy findings were negative. Examination of fetuses yielded no evidence of embryonic and/or teratogenic potential of tara gum.

Multigeneration Reproduction Study of Lactitol in Rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.J. Sinkeldam ◽  
V.M.H. Hollanders ◽  
R.A. Woutersen ◽  
H.B.W.M. Koëter ◽  
A. Bär
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Reproduction Study ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
Similar Growth

Lactitol is a disaccharide sugar alcohol (polyol) which holds promise as a reduced calorie, noncariogenic sugar substitute. In a multigeneration reproduction study, lactitol was fed to Wistar-derived Cpb:WU rats of both sexes throughout three successive generations at dietary concentrations of 0, 2, 5, and 10%. A comparison group receiving a diet with 20% lactose was included during the F., generation. The initial mating comprised 20 male and 40 female rats per group. For subsequent matings, 10 males and 20 females were used. In each generation, two litters were reared until they were at least 3 weeks old. Fertility was uniformly high in all treatment groups throughout the study and the feeding of lactitol was not associated with any adverse effects on fertility and reproductive performance. However, growth rates and survival were slightly decreased in pups of the 10% lactitol group, except in F3 litters where no effect of lactitol on survival was seen. In the 20% lactose group of the F, generation, a similar growth retardation and decreased survival was seen. The second litter of third-generation rats (F3b) was subjected to gross and histopathological examination 4 weeks after weaning. F3b rats fed 5 or 10% lactitol showed cecal enlargement which was not associated with any morphological alterations and which is commonly seen in rodents fed polyols or slowly digestible carbohydrates. In some F3b males of all dosage groups, an opaque appearance of the liver cell cytoplasm was noted. However, this effect was not dose related and was not accompanied by any other hepatic changes in the lactitol groups. Since this phenomenon was not seen in older rats or after chronic administration of lactitol, it was considered to be a transient manifestation of an altered metabolism in young rats. All other histopathological findings were equally distributed between control and test animals, or occurred in one or a few rats only. It is concluded that lactitol administered in the diet to three successive generations of rats at levels up to 10%, has no adverse effects on reproductive performance in either sex. The slight developmental delay which occurred in some generations, has been observed earlier with other polyols and may be attributed to the poor digestibility of these compounds.

scholarly journals Hormonal profile and reproductive performance of male and female rabbits fed diets containing garlic bulb (Allium sativum) meal

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. U. Onyekwere ◽  
P. C. Jiwuba ◽  
K. U. Anukam ◽  
U. H. Ukpabi ◽  
U. E. Egu
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Dietary Level ◽  
Hormonal Profile ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Garlic Bulb ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

An experiment was conducted with 24 buck and 24 doe rabbits of about 5-8 months. The animals were fed diets containing garlic flour meal to determine the effect on the hormonal profile and reproductive performance of the rabbits. The 48 rabbits were separated according to their sexes (buck and doe) and divided into four treatment groups with four rabbits consequently replicated three times in a completely randomized design. Dietary levels of 0.0, 5.0, 10.0 and 15.0% of garlic flour meal were used to formulate the diet for rabbits. At the end of this trial, different parameters on hormonal profile and reproductive performance were determined. All the parameters of hormonal profile were significantly P<0.05) different thereby maintaining similar values except luteinizing hormone which had slight value fluctuation. The highest value of testosterone and progesterone were recorded in the diet containing 15.0% garlic flour meal. Similarly, the parameters on reproductive performance exhibited significant (P<0.05) difference. Partum weight and litter weight at birth showed a higher value as garlic meal was increased. The results of this study indicated that 15.0% dietary level of garlic flour meal proved acceptable for hormonal profile and reproductive performance of rabbit.

The effect of different proportions of protein and antibiotic in the diet on reproductive performance of indigenous pigs in Nigeria

1984 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. Ilori
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Reproductive Cycle ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Average Birth Weight ◽  
Dietary Level ◽  
Protein Levels

SummaryOne hundred and twelve indigenous gilts and sows were used in two trials to study the effects of strepcillin (a mixture of streptomycin and penicillin) at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 g/t feed in a basal 15% protein diet and strepcillin at 0, 25, and 50g/t feed in rations containing 12, 15 and 18% protein, on the reproductive performance of pigs.Reproductive performance in terms of sow net gain in weight through the reproductive cycle, average birth weight of live pigs per litter and number of pigs weaned per litter were significantly affected by antibiotic levels. The dietary level of 50 g antibiotic/t feed gave the highest reproductive performance though at higher levels no adverse effects on reproductive performance were obtained.Reproductive performance of pigs was significantly influenced by protein and antibiotic levels. A significant interaction between antibiotic and protein levels was obtained for weight loss in sows at parturition and lactation, net gain in weight through the reproductive cycle, total and live pigs farrowed per litter.

About substantiation of the national inventory of hazardous substances posing adverse developmental effects via lactation

2016 ◽  
pp. 2-12
Author(s):  
Kh. Kh. Khamidulina ◽  
E. V. Dorofeeva
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Female Sexual Function ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
National Inventory ◽  
Developmental Effects ◽  
Hazard Classification

The international hazard classification for chemical substances and mixtures affecting the reproductive system covers also adverse developmental effects via lactation, along with assessment of their adverse effects on the male and female sexual function and fertility. Toxicological characteristics are reported that present hazard to breastfed children and are regulated at the domestic and international levels.

A two-generation reproduction study to assess the effects of cows' milk on reproductive development in male and female rats

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 1106-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davaasambuu Ganmaa ◽  
Li-Qiang Qin ◽  
Pei-Yu Wang ◽  
Hideo Tezuka ◽  
Shoji Teramoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Reproduction Study

scholarly journals Studies of the Toxicological Potential of Tripeptides (L-Valyl-L-prolyl-L-proline and L-lsoleucyl-L-prolyl-L-proline): VI. Effects of Lactobacillus helveticus-fermented Milk Powder on Fertility and Reproductive Performance of Rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 61-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Kurosaki ◽  
Masafumi Maeno ◽  
John H. Mennear ◽  
Bruce K. Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Lactobacillus Helveticus ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats

The objective of these studies was to assess the effects of the tripeptides, L-valyl-L-prolyl-L-proline (VPP) and L-isoleucyl-L-prolyl-L-proline (IPP), on reproductive capabilities of male and female rats. The specific goals of the experiments were (1) to determine the effects of orally administered tripeptides on (a) fertility and reproductive behavior in both sexes of rats, (b) embryo-fetal development in pregnant rats, and (c) pre- and postnatal development of rats exposed to tripeptides in utero and during lactation; and (2) to estimate the no-observable-adverse-effect doses of tripeptides in maternal and fetal rats. During the conduct of these classical segment I, II, and III studies, the test material was powdered Lactobacillus helveticus-fermented milk (FM), which contains the tripeptides, VPP and IPP. FM (0, 500, 1000 or 2000 mg/kg body weight [BW]/day—equivalent to 0, 0.8, 1.6, or 3.3 mg/kg BW/day of VPP plus IPP) was administered to males by oral gavage from 4 weeks prior to mating until sacrifice, and to females from 2 weeks prior to mating through day 20 of lactation. Evaluative parameters included monitoring grossly observable clinical signs; food consumption and body weight gains; mating behavior and fertility indices of both sexes; implantation and maintenance of embryos; sex ratio of live pups ; fetal viability; incidences of external, visceral or skeletal variations; growth and behavioral development; as well as reproductive capabilities of Fi offspring exposed to FM during gestation and lactation. All animals were subjected to macroscopic examination at termination of their segment of the studies. Clinical signs, body weights, and food consumption were unaffected by administration of FM. During segment I, the test agent had no effect on estrus cycle, mating behavior, fertility index, or reproductive competence of either males or females. The results of segment II experiments revealed no effects of FM on postimplantation survival-loss, sex ratio or birth weights of live fetuses, and there was no evidence of treatment-associated developmental or teratological effects. During segment III, FM was without effect on pup viability, behavioral and sexual maturation, and reproductive capability of the F1 generation. Under the conditions of these experiments, the no-observable-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of FM on reproductive performance in male and female rats is greater than 2000 mg/kg BW/day, the equivalent of 3.3 mg/kg BW/day of VPP plus IPP.

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