DAMPAK SUBSITUSI IMPORT TERHADAP DEFISIT NERACA PERDAGANGAN: STUDI KASUS IMPOR KULIT INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Yulianto ◽  
Ario Seno Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
General Equilibrium ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Trade Balance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Leather Industry ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Net Export ◽  
Balance Deficit

An alternative strategy to reduce the trade balance deficit simultaneously to increase the net foreign exchange is the import-substitution for raw materials used to produce an export goods. This paper proposes an import substitution study on footwear products that have a dependency on imported raw materials by 70 percent, with the largest composition being leather raw materials by 67 percent. This paper analyzes the relationship between subsidies on the leather industry to leather import-substitution, multiplier effect to footwear sector, and Indonesia trade balance. Author make use of simulation the on Input-Output 2010 table and Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) Model. The simulation shows 100 billion subsidies on the leather sector, lead for the substitution-import of leather by 7,94 million rupiah, increase the net export foreign exchange by 1.1 billion rupiah of the footwear sector, and for overall, increase Indonesia trade balance deficit by 68 billion rupiah. Keywords: Computable General Equilibrium, footwear, leather, net foreign exchange, subsidy.ABSTRAK: Salah satu terobosan untuk mengurangi defisit neraca perdagangan dan meningkatkan nilai neto devisa ekspor adalah dengan substitusi impor bahan baku yang digunakan untuk memproduksi barang ekspor. Paper ini mengusulkan kajian substitusi impor pada produk alas kaki yang mempunyai ketergantungan bahan baku impornya sebesar 70 persen, dengan komposisi terbesar adalah bahan baku kulit sebesar 67 persen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dampak stimulus subsidi pada industri kulit terhadap subtitusi impor kulit, dukungan multiplier sektor kulit terhadap sektor alas kaki, serta terhadap devisa ekspor Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan simulasi model Computable General Equilibrium (CGE). Hasil simulasi menunjukkan stimulus subsidi sebesar 100 milyar rupiah pada sektor kulit memberikan substitusi bahan baku kulit sebesar 7,94 juta rupiah, menaikkan devisa ekspor sektor alas kaki sebesar 1.1 miliar rupiah, serta secara keseluruhan menambah defisit neraca berjalan Indonesia sebesar 68 miliar rupiah. Kata kunci: alas kaki, Computable General Equilibrium (CGE), devisa ekspor, kulit, subsidi.

scholarly journals POLA PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA-TIONGKOK

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Manat Rahim ◽  
Heppi Millia
Keyword(s):  
Trade Balance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Chinese Market ◽  
Stable Position ◽  
Oil Exports ◽  
Strong Position ◽  
Export Destination ◽  
Balance Deficit

Abstract: This study aimed to analyze the pattern of trade between Indonesia and China, the role of China as a market commodity exports, and as a supplier of imported commodities Indonesia. And identify commodities that include strong, stable and weak in entering the Chinese market. By using secondary data and descriptive quantitative analysis tools, this research generates; (1) The development of Indonesia's export destination is smaller than the development of China's imports from China, the trade balance deficit continues to expand, the intensity of the small trade and tends to decline. (2) The role of China in the larger Indonesian International trade, both as a market share of non-oil exports as well as suppliers of raw materials and capital goods. Even has shifted USA, EU, and Japan. (3) commodity exports has a strong position is; Nickel, coal, crabs, and plywood. While commodities are in a stable position is; Shrimp, palm oil, rubber, power tools, fruits, and copper and copper products have a stable position. Brown, Paper and paper products, as well as computers and computer parts in Chinese market. Keywords: Patterns of Trade, Indonesia, China Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola perdagangan Indonesia-Tiongkok, peran Tiongkok sebagai pasar komoditas ekspor, dan sebagai pemasok komoditas impor Indonesia. Serta mengidentifikasi komoditas yang termasuk kuat, stabil dan lemah dalam memasuki pasar Tiongkok. Dengan menggunakan data sekunder dan alat analisis kuantitatif deskriptif, penelitian ini menghasilkan; (1)  Perkembangan ekspor Indonesia tujuan Tiongkok lebih kecil dari perkembangan impor asal Tiongkok, neraca perdagangan defisit makin membesar, intensitas perdagangan kecil dari satu dan cendrung menurun.(2) Peran Tiongkok  dalam perdagangan Internasional Indonesia semakin besar, baik sebagai pangsa pasar ekspor non migas maupun sebagai pemasok bahan baku dan barang modal. Bahkan telah menggeser posisi USA, Uni Eropa, dan Jepang . (3) Komoditas ekspor yang mempunyai posisi kuat adalah; Nikel, batu bara, kepiting, dan kayu lapis.  Sedangkan komoditas yang berada pada posisi stabil adalah; Udang, minyak sawit, karet,  alat-alat listrik, buah-buahan, dan tembaga serta produk dari tembaga mempunyai posisi stabil. Coklat, Kertas dan barang dari kertas, serta komputer beserta bagiannya di pasar Tiongkok. Kata Kunci: Pola Perdagangan, Indonesia, Tiongkok

scholarly journals DAMPAK PEMBERLAKUAN BEA KELUAR TERHADAP KINERJA EKSPOR SEKTOR KELAUTAN DAN PERIKANAN INDONESIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Estu Sri Luhur ◽  
Tajerin Tajerin
Keyword(s):  
General Equilibrium ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Cge Models ◽  
Primary Products ◽  
Fishery Products ◽  
The Impact

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara eksportir produk perikanan terbesar di dunia dengan komoditas unggulan udang, tuna, dan rumput laut. Namun, komoditas ekspor Indonesia masih didominasi oleh produk primer berupa bahan mentah sehingga nilai ekspor masih rendah. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak pemberlakuan bea keluar terhadap produk primer perikanan terhadap kinerja ekspor sektor kelautan dan perikanan sebagai salah satu cara mengatasi permasalahan tersebut. Kajian ini menggunakan data sekunder dengan mengambil Tabel I-O tahun 2008 yang kemudian disusun dalam bentuk computable general equilibrium (CGE) dengan menggunakan model Orani-G. Komoditas yang dianalisis adalah ikan TTC, ikan tangkap lainnya, patin, kerapu, rumput laut, budidaya lainnya, udang, ikan kering dan ikan olahan. Kajian ini menggunakan simulasi dengan tiga skenario pemberlakuan bea keluar, yaitu 7,5% (sim-1), 15% (sim-2), dan 22,5% (sim-3). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa skenario 3, yaitu pemberlakuan tarif bea keluar 22,5% memberikan dampak terbesar terhadap kinerja makroekonomi di antaranya  peningkatan GDP 0,01% dan konsumsi rumah tangga sebesar 0,046%. Dampak terhadap kinerja sektoral: 1) output dan nilai tambah produk primer perikanan mengalami penurunan terbesar pada ikan TTC sebesar 0,68%, sedangkan output dan nilai tambah produk olahan perikanan mengalami peningkatan terbesar pada ikan olahan sebesar 0,72%; 2)  ekspor produk primer perikanan mengalami penurunan terbesar pada udang sebesar 35,81%, sedangkan ekspor produk olahan perikanan mengalami peningkatan terbesar pada ikan olahan sebesar 2,41%; 3) impor produk primer perikanan produk olahan perikanan mengalami penurunan terbesar pada udang sebesar 23,09%.Title: Impacts of Export Duties to Marine and Fisheries Sector’s Export PerformanceIndonesia has one of the largest exporters of fisheries products in the world with leading commodity shrimp, tuna and seaweed. However, Indonesia's exports are still dominated by primary products such as raw materials so that the value of exports is still low. On the other hand, the development of fishery processing industry in the country is still plagued by a lack of supply of raw materials so that to this day processing industry relies heavily on imported products. This paper aims to analyze the impact of the imposition of export duties on primary products of fisheries on the export performance of marine and fisheries sector as one way of addressing the issue. This study uses secondary data by taking the 2008 IO table is then compiled in the form of Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models using Orani-G. Commodities are analyzed TTC fish, catch more fish, catfish, grouper, sea grass, other farming, shrimp, dried fish and fish preparations. This study uses three scenarios simulated with the imposition of export duties, ie 7.5% (sim-1), 15% (sim-2), and 22.5% (sim-3). The results show that the impact of the imposition of export duties on macroeconomic performance including 0.01% increase in GDP and household consumption amounted to 0.046%. Impact on sectoral performance: 1) output and value added fishery primary products experienced the largest decline in fish TTC 0.68%, while the output and value added processed fishery products experienced the largest increase in fish preparations of 0.72%; 2) export of primary products fishery experienced the largest decline in shrimp by 35.81%, while exports of processed fishery products experienced the largest increase in fish processed by 2.41%; 3) imports of primary products fishery processed fishery products experienced the largest decline in shrimp at 23.09%.

SIFAT MEKANIK PAPAN GYPSUM DARI SERBUK LIMBAH KAYU NON KOMERSIAL

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Saibatul Hamdi
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Wood Particle ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Gypsum Board ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Wood Particles ◽  
Sawn Timber ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Artocarpus Elasticus ◽  
Ficus Glomerata

The purpose of this research is to know the mechanical strength of gypsum board by utilizing waste sawn wood. Raw materials used consist of flour, gypsum,wood particles, boraks and kambang (Goniothalamus sp), wood tarap (Artocarpus elasticus REINW) and lua (Ficus glomerata ROXB). Wood particle 40 mesh and 60 mesh, concentrations boraks of 1 and 2 and the percentage particles of gypsum sawn timber is 300, 400 and 500%. The results showed that the average value Modulus of Rufture (MoR) in lua wood ranges from 12.55 – 14,47 kgcm2, wood kambang 25.10-31,11 kgcm2 and wood tarap 19.20- 24,18 kgcm2. As for Modulus of Elasticity (MoE) on the lua 1129,80- 2092,70 kgcm2, wood kambang 2512,37-3971,32 kgcm2 and tarap 2050,63-2691,09 kgcm2. Gypsum board are mechanical properties do not meet quality standards created SNI 03-6434-2000.Keywords: sawdust, lua, kambang, tarap, gypsum, mechanical

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document