Therapeutic Efficacy of Ficus Glomerata Leaves in Alloxan Monohydrate Induced Type-1 Diabetes in Albino Rats

Present study was aimed to evaluate the anti-diabetic efficacy of Ficus glomerata in Alloxan monohydrate induced albino rats. Oral administration of fresh Ficus glomerataleaves (2 - 4 g/day) for 60 days shows significant blood glucose lowering effect in experimental alloxan induced diabetic rats. These diabetic rats blood glucose level became normal when fed with Ficus glomerata leaves. It is amply revealed that fresh Ficus glomerata indica leaves possessed anti-diabetic properties. The results suggest that statistically significant anti-diabetic potential in alloxan monohydrate induced diabetic rats. The Ficus glomerata leaves to be almost similar effect like insulin treatment in alloxan monohydrate administered animal model. From the present investigation it appeared that Ficus glomerata leaves might have some ingredients to increase the output of insulin by binding to the receptors of the Beta cells of the Langerhans located in the pancreas. Once they bind to the Sulphonyl urea receptors, the K+ -ATP channels are probably closed and therefore the membrane is depolarized and insulin production is stimulated.

KHẢO SÁT HOẠT TÍNH KHÁNG ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG VÀ BẮT GỐC TỰ DO CỦA LÁ SUNG (FICUS GLOMERATA), LÁ DỨA (PANDANUS AMARYLLIFOLIA), VÀ LÁ SA KÊ (ARTOCARPUS ALTILIS)

Nhiều cây thuốc nam đã được biết đến và sử dụng từ xưa đến nay như là bài thuốc dân gian trong điều trị bệnh đái tháo đường. Trong nghiên cứu này, hoạt tính kháng đái tháo đường và bắt gốc tự do của cao chiết ethanol lá sung (Ficus glomerata), lá dứa (Pandanus amaryllifolia), và lá sa kê (Artocarpus altilis) được khảo sát. Hoạt tính ức chế enzym alpha-amylase được khảo sát bằng phương pháp dinitrosalicylic axit. Mức độ hấp thu glucose được thực hiện trên mô hình tế bào gan LO-2. Hoạt tính bắt gốc tự do được thực hiện thông qua phương pháp DPPH. Hoạt tính gây độc tế bào của cao chiết được khảo sát bằng phương pháp MTT. Kết quả khảo sát đã chứng minh rằng cao chiết ethanol lá sung, lá dứa, và lá sa kê đều có thể ức chế hoạt động của enzym thủy phân tinh bột alpha-amylase với các giá trị IC50 lần lượt là 285, 159, và 135 µg/ml. Thêm vào đó, các dược liệu này còn làm tăng mức độ hấp thu glucose vào trong tế bào gan LO-2 từ 115% (lá sung) đến 143% (lá dứa và lá sa kê) tại nồng độ xử lí 100 µg/ml. Ngoài ra, hoạt tính bắt gốc tự do DPPH của cao chiết ethanol lá sung, lá dứa, và lá sa kê còn thể hiện ở các giá trị IC50 lần lượt là 198, 221, và 134 µg/ml. Đặc biệt, các dược liệu không gây độc đáng kể trên dòng tế bào gan LO-2 tại nồng độ 100 µg/ml. Kết quả thí nghiệm đã cho thấy rằng, lá sa kê thể hiện hoạt tính tốt nhất so với hai dược liệu còn lại. Điều đó mang lại tiềm năng ứng dụng của lá sa kê trong phòng và hỗ trợ điều trị đái tháo đường.

Antidiabetic Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Ficus glomerata (L.) Roots

Background: Ficus glomerata (F. glomerata) Linn. Family Moraceace is a large tree found all over India including outer Himalayan ranges, Punjab, Chota Nagpur, Bihar, Orissa, West Bengal, Rajasthan, Deccan and also as a common plant in South India. It is planted around the home and temples. It is cultivated throughout the year, distributed in evergreen forests and moist localities. Objective: The Ethanolic Extract of roots of F. Glomerata (EEFG) belonging to the family Moraceace, was investigated for its antidiabetic activity using alloxan induced diabetic rats. Methods: Thirty rats were divided into 5 groups having 6 rats in each group. The alloxan was administered to the rats of all groups except normal control group through intraperitoneal route at a concentration of 140mg/kg body weight. A dose of 100mg/kg and 200 mg/kg body weight of EEFG was administered to alloxan induced diabetic rats. The administration of the extract was lasted for 11 days. Effectiveness of the extract on glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and high density lipoprotein and protein concentrations was analyzed. Results: Significant (p<0.05) reduction in the levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride of the diabetic rats was observed after treatment with ethanolic extract. After subjecting to oral glucose tolerance test EEFG also showed significant improvement in glucose tolerance. Conclusion: F. glomerata root ethanolic extract showed that it possesses antidiabetic effect and can be found useful for the management of diabetes mellitus.

Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical and Antioxidant Studies of Indigenous Medicinal Plant

Background: Ficus glomerata Roxb. is a moderate-sized avenue tree distributed throughout India both as wild or cultivated. It is traditionally used in various traditional systems of medicine including Ayurveda, Siddha and Homoeopathy. In these indigenous systems of medicine, different parts of the plant Ficus glomerata are commonly used for the treatment of dysentery, diarrhea, diabetes, bilious affections, stomachache, menorrhage, haemoptysis and also as a carminative and astringent. Objective: The current investigation deals with detail pharmacognostical studies on roots of Ficus racemosa mainly focusing the morphological, macroscopical analysis, prelimilnary examinations of root powder and florescence analysis. Methods: Physicochemical constants of roots of Ficus glomerata were estimated as per official guidelines. Results: Significant in vitro antioxidant activity was observed for alcoholic root extract of Ficus glomerata. The alcoholic extract and aqueous extract show the presence of tannins and saponins as major constituents. Remaining constituents were found to be carbohydrate, glycosides, phenolic compounds, gum and mucilage. Conclusion: Ficus glomerata possess significant antioxidant activities.

Extraction and processing of Bast fibres from Ficus glomerata- A new source for non- conventional fibres

The increasing global preference towards the natural products rather than synthetic products has increased the attraction of tourists to the local markets. Ficus glomerata fibres is one of the suitable source as raw material for making natural products like carrier bags, baskets, belts and some handicraft items. Fibres from F. glomerata stems were extracted by using water retting method. After retting, the fibres were scoured using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) for making them suitable to form the different produucts from the processed fibres such as yarn, nonwoven, woven and knitted fabrics. Scouring conditions such as chemical concentration and processing time were evaluated on the basis of physical properties of fibres such as tenacity, elongation and fineness. The optimization results obtained from testing of physical properties of fibres shows that, the 3% concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and 60 minutes processing time was found promising for the treatment of fibres. The improvement in F. glomerata fibres through proper processing can yield value added fibres and thus can enhance the potential utility of these fibres in diversified sectors. So, the F. glomaerata fibres has a potential to provide an important role in making space for natural fibre products in the outside market.