Classification of boreal forests in the North of European Russia. I. Oligotrophic coniferous forests

2007 ◽  
pp. 61-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Morozova ◽  
L. B. Zaugolnova ◽  
L. G. Isaeva ◽  
V. A. Kostina
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
North West ◽  
The North

Results of a syntaxonomical study of the oligotrophic forests of northern European Russia are presented. The main forest types have been classified into 2 orders of the class Vaccinio-Piceetea, 4 alliances, 6 associations and 1 community. The new alliance Empetro-Piceion all. nov., which includes zonal spruce and birch northern forest association Empetro-Piceetum, has been established. These communities are formed according to cold temperature and high (sometimes temporarily) soil moisture and are characterized by the lower tree canopy, mosaic herb and moss-lichen layers with boreal mosses, sphagnum and lichens. In the middle taiga subzone these communities are replaced by Eu-Piceetum myrtilletosum. The forests with lichens are referred to order Cladonio-Vaccinietalia and divided into 4 associations. Lichen pine forests of the north-west of boreal zone were described as ass. Flavocetrario nivalis—Pinetum ass. nov. This association with a great number of lichens is differentiated by Cladonia arbuscula subsp. mitis, Flavocetraria nivalis, Cetraria ericetorum, Stereocaulon grande, Dicranum fuscescens, D. drummondii, Nephroma arcticum and species of Cladonia. The ass. Cadonio arbusculae—Pinetum (Caj. 1921) K.-Lund 1967 contains lichen pine forests with lower number of lichens and is distributed mostly in middle part of the taiga zone. The spruce-pine forests with mixed moss-lichen cover correspond to ass. Vaccinio-Pinetum. Ass. Hedysaro-Laricetum represents rich and well differentiated larch forests in the east of European Russia.

scholarly journals Meadows and pastures in the agricultural landscapes of the Karelian province of the Middle Taiga zone of the North-West of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 901 (1) ◽  
pp. 012037
Author(s):  
I A Trofimov ◽  
L S Trofimova ◽  
E P Yakovleva ◽  
D M Teberdiev ◽  
A A Kutuzova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
North West ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
The North ◽  
Mixed Grass

Abstract In order to take into account the territorial differences of natural and economic conditions, to identify biological and ecological patterns, the agro-landscape and ecological zoning of natural forage lands (NFL) of the North-Western natural and economic region of the Russian Federation has been developed. The Karelian province occupies 23% of the area in the north of the Leningrad region, bordering Karelia and Finland. The Karelian province is located in the western part of the Middle Taiga zone, which is characterized by Eastern European Middle Taiga plains. Most of the area of the province (65%) is covered by forests. Agricultural land occupies only 4% of the total area of the province. Including arable land – 2%, hayfields and pastures – 1% each. The territory of the province is significantly moistened and swampy. Swamps occupy 11% of the area, under water – about 11%. Shrubs occupy 3% of the area of the province, other land – about 6%. The structure of NFL is dominated (53%) by normally moistened dry-grass grasslands on sod-podzolic soils. Fine-grained sweet-scented and finegrained grasslands with a large participation of various grasses are common. The yield of hay is 9–13 c/ha, feed is 70 c/ha. Grass-mixed grass and grass-sedge-mixed grass lowland and swampy meadows on swamp-podzolic soils occupy 44%. Grass stands with the dominance of the sod pike are common. Swampy depressions are occupied by large-seeded grass stands. The yield of hay is 10–15 c/ha, feed is 9–11 c/ha. The ecological state of the province’s landscapes is satisfactory-tense.

scholarly journals New localities of rare for the Arkhangelsk region speciesin the Lyamitsky landscape of the Onega peninsula

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-442
Author(s):  
Oleg Morozov ◽  
Olga Markova
Keyword(s):  
Rare Species ◽  
Northern Taiga ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
North West ◽  
Arkhangelsk Region ◽  
The North ◽  
New Localities ◽  
Living Organisms

The Onega Peninsula is located in the north-west of Russia in the Arkhangelsk Region, juts out into the White Sea, is located in an area of a transitional climate from an oceanic to a continental temperate climatic zone, belongs to the central sector of the northern taiga zone. The flora and fauna of the peninsula are very diverse. A significant part of natural complexes is highly preserved and is ideal for biosphere monitoring. In connection with intensive industrial logging on the peninsula, there is a need to identify rare species of living organisms and determine measures for their protection. The article provides data on the finds of habitats of 11 rare species discovered by the author during field routes along the Lyamitsky landscape in the period from 2009 to 2020. Finds of 10 out of 11 species have not been previously published. In 2020, the state of a group of individuals of 1 of 11 species that had not yet formed a stable population was reexamined, the find of which was previously published. This species (derbyanka spikate) is new for the Arkhangelsk and all adjacent regions and needs to be entered into the Red Book of the Arkhangelsk Region, which includes the remaining 10 species. 4 species of them are also included in the Red Book of the Russian Federation. The finds of the species belong to the lands of different purposes: to the forbidden zone of forests and to the lands of the forest fund leased by a logging company. The article discusses the number of discovered species and such a limiting factor as logging. The assessment of the feasibility of measures for the protection of species has been carried out. It was revealed that some of them (splachnums) increase in number due to felling, the number of others is not threatened by felling (common viper, etc.), to preserve the number of the third, special protection measures are required (pulmonary lobaria, truncated horn, etc.). The information obtained is processed cartographically using geoinformation technologies and can be used to replenish the database of the Red Book species and to organize their protection.

scholarly journals Applicability of international indicators of land degradation neutrality estimation for Russian boreal forests

2019 ◽  
Vol 489 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-198
Author(s):  
A. V. Ptichnikov ◽  
D. V. Karelin ◽  
V. M. Kotlyakov ◽  
Y. A. Pautov ◽  
A. Y. Borovlev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Degradation ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Carbon Balance ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Land Productivity ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Different Types

In this paper, we analyze applicability of Land degradation neutrality (LDN) concept of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification for Russian boreal forests. In this regard, it is necessary to adapt the three global LDN indicators (land cover, land productivity, and carbon stocks) to the assessment of land degradation processes of boreal forests in Russia and around the world. The proposed study concludes that landscapes with different types of forest restoration dynamics can be viewed as the object in forest land dynamic studies. The proposed research also suggests the set of LDN indicators adapted for boreal forests conditions. In order to assess LDN proxies we calculated the retrospective and projected net carbon balance in the middle taiga zone of Noshulskoye forest domain (Komi Republic, Russia) using the CBM CFS model. Here we explored 3 scenarios of forest net carbon balance under the three different felling regimes. It was shown that the net carbon balance cannot be applied as an independent LDN indicator, since it does not take into account changes in species diversity and primary productivity. We also suggest that industrial felling should imitate natural types of restoration dynamics in order to achieve LDN targets. It can be reached through minimization of forest felling at sites with fireless types of succession, which accumulate maximum stocks of dead phytomass matter and serve as forest refuges supporting biodiversity.

(A review) B. Yu. Teteryuk. Flora and vegetation of ancient lakes at the European North-East of Russia. St. Petersburg: Nauka, 2012. 237 p.

2013 ◽  
pp. 135-137
Author(s):  
N. V. Matveyeva
Keyword(s):  
European Russia ◽  
Western Slope ◽  
Ancient Lakes ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Glacial Lakes ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
European North

In the monograph by B. J. Teteruk summarizes information about the flora and vegetation of 3 lakes in the Yamozero, Sindor and Donty along the Western slope of the Timan ridge in the North-East of European Russia in the taiga zone and are relics of glacial lakes.

scholarly journals Status and conservation of Imperial and Red-necked Parrots Amazona imperalis and A. arausiaca on Dominica

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter G. H. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Conservation Education ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Northern Forest ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Nesting Sites ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Parrot Species

SummaryPopulations of both Imperial and Red-necked Parrots on Dominica have declined during the present century with substantial contractions in range, particularly from the southern portion of the island. Parrot densities may be relatively low anyway due to the effects of centuries of hunting. However, declines have been accelerated by habitat destruction and loss of food plants and nesting sites as a result of both human encroachment on the forest and damage caused by Hurricanes David and Allen in 1979 and 1980 respectively. The hunting of birds for meat and for the live cage-bird trade were important threats in the past but conservation education programmes over the last 10 years, and enforcement of legislation prohibiting those activities, have greatly reduced these pressures. Ten years after the debilitating effects of the two hurricanes, the populations of both parrot species (but particularly Red-necks) are showing signs of recovery. Present estimates (May 1990) are of c.80 Imperial Parrots and c.300 Red-necked Parrots in the wild. The major threat to both parrot species is presently habitat destruction, with forested areas being cleared at an accelerating rate for the planting of tree crops, particularly bananas. This process has been aided by recent development programmes towards the building and improvement of feeder roads, making previously remote areas much more accessible. The need for the north-west portion of the Northern Forest Reserve (which includes the entire Morne Diablotin massif) to be declared a national park is ever more critical if the two parrot species are to survive in the long term.

scholarly journals Distribution and Diversity of Beauveria in Boreal Forests of Northern European Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1409
Author(s):  
Igor A. Kazartsev ◽  
Georgy R. Lednev
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Random Distribution ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Northern Areas ◽  
Northern European Russia ◽  
Long Term Survey

The distribution and genetic diversity of 91 of Beauveria isolates collected during a long-term survey in boreal forests of northern European Russia was studied. Based on morphological and sequence analysis of TEF and Bloc loci, three Beauveria spp. were identified: B. pseudobassiana, B. bassiana, and B. caledonica, with abundance of 81, 11, and 8%, respectively. Through multilocus sequencing, four haplotypes of B. bassiana and two haplotypes of B. caledonica were detected. Twelve haplotypes of B. pseudobassiana with non-random distribution were identified. Two haplotypes of B. pseudobassiana were the most abundant and widespread occurring across the whole study area, whereas others tended to be more specific to either the north or south of the study area, indicating the presence of different subpopulations. For further analysis of these putative subpopulations, southern and northern areas were separated along the boundary of the Köppen–Geiger climate zones (dfb and dfc), and the genetic structure was examined by analysis of molecular variance and spatial autocorrelation. Molecular evidence of intraspecific recombination of B. pseudobassiana and B. bassiana across northern European Russia area was indicated.

scholarly journals Areas of syntaxons of bog vegetation in the taiga zone of European Russia and the influence of the orographic factor on them

2019 ◽  
pp. 160-164
Author(s):  
V. A. Smagin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
The North ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Eastern Edge ◽  
North Western

The aim of the article is to review the geographical distribution of the main types of plant communities of mires of the boreal zone of European Russia, and to assess the impact of the orographic factor on it. The review made on the materials of 40-year study of mires vegetation of European Russia. It was found that the main botanical and geographical boundaries within the taiga zone of European Russia pass through the subzones of the northern and southern taiga, the Eastern edge of Fennoscandia and the coastal part of the North-Western region.

Photosynthesis in a widespread and important sub-Arctic moss and lichens species in pine ecosystems of the ZOTTO tower footprint area

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daria Polosukhina ◽  
Oxana Masyagina ◽  
Anatoly Prokushkin
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Ground Floor ◽  
June July

<p>In boreal forests, bryophytes and lichens usually dominate the ground floor layer and contribute up to 50% of ecosystem gross CO<sub>2</sub> exchange (Bisbee et al. 2001; Goulden & Crill 1997). Sphagnum spp. are the most important contributors in wetland C uptake, and feathermosses and lichens play a significant role in well-drained sites (Nilsson & Wardle 2005; O’Connell et al. 2003; Jarle W. Bjerke et al. 2013). Given their important ecological roles in such a widespread biome, it is surprising that still a few studies have attempted to understand the intrinsic factors that control moss-lichen cover carbon dynamics specifically under ongoing climate change in high latitudes.</p><p>The aim of this work was to determine the stocks of moss-lichen stratum and photoassimilation activity of its dominant species during the growing season. The study has been conducted in Central Siberia near Zotino tall tower observatory (ZOTTO, 60 ° N, 89 ° E) in lichen- and feathermoss-dominated pine forests. First, to assess the phyto (bio) mass stocks the grass-shrub and moss-lichen layers were sampled in 100 replicates in each type of forest from 20x25 cm subplots (S = 50 cm<sup>2</sup>). The intensity of CO<sub>2</sub> photoassimilation was determined in situ by Walz GFS-3000 (Heinz Walz GmbH, Effeltrich, Germany) infrared gas analyzer. Photosynthetic activity of lichens and feathermosses was measured during the growing season of 2018 in June, July, August and September around the mid-day time. For every time point we also analyzed CO<sub>2 </sub>exchange dependence from temperature, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and CO<sub>2</sub> concentration.</p><p>The dominants of ground vegetation for the moss-lichen layer were <em>Cladonia stellaris</em>, C<em>ladonia rangiferina</em>, <em>Cetraria islandica</em>, <em>Pleurozium schreberi</em>, <em>Hylocomium splendens</em>, <em>Aulacomnium palustre</em>. The moss-lichen layer accounted for 78-96% of the total phytomass of ground floor in studied pine forests and comparable (486 g/m<sup>2</sup>) to the photosynthetic phytomass of the tree canopy (pine needles). During the growing season, carbon assimilation by the moss-lichen layer varied in a relatively narrow range: from 38 ± 4 to 42 ± 5 mgCO<sub>2</sub> / m<sup>2</sup> / hour for lichen <em>C. stellaris</em> and from 93 ± 11 to 99 ± 13 mgCO<sub>2</sub> / m<sup>2</sup> / hour for moss <em>P. schreberi</em>. Thus, moss-lichen layer dominants maintained high photoassimilation activity throughout the growing season. Temperature increased the intensity of CO<sub>2</sub> assimilation and no inhibition was observed at maximum T used in our study (+40 ° C). There were no differences in the temperature dependence of CO<sub>2</sub> photoassimilation between feathermosses and lichens. However, they differed in dependence from PAR. Mosses showed 2-fold larger response of CO<sub>2</sub> assimilation intensity to increase of PAR comparatively to lichens. The rate of photosynthesis of both moss and lichen showed log growth with increasing CO<sub>2</sub> levels up to 2000 ppm. Compensation poit was varying from 170 to 284  ppm.</p><p>This study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research project  № 18-05-60203 "Landscape and hydrobiological controls on the transport of terrigenic carbon to the Arctic Ocean".</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document