scholarly journals Shifting the goalposts: postcolonial Africa and the West in the global 'two publics' of the development paradigm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiwo Olaiya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Economic Order ◽  
Development Studies ◽  
Global Development ◽  
Development Discourse ◽  
The West ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Postcolonial Africa ◽  
Development Paradigm ◽  
Constant Shift

<p>Heretofore, development studies seldom focus on the systemic twists of capitalism and the colonial past that contributed immensely to dislocate the African states as global financial competitors. The article engages the nagging reconstruction of Africa’s development discourse, in particular, the debate about the fallout of global development paradigm that created ‘two publics’ of the West and others. The global economic order metamorphosed from mutuality interface into subordinate-superordinate relations. The aberration negates the <i>freedom of the impoverished to trade </i>and, specifically, made economic transformation in post-colonial Africa forlornly challenging—not necessarily for being a poor player but for the constant shift in the goalposts.</p>

scholarly journals Shifting the goalposts: postcolonial Africa and the West in the global 'two publics' of the development paradigm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiwo Olaiya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Economic Order ◽  
Development Studies ◽  
Global Development ◽  
Development Discourse ◽  
The West ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Postcolonial Africa ◽  
Development Paradigm ◽  
Constant Shift

<p>Heretofore, development studies seldom focus on the systemic twists of capitalism and the colonial past that contributed immensely to dislocate the African states as global financial competitors. The article engages the nagging reconstruction of Africa’s development discourse, in particular, the debate about the fallout of global development paradigm that created ‘two publics’ of the West and others. The global economic order metamorphosed from mutuality interface into subordinate-superordinate relations. The aberration negates the <i>freedom of the impoverished to trade </i>and, specifically, made economic transformation in post-colonial Africa forlornly challenging—not necessarily for being a poor player but for the constant shift in the goalposts.</p>

The Dissemination of Development

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 577-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Power
Keyword(s):  
Focal Point ◽  
Writing Development ◽  
National Identities ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Development Discourse ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Postcolonial Africa

In this paper I consider the ways in which discourses of development enframe postcolonial Africa. The dissemination of development is discussed in three principal ways. First, constructions of national identities and of the nation-state and their dissemination through development discourse is considered. Second, the textual dissemination of meaning through the process of writing development is explored with specific reference to Hegel's writings on the principle of development. Third, the dissemination of historical and geographical worlds through discourses of development is considered with the continued durability of the idea of three worlds as the key focal point of discussion. I formulate an antidevelopment incite which attempts to disrupt the enframing of postcolonial Africa through ‘Western’ discourses of development. The paper concludes with a discussion of how the worlds of development have proven so persistent, and of the implications for a more radical ‘post-colonial’ development geography.

NENHUM “CHOQUE DAS CIVILIZAÇÕES”: UMA ANÁLISE DAS GEOGRAFIAS IMAGINATIVAS NA MÍDIA IMPRESSA ÁRABE APÓS OS ATENTADOS DE 11 DE SETEMBRO DE 2001

GEOgraphia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (41) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Shadia Husseini de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Print Media ◽  
Media Framing ◽  
Critical Geopolitics ◽  
Clash Of Civilizations ◽  
The West ◽  
Arab Media ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Imaginative Geographies ◽  
Il Y A

Resumo: Enquanto existem muitos estudos sobre a reprodução da teoria do “choque das civilizações” e do “mundo islâmico” como o “outro” do Ocidente em mídias ocidentais após os atentados de 11 de setembro de 2001, são extremamente escassos aqueles que analisam a presença dessa teoria nas mídias árabes. Quais são os discursos geopolíticos (re)produzidos nessas mídias com o objetivo de enquadrar e explicar os atentados? Qual é o papel da teoria do “choque das civilizações” e das representações do Ocidente que se manifestam nesse contexto? Este artigo procura responder essas perguntas a partir de uma perspectiva da geopolítica crítica, valendo-se do conceito de “geografias imaginativas”. Os principais jornais transnacionais árabes, al-Hayat, al-Quds al-Arabi e Asharq Al-Awsat, constituem o exemplo empírico. Este artigo mostra que a teoria do “choque das civilizações” – por sua vez duplamente assentada em regionalizações geográficas tradicionais e em uma construção binária entre Ocidente e mundo islâmico – é rejeitada nos jornais analisados. Em vez de se apoiar nessa teoria, os acontecimentos de 11 de setembro de 2001 e os atentados terroristas nos anos seguintes, bem como as geografias imaginativas do Ocidente reproduzidas nesse contexto, são enquadrados e formados por meio de um discurso multifacetado e profundamente pós-colonial. Palavras-chave: Geografias imaginativas. Geopolítica crítica. Mídia impressa árabe. Crítica pós-colonial. NO “CLASH OF CIVILIZATIONS”: AN ANALYSIS OF IMAGINATIVE GEOGRAPHIES IN ARAB PRINT MEDIA AFTER 9/11 Abstract: While many studies analyse the reproduction of the “clash of civilizations” theory and the “Islamic world” as the West’s “other” in Western media after 9/11, there are only few works dedicated to Arab media. What are the geopolitical discourses (re)produced in Arab media framing and explaining the attacks? What is the role of the “clash of civilizations” theory and the representations of the West in this context? This paper addresses these questions from the perspective of critical geopolitics using the concept of “imaginative geographies”. The transnational Arab newspapers al-Hayat, al-Quds al-Arabi e Asharq Al-Awsat serve as the empirical example. I argue that the theory of the “clash of civilizations” – which is based on traditional geographical regionalisations and a binary construction between the West and the Islamic world – is rejected in the analysed newspapers. Instead, 9/11 and other terrorist attacks in the subsequent years as well as the imaginative geographies of the West reproduced in this context are based on a multifaceted and profoundly post-colonial discourse. Keywords: Imaginative Geographies. Critical Geopolitics. Arab Print Media. Postcolonial Critique. AUCUN “CHOC DES CIVILISATIONS”: UNE ANALYSE DES GEOGRAPHIES IMAGINAIRES DANS LES MEDIAS ARABES IMPRIMES APRES LES ATTENTATS DU 11 SEPTEMBRE 2001 Resumé: Bien que de nombreuses études analysent la reproduction de la théorie du “choc des civilisations” et du “monde islamique” comme “l’autre” de l’Occident dans les médias occidentaux après les attentats du 11 septembre 2001, il y a peu de travaux consacrés aux médias arabes. Quels sont les discours géopolitiques (re)produits dans ces médias pour contextualiser et expliquer les attaques ? Quels sont les rôles de la théorie du “choc des civilisations” et de la représentation de l’Occident dans ce contexte ? Cet article tente de répondre à ces questions dans une perspective de géopolitique critique, en utilisant le concept de “géographies imaginaires”. Les principaux journaux transnationaux arabes, al-Hayat, al-Quds al-Arabi e Asharq Al-Awsat sont le matériau de l’enquête. Cet article montre que la théorie du “choc des civilisations” – elle-même basée sur les régionalisations géographiques traditionnelles et la construction opposant Occident et monde islamique – est rejetée dans les journaux analysés. Au lieu de cela, les événements du 11 septembre 2001 comme les attentats terroristes des années suivantes, ainsi que les géographies imaginaires de l’Occident reproduites dans ce contexte, sont façonnés par un discours à multiples facettes, profondément post-colonial. Mots-clés: Géographies Imaginaires. Géopolitique Critique. Médias Imprimés Arabes. Critique Postcoloniale.

scholarly journals China’s Belt and Road Initiative: Will it Make or Mar Development in the Central and West Africa Subregions?

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
William G. Dzekashu ◽  
Julius N. Anyu
Keyword(s):  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
The West ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Domestic Products

The West, chiefly Europe, left political footmarks in Africa from the Colonial Era, along with varying economic footprints and surviving engagements in the immediate Post-colonial Era. However, the relationships between Africa and her former colonial masters have hardly yielded much to the former following the wave of independence, leading to the perception of failed relationships. This perception of failure to deliver on their undertakings has left Africa with only one option—China. The latter has been addressing some of Africa’s urgent infrastructure needs in return for natural resources and agricultural products. These engagements on the surface appear to be good business, but on further examination seem questionable notably as it relates to debt distress on vulnerable economies. To increase her footprint within the continent, China extended her Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) to most African nations who have signed a memorandum of understanding for future development projects. Though the commitments usually are unspecified, China’s investments have seen rapid growth since the early 2000s, largely owing to the implementation of the BRI. The memoranda have had the potential to strengthen ties with partner nations. The expansion to include Africa in its economic participation in the BRI has left the West questioning China’s motives while reinforcing suspicions about possible future US-China conflict. The impact of BRI on the African continent is quite visible in all the subregions, especially in their improved gross domestic products. A burning question has been whether these partnerships represent win-win relationships for sustainable growth or debt-growth dynamics.

scholarly journals Colonial Policies and Post- Independence Development in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Obinna Nwodim ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
The Political ◽  
Dependency Theory ◽  
The West ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Colonial Policies ◽  
Indirect Rule

This paper argues that the British colonialists introduced indirect rule to deliberately slow down development in Nigeria and therefore examines how policies influenced the nature and character of socio-cultural and political activities in Nigeria, as well as made it dependent on the west for the sustenance of its economy. It adopts the Dependency Theory as theoretical framework. The study is qualitative and thus obtained secondary data from text books, journals, newspapers and magazines both online and offline, which were content analyzed and formed the basis of conclusion. It observed that the colonial masters had deliberate policies that negatively affected the post-colonial development of Nigeria. It recommended, amongst others, a comprehensive restructuring and overhaul of the political and economic structures that impede development, as well as the reawakening of the consciousness of Nigerians for veritable development.

scholarly journals CITRA EKSOTIK DALAM NOVEL RONGGENG DUKUH PARUK

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Abu Bakar Ramadhan Muhamad
Keyword(s):  
Power Relationship ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The West ◽  
Aesthetic Object ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
World Region ◽  
East Region ◽  
Rearrangement Process ◽  
Ambivalent Relationship ◽  
Material Conditions

Imaging of a discourse in the paradigm of postcolonialism is closely related to the issue of domination and subordination in terms of reference to imperialism or capitalization. The imagery is a project that develops special perceptions about "foreign" (East) regions. This project presupposes that the "foreign" (East) region is exotic "uncivilized" regions, standardized in a special "understanding", whose main purpose is to separate or dissolve it ("tame" the "foreign" region), so that different from or being "civilized". One area that is strongly embedded in this project is literature, with the novel as an aesthetic object. In connection with this issue, this article reveals how the East is presented in its exotic image, so how the image represents an ambivalent relationship between the East (colonized) and the West (invaders), especially in the Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk (RDP) novel by Ahamad Tohari.The results of the study show that the RDP novel is an urgent medium related to the conditions of postcoloniality. The postcoloniality is meant not only that the narrative that is displayed is the essence of what is obtained from the author about the exotic world region (the nature of Paruk dukuh) with all the signs attached to it, narration is also used as an affirmation of identity and historical existence, in the context of civilized culture. The culture in question is the source of identity that is championed as a filter and lifter, for the community that has been known and thought about, as an invitation for emancipation. Power and ability to tell stories, in this case, are used as weapons of the author in hopes of inspiring readers. The expected result is the hegemonic reader of the discourse displayed in the work of the author.In the post-colonial context, this method is inseparable from a combination where political and ideological power is interrelated, where the image represented is always still signifying the "emancipation" power relationship between the West and the East. However, like ideology, imaging must be realized other than as originating from and relating to material conditions and material effects, it is also a misrepresentation of reality and in its rearrangement process. Therefore, the potential, possibilities, and certain visions that follow, are full of content, values, or strategies for "mastering" (power). Especially in the Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk novel by Ahamad Tohari, exotic images give rise to ambivalent meanings for emancipation efforts (West to East).

State, Civil Society, and Market in India: The Context of Mobilization

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Oommen
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Economic Liberalization ◽  
The State ◽  
Theory Construction ◽  
The West ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Communal Life ◽  
Intergroup Conflicts

Western societies have accomplished relative autonomy of the state, civil society, and market. The current thrust of social transformation in post-colonial and post-socialist societies also point in the same direction. This article traces the trajectory of autonomization achieved and/or attempted in these societies, and identifies the implications of the processes involved for theory construction. It is argued that in the context of mobilizing for change, privileging either state, civil society, or market would be a rash prejudgment. The possessive individualism of the West articulated in its rapacious market mechanisms alienates individuals destroys communal life. With reference to India, I trace out how the current tendency of privileging civil society as the sole agency to reestablish democratic values in past socialist societies-and relegating the state to the background-may foment serious intergroup conflicts. The recently initiated process of economic liberalization in the part-colonial democratic societies often ignores that there is nothing much to chose between the behemoth of the market and the leviathan of a state. It is suggested that only an equipoise between the state, society and market can produce a 'good society."

A Cultural History of Objects in the Modern Age

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
New Materials ◽  
The West ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Everyday Objects ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

A Cultural History of Objects in the Modern Age covers the period 1900 to today, a time marked by massive global changes in production, transportation, and information-sharing in a post-colonial world. New materials and inventions – from plastics to the digital to biotechnology – have created unprecedented scales of disruption, shifting and blurring the categories and meanings of the object. If the 20th Century demonstrated that humans can be treated like things whilst things can become ever more human, where will the 21st Century take us? The 6 volume set of the Cultural History of Objects examines how objects have been created, used, interpreted and set loose in the world over the last 2500 years. Over this time, the West has developed particular attitudes to the material world, at the centre of which is the idea of the object. The themes covered in each volume are objecthood; technology; economic objects; everyday objects; art; architecture; bodily objects; object worlds.

Globalization Across the Disciplines: A Comparison of the Teaching of Globalization in Commerce and Global Development Studies at Queen’s University

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Langill
Keyword(s):  
Development Studies ◽  
Global Development ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Queen's University

It is often said that we are living in the "age of globalization." This research questions what is meant by this statement. The inquiry is divided into two areas of research. The first part is a review of the academic literature on globalization. Globalization was found to be a term used across a wide variety of disciplines. However, there is no consensus between the disciplines on what exactly the term encompasses. This led to the second area of research: Investigation of the teaching of globalization at Queen's University. For the scope of the research, undergraduate Commerce and Global Development Studies students were chosen. Students from either discipline filled out a survey on globalization and how it is taught at Queen'sUniversity. The results strongly indicated that the students in Commerce and Global Development Studies had very difference conceptions of globalization and were taught about it very differently. The larger implications for what the research findings suggest are discussed University and beyond, while also acknowledging the limitations of the scale of the research. The inquiry concludes with suggestions for moving forward, including further research and alterations to the teaching of globalization at Queen's.

GLOBALIZATION AND SOCIAL INEQUALITY IN NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
O.W. Adeleke ◽  
◽  
А.Т. Abzhaliyeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
State System ◽  
The West ◽  
Territorial Integrity ◽  
Market Economies ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
New States ◽  
Domestic Instability

Globalization creates social inequality and instability, it poses threat to sovereignty and territorial integrity not just in the post-colonial countries of Asia and Afrika, but also in the current Westphalia state system. Globalization often tacitly embolden demands for new states. Meanwhile, neo-liberalism that works in the well-established market economies in the West has failed to meet the target in the emerging markets of the developing economies. Although globalization comes with both enriching and impoverishing impacts, yet the impacts are known to be disruptive and contribute to domestic instability.

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