Making Space for Social Integration

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annick Janson ◽  
Melissa Janson
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
People With Disability ◽  
Specific Barriers

<p>This work tested an ‘Intentional invitation’ mechanism to facilitate social integration in a small scale setting. Working with community organisations to design inclusive environments, we identified and addressed specific barriers to social inclusion and designed a series of interventions to foster engagement, from early intervention to in-situ encounters during creative community pop-up events. Intentional invitations proved effective in facilitating the engagement of people with disability. This in turn allowed for authentic interactions between all participants to unfold in a community setting. </p> <p> </p> <p>Data collected via participant observation and interviews reveal new perspectives about disability and experiences of togetherness. Our aim was to facilitate engagement of people with disability as a channel for authentic contribution bringing potential societal gain within our communities. Findings point to possible changes in professional practice that would encompass intentional invitation mechanisms under the Keys to Citizenship (Duffy, 2015) framework. </p>

Making Space for Social Integration

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annick Janson ◽  
Melissa Janson
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
People With Disability ◽  
Specific Barriers

<p>This work tested an ‘Intentional invitation’ mechanism to facilitate social integration in a small scale setting. Working with community organisations to design inclusive environments, we identified and addressed specific barriers to social inclusion and designed a series of interventions to foster engagement, from early intervention to in-situ encounters during creative community pop-up events. Intentional invitations proved effective in facilitating the engagement of people with disability. This in turn allowed for authentic interactions between all participants to unfold in a community setting. </p> <p> </p> <p>Data collected via participant observation and interviews reveal new perspectives about disability and experiences of togetherness. Our aim was to facilitate engagement of people with disability as a channel for authentic contribution bringing potential societal gain within our communities. Findings point to possible changes in professional practice that would encompass intentional invitation mechanisms under the Keys to Citizenship (Duffy, 2015) framework. </p>

Patterns of Social Inclusion and Exclusion Among Youth Living in Stigmatized Neighborhoods

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana Espíndola Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Social Integration ◽  
Residential Segregation ◽  
Neighborhood Effects ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Urban Neighborhoods ◽  
High Poverty ◽  
Ethnographic Case Study ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Social

This chapter is an ethnographic case study of the social integration trajectories of youth living in two stigmatized and poor neighborhoods in Montevideo. It explains the linkages between residential segregation and social inclusion and exclusion patterns in unequal urban neighborhoods. Most empirical neighborhood research on the effects of residential segregation in contexts of high poverty and extreme stigmatization have focused on its negative effects. However, the real mechanisms and mediations influencing the so-called neighborhood effects of residential segregation are still not well understood. Scholars have yet to isolate specific neighborhood effects and their contribution to processes of social inclusion and exclusion. Focusing on the biographical experiences of youth in marginalized neighborhoods, this ethnography demonstrates the relevance of social mediations that modulate both positive and negative residential segregation effects.

scholarly journals Upscaling THM modeling from small-scale to full-scale in-situ experiments in the Callovo-Oxfordian claystone

2021 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 104582
Author(s):  
D.M. Seyedi ◽  
C. Plúa ◽  
M. Vitel ◽  
G. Armand ◽  
J. Rutqvist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Full Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
In Situ Experiments

scholarly journals Empirical Evidence for Professional Practice and Public Policies: An Exploratory Study on Social Exclusion in Users of Primary Care Social Services in Spain

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giménez‐Bertomeu ◽  
Domenech‐López ◽  
Mateo‐Pérez ◽  
de‐Alfonseti‐Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Life Trajectories ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The University

This study examines the social exclusion characteristics of a sample of users of primary care social services in two local entities in Spain. The objective of this study was to identify the intensity and scope of social exclusion in an exploratory way and to look at the typology of existing exclusionary situations to inform policy making and professional practice. Data from 1009 users were collected by primary care social services professionals, completing the Social Exclusion Scale of the University of Alicante (SES-UA). The dimensions with the greatest levels of social exclusion in the study population were those related to work/employment, income and education and training. The dimensions with an intermediate level of exclusion were those related to housing and social isolation. Social acceptance, family and social conflict and health were the dimensions with the lowest levels of exclusion. The analysis also showed the existence of five significantly different groups, that showed five different life trajectories along the continuum between social exclusion and social inclusion. The results show the importance and utility of developing professional and policy intervention protocols based on research evidence, with the objective of improving the quality of life of the users.

Coupled Thermo-Hydro-Geochemical Models of Engineered Barrier Systems: The Febex Project

2000 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Samper ◽  
R. Juncosa ◽  
V. Navarro ◽  
J. Delgado ◽  
L. Montenegro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
In Situ Test ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Engineered Barrier

ABSTRACTFEBEX (Full-scale Engineered Barrier EXperiment) is a demonstration and research project dealing with the bentonite engineered barrier designed for sealing and containment of waste in a high level radioactive waste repository (HLWR). It includes two main experiments: an situ full-scale test performed at Grimsel (GTS) and a mock-up test operating since February 1997 at CIEMAT facilities in Madrid (Spain) [1,2,3]. One of the objectives of FEBEX is the development and testing of conceptual and numerical models for the thermal, hydrodynamic, and geochemical (THG) processes expected to take place in engineered clay barriers. A significant improvement in coupled THG modeling of the clay barrier has been achieved both in terms of a better understanding of THG processes and more sophisticated THG computer codes. The ability of these models to reproduce the observed THG patterns in a wide range of THG conditions enhances the confidence in their prediction capabilities. Numerical THG models of heating and hydration experiments performed on small-scale lab cells provide excellent results for temperatures, water inflow and final water content in the cells [3]. Calculated concentrations at the end of the experiments reproduce most of the patterns of measured data. In general, the fit of concentrations of dissolved species is better than that of exchanged cations. These models were later used to simulate the evolution of the large-scale experiments (in situ and mock-up). Some thermo-hydrodynamic hypotheses and bentonite parameters were slightly revised during TH calibration of the mock-up test. The results of the reference model reproduce simultaneously the observed water inflows and bentonite temperatures and relative humidities. Although the model is highly sensitive to one-at-a-time variations in model parameters, the possibility of parameter combinations leading to similar fits cannot be precluded. The TH model of the “in situ” test is based on the same bentonite TH parameters and assumptions as for the “mock-up” test. Granite parameters were slightly modified during the calibration process in order to reproduce the observed thermal and hydrodynamic evolution. The reference model captures properly relative humidities and temperatures in the bentonite [3]. It also reproduces the observed spatial distribution of water pressures and temperatures in the granite. Once calibrated the TH aspects of the model, predictions of the THG evolution of both tests were performed. Data from the dismantling of the in situ test, which is planned for the summer of 2001, will provide a unique opportunity to test and validate current THG models of the EBS.

scholarly journals On the short-term variability of turbulence and temperature in the winter mesosphere

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 1099-1116
Author(s):  
Gerald A. Lehmacher ◽  
Miguel F. Larsen ◽  
Richard L. Collins ◽  
Aroh Barjatya ◽  
Boris Strelnikov
Keyword(s):  
Attitude Control ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Density Fluctuations ◽  
Large Temperature ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Temperature Structure ◽  
Wind Shears

Abstract. Four mesosphere–lower thermosphere temperature and turbulence profiles were obtained in situ within ∼30 min and over an area of about 100 by 100 km during a sounding rocket experiment conducted on 26 January 2015 at Poker Flat Research Range in Alaska. In this paper we examine the spatial and temporal variability of mesospheric turbulence in relationship to the static stability of the background atmosphere. Using active payload attitude control, neutral density fluctuations, a tracer for turbulence, were observed with very little interference from the payload spin motion, and with high precision (<0.01 %) at sub-meter resolution. The large-scale vertical temperature structure was very consistent between the four soundings. The mesosphere was almost isothermal, which means more stratified, between 60 and 80 km, and again between 88 and 95 km. The stratified regions adjoined quasi-adiabatic regions assumed to be well mixed. Additional evidence of vertical transport and convective activity comes from sodium densities and trimethyl aluminum trail development, respectively, which were both observed simultaneously with the in situ measurements. We found considerable kilometer-scale temperature variability with amplitudes of 20 K in the stratified region below 80 km. Several thin turbulent layers were embedded in this region, differing in width and altitude for each profile. Energy dissipation rates varied between 0.1 and 10 mW kg−1, which is typical for the winter mesosphere. Very little turbulence was observed above 82 km, consistent with very weak small-scale gravity wave activity in the upper mesosphere during the launch night. On the other hand, above the cold and prominent mesopause at 102 km, large temperature excursions of +40 to +70 K were observed. Simultaneous wind measurements revealed extreme wind shears near 108 km, and combined with the observed temperature gradient, isolated regions of unstable Richardson numbers (0<Ri<0.25) were detected in the lower thermosphere. The experiment was launched into a bright auroral arc under moderately disturbed conditions (Kp∼5).

scholarly journals Against Food Waste: CSR for the Social and Environmental Impact through a Network-Based Organizational Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Moggi ◽  
Sabrina Bonomi ◽  
Francesca Ricciardi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Farmers Markets ◽  
Longitudinal Case Study ◽  
Organizational Relationships ◽  
Farmers Market

This article inductively develops a model of how farmers market organizations can contribute to reduce food waste, fight poverty, and improve public health through innovative Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices enabled by networked activity systems. To this aim, a ten-year longitudinal case study of one of the biggest Italian farmers markets has been conducted, based on triangulated data from participant observation, interviews, and internal documents collection. This study suggests that farmers market organizations are in the position to leverage their inter-organizational relationships, institutional role, and power to build collaborative networks with businesses, government bodies, and charities, so that concrete CSR-based virtuous circles on surplus food donation are triggered at the organizational field level. Answering the call from United Nation Goals for successful examples on SDG 12, this case presents how several CSR levers can have a social and environmental impact allowing farmers and their market organizations to increase their efficiency and accountability to the local community, improve processes, reduce food waste, and contribute to public health and social inclusion. CSR actions have co-evolved with significant changes in organizational logics and identity, thus enabling accountability to the local community and innovative network-level auditing of the relevant organizational processes.

scholarly journals Microwave snow emission modeling uncertainties in boreal and subarctic environments

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 5719-5773
Author(s):  
A. Roy ◽  
A. Royer ◽  
O. St-Jean-Rondeau ◽  
B. Montpetit ◽  
G. Picard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Frozen Soil ◽  
Microwave Emission ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Radiometric Measurements ◽  
Snow Properties ◽  
Modeling Uncertainties

Abstract. This study aims to better understand and quantify the uncertainties in microwave snow emission models using the Dense Media Radiative Theory-Multilayer model (DMRT-ML) with in situ measurements of snow properties. We use surface-based radiometric measurements at 10.67, 19 and 37 GHz in boreal forest and subarctic environments and a new in situ dataset of measurements of snow properties (profiles of density, snow grain size and temperature, soil characterization and ice lens detection) acquired in the James Bay and Umijuaq regions of Northern Québec, Canada. A snow excavation experiment – where snow was removed from the ground to measure the microwave emission of bare frozen ground – shows that small-scale spatial variability in the emission of frozen soil is small. Hence, variability in the emission of frozen soil has a small effect on snow-covered brightness temperature (TB). Grain size and density measurement errors can explain the errors at 37 GHz, while the sensitivity of TB at 19 GHz to snow increases during the winter because of the snow grain growth that leads to scattering. Furthermore, the inclusion of observed ice lenses in DMRT-ML leads to significant improvements in the simulations at horizontal polarization (H-pol) for the three frequencies (up to 20 K of root mean square error). However, the representation of the spatial variability of TB remains poor at 10.67 and 19 GHz at H-pol given the spatial variability of ice lens characteristics and the difficulty in simulating snowpack stratigraphy related to the snow crust. The results also show that for ground-based radiometric measurements, forest emission reflected by the surface leads to TB underestimation of up to 40 K if neglected. We perform a comprehensive analysis of the components that contribute to the snow-covered microwave signal, which will help to develop DMRT-ML and to improve the required field measurements. The analysis shows that a better consideration of ice lenses and snow crusts is essential to improve TB simulations in boreal forest and subarctic environments.

scholarly journals A Case Study of Clear-Air Turbulence at Upper Levels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Léo Rogel ◽  
Didier Ricard ◽  
Eric Bazile ◽  
Irina Sandu
Keyword(s):  
Turbulent Flow ◽  
Partial Information ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Turbulent Fluxes ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mixing Length ◽  
Vertical Resolution ◽  
Stable Conditions ◽  
Study Results

&lt;p&gt;Because of the technical difficulties of achieving measurements at high altitudes, it is not clear how well turbulent phenomena are represented in the upper levels of current Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) operational models.&lt;br&gt;Indeed, turbulence in strongly stable conditions near the tropopause is known to be particularly difficult to correctly parameterize. The constraining buoyancy forces on the vertical lead to anisotropic turbulence, potentially inhibiting turbulent production in NWP models.&lt;br&gt;Partial information for high altitude turbulence events is nonetheless available in the form of in-situ measurements from aircrafts. However, it only allows for qualitative comparisons with model outputs.&lt;br&gt;This study focuses on a turbulent episode induced by a winter upper-level jet above east Belgium on January 27, 2018, for which in-situ EDR (Eddy Dissipation Rate) reports indicate moderate-or-greater turbulence levels. Numerical simulations are performed with the M&amp;#233;t&amp;#233;o-France operational model AROME, and with the mesoscale research model MesoNH (Laero/CNRM), at the same horizontal grid resolution (1.3km). These two models also use the eddy-diffusivity turbulence scheme of Cuxart et al (2000), a 1.5 order closure scheme based on a prognostic Turbulent Kinetic Energy (TKE) evolution equation, with a diagnostic computation of the mixing length.&lt;br&gt;TKE budgets, as well as stability indices and gradient-based quantities (Richardson number, vertical wind shear) are computed from the model outputs, and qualitative comparison with in-situ data is presented. Time evolution of the turbulent event over Belgium is well captured by both models, agreeing with EDR data.&lt;br&gt;Several sensitivity tests on the vertical resolution, on the mixing length formulation and on the parameters of the TKE equation are then performed. Most notably, the use of an increased vertical resolution near the tropopause greatly enhances the turbulent fluxes in both operational and research models. Secondly, comparison of various expressions of the mixing length shows that the Bougeault and Lacarrere (1989) formulation produces the higher amount of subgrid TKE and turbulent mixing. A decreased turbulent dissipation parameter also significantly increases the amount of subgrid TKE. On the contrary, the use of a 3D turbulence scheme appears to have very limited impacts on the turbulent flow at this kilometer-scale horizontal resolution.&lt;br&gt;On a second part of this study, results from ongoing Large Eddy Simulations (LES) will be presented. These simulations aim at representing small-scale features of the turbulent flow. They will be used as a reference for the computation of turbulent fluxes at kilometer-scale resolution using a coarse-graining method, allowing for a comparison with the parameterized fluxes from the turbulence scheme. In particular, the dissipation term of the TKE equation will be examined. These results are expected to give insight on the leading turbulent mechanisms for which the current turbulence parameterization can be improved in stable conditions.&lt;/p&gt;

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