Dekulakisation and resettlement of former kulaks to the north of European Russia: a historiographic aspect

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (04-1) ◽  
pp. 134-143
Author(s):  
Liudmila Lobchenko
Keyword(s):  
Class Struggle ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Soviet History ◽  
The North

The historiographic overview discusses academic views on dekulakisation and resettlement of former kulaks in different periods of Soviet history, from the 1930s to the 1990s. Special attention is paid to seminal academic works detailing various aspects of class struggle in the USSR and the ‘elimination of kulaks as a class’ as well as to the labour education and lives of former kulaks. The article cites facts accepted by most historians and details of collectivisation and its consequences. It also discusses points that remain controversial in the historical science to this day and provides alternative opinions from the course of Soviet history on dekulakisation and special settlements for former kulaks.

scholarly journals New records of lichens and allied fungi from the Leningrad Region, Russia. VII

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry E. Himelbrant ◽  
Irina S. Stepanchikova ◽  
Jurga Motiejūnaitė ◽  
Ludmila V. Gagarina ◽  
Alexandra V. Dyomina
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Lichenicolous Fungi ◽  
The North ◽  
Western European ◽  
First Time ◽  
North Western

Fourteen species of lichens, fifteen lichenicolous fungi and one saprobic fungus are reported for the first time for St. Petersburg, Western or Eastern Leningrad Region. The lichen Lecidella meiococca and the lichenicolous fungus Tremella phaeophysciae are reported as new to Russia, the lichen Lecania sambucina and the lichenicolous fungus Endococcus tricolorans are new for the European Russia, the lichens Buellia arborea, Chaenotheca cinerea, Bellemerea sanguinea, resinicolous calicioid fungus Chaenothecopsis mediarossica and lichenicolous fungi Arthonia molendoi, Lichenochora obscuroides, Pronectria leptaleae, Sphaerellothecium cladoniae are new for the North-Western European Russia. The most interesting records are briefly discussed. 

scholarly journals Pear adaptability and productivity in the north-eastern part of European Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
S.V. Firsova ◽  
◽  
A.P. Sofronov ◽  
A.A. Rusinov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Russia ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
North Eastern Part

scholarly journals New records of megachilid bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) from the North Caucasus and the south of European Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-331
Author(s):  
A.V. Fateryga ◽  
◽  
M.Yu. Proshchalykin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
European Part ◽  
European Russia ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
The Family ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
South Of European Russia

New data on 22 species of bees of the family Megachilidae from the North Caucasus and the south of European Russia are reported. Six species are new to Russia: Hoplitis curvipes (Morawitz, 1871), Osmia cinerea Warncke, 1988, O. ligurica Morawitz, 1868, O. cyanoxantha Pérez, 1879, Protosmia glutinosa (Giraud, 1871), and Coelioxys mielbergi Morawitz, 1880. Hoplitis turcestanica (Dalla Torre, 1896), sp. resurr. is treated as a distinct species, not a junior synonym of H. caularis (Morawitz, 1875). Megachile albocristata Smith, 1853 and M. alborufa Friese, 1911 are listed instead of previously recorded M. lefebvrei (Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1841) and M. pyrenaica (Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1841), respectively. Fourteen new regional records are reported: seven species are new to the North Caucasus, five ones are new to the south of European Russia, and two species are new to the European part of Russia as a whole. The numbers of megachilid bee species currently known in Russia, the North Caucasus, and the south of European Russia are 217, 130, and 71, respectively. The lectotype of Osmia proxima Morawitz, 1875 is designated.

scholarly journals Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea) from meadows of Vinogradovsky District, Arkhangelsk Region, northern European Russia, with notes on recent intense expansion of the southern species to the north

Check List ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1727
Author(s):  
Ivan N. Bolotov ◽  
Irina A. Bochneva ◽  
Marina V. Podbolotskaya ◽  
Mikhail Yu. Gofarov ◽  
Vitaly M. Spitsyn
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Arkhangelsk Region ◽  
Pararge Aegeria ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Butterfly Assemblages ◽  
Butterfly Fauna ◽  
Northern European Russia

The Vinogradovsky District is located at the center of the Arkhangelsk Region, one of the largest federal subjects of Northern European Russia. Boreal spruce forests are the prevalent ecosystem type in this area, but large expanses of agricultural land and herb-grass meadows are also presented there. Based on the studies of 1,699 specimens collected from three meadow sites during period 2011–2013, we provide the first data on the butterfly fauna of the district, which include 56 species, belonging to 35 genera and 5 families. Our data reveal an intense northward expansion of many southern butterfly species to the Arkhangelsk Region, including migrants (Pontia edusa, Issoria lathonia, Vanessa atalanta and Vanessa cardui) and species that have established resident populations there (Pararge aegeria, Nymphalis xanthomelas, Aglais io, Lycaena dispar, Cupido alcetas). Quantitative data on species diversity and phenology of butterflies are reported, including analysis of structure of butterfly assemblages and their seasonal changes.

scholarly journals Emerging Natural Focal Infectious Diseases in Russia: A Medical–Geographical Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8005
Author(s):  
Svetlana Malkhazova ◽  
Polina Pestina ◽  
Anna Prasolova ◽  
Dmitry Orlov
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Ixodid Tick ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Current Status ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
West Nile Fever ◽  
The North

In Russia, as in other countries, the problem of emerging natural focal infectious diseases (EIDs) became more acute toward the end of the 20th century. However, the situation in Russia is unknown to foreign readers, while the prevention and control of these diseases require international collaboration. The aim of the study is to provide a medical–geographical assessment of the distribution of the main natural focal EIDs in Russia, as well as to present the approaches used in the country to create aggregate maps of risk assessment. To consider its current status, we determined the most important natural focal EIDs for Russia (tick-borne encephalitis, ixodid tick-borne borrelioses, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever, West Nile fever, Astrakhan spotted fever, leptospiroses, and tularemia) and analyzed the patterns of their epidemic manifestation. As a result, a working classification of such infections and a series of maps showing the current situation of EID morbidity in Russia were created. To design an aggregated risk map, we developed an original mapping methodology and recalculated the model disease incidence by taking data from administrative units and adjusting them for natural geographical boundaries (biomes) for European Russia, and then evaluated the risk of infection for separate model diseases and for a set of them. The highest risk rates are confined to the northwest regions of European Russia, the Cis-Urals and the Volga region, which are naturally related to forest biomes, as well as to the southern steppe regions of the interfluves between the Volga and the Don, and the foothills of the North Caucasus.

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