scholarly journals Emerging Natural Focal Infectious Diseases in Russia: A Medical–Geographical Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8005
Author(s):  
Svetlana Malkhazova ◽  
Polina Pestina ◽  
Anna Prasolova ◽  
Dmitry Orlov
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Ixodid Tick ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Current Status ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
West Nile Fever ◽  
The North

In Russia, as in other countries, the problem of emerging natural focal infectious diseases (EIDs) became more acute toward the end of the 20th century. However, the situation in Russia is unknown to foreign readers, while the prevention and control of these diseases require international collaboration. The aim of the study is to provide a medical–geographical assessment of the distribution of the main natural focal EIDs in Russia, as well as to present the approaches used in the country to create aggregate maps of risk assessment. To consider its current status, we determined the most important natural focal EIDs for Russia (tick-borne encephalitis, ixodid tick-borne borrelioses, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever, West Nile fever, Astrakhan spotted fever, leptospiroses, and tularemia) and analyzed the patterns of their epidemic manifestation. As a result, a working classification of such infections and a series of maps showing the current situation of EID morbidity in Russia were created. To design an aggregated risk map, we developed an original mapping methodology and recalculated the model disease incidence by taking data from administrative units and adjusting them for natural geographical boundaries (biomes) for European Russia, and then evaluated the risk of infection for separate model diseases and for a set of them. The highest risk rates are confined to the northwest regions of European Russia, the Cis-Urals and the Volga region, which are naturally related to forest biomes, as well as to the southern steppe regions of the interfluves between the Volga and the Don, and the foothills of the North Caucasus.

scholarly journals Combined Natural Foci of Bacterial, Rickettsial and Viral Infectious Diseases in the North-West Precaspian Region

2010 ◽  
pp. 44-47
Author(s):  
N. V. Popov ◽  
E. V. Kouklev ◽  
V. P. Toporkov ◽  
A. K. Adamov ◽  
S. A. Scherbakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Viral Etiology ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Natural Foci

Presence of combined natural foci of plague, tularemia, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, West-Nile encephalitis, Astrakhan spotted fever in the North-West Precaspian region was substantiated. Influence of anthropogenic and climatic conditions in formation of combined natural foci of infectious diseases of bacterial, rickettsial and viral etiology was pointed out. Up-to-date potential epidemic danger of the territories under consideration was evaluated.

scholarly journals New records of megachilid bees (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) from the North Caucasus and the south of European Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-331
Author(s):  
A.V. Fateryga ◽  
◽  
M.Yu. Proshchalykin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
European Part ◽  
European Russia ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
The Family ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
South Of European Russia

New data on 22 species of bees of the family Megachilidae from the North Caucasus and the south of European Russia are reported. Six species are new to Russia: Hoplitis curvipes (Morawitz, 1871), Osmia cinerea Warncke, 1988, O. ligurica Morawitz, 1868, O. cyanoxantha Pérez, 1879, Protosmia glutinosa (Giraud, 1871), and Coelioxys mielbergi Morawitz, 1880. Hoplitis turcestanica (Dalla Torre, 1896), sp. resurr. is treated as a distinct species, not a junior synonym of H. caularis (Morawitz, 1875). Megachile albocristata Smith, 1853 and M. alborufa Friese, 1911 are listed instead of previously recorded M. lefebvrei (Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1841) and M. pyrenaica (Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, 1841), respectively. Fourteen new regional records are reported: seven species are new to the North Caucasus, five ones are new to the south of European Russia, and two species are new to the European part of Russia as a whole. The numbers of megachilid bee species currently known in Russia, the North Caucasus, and the south of European Russia are 217, 130, and 71, respectively. The lectotype of Osmia proxima Morawitz, 1875 is designated.

scholarly journals Emerging and Re-emerging Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases and the Challenges for Control: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayissa Chala ◽  
Feyissa Hamde
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
West Nile Fever ◽  
Valley Fever ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
The Many ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Vector-borne emerging and re-emerging diseases pose considerable public health problem worldwide. Some of these diseases are emerging and/or re-emerging at increasing rates and appeared in new regions in the past two decades. Studies emphasized that the interactions among pathogens, hosts, and the environment play a key role for the emergence or re-emergence of these diseases. Furthermore, social and demographic factors such as human population growth, urbanization, globalization, trade exchange and travel and close interactions with livestock have significantly been linked with the emergence and/or re-emergence of vector-borne diseases. Other studies emphasize the ongoing evolution of pathogens, proliferation of reservoir populations, and antimicrobial drug use to be the principal exacerbating forces for emergence and re-emergence of vector-borne infectious diseases. Still other studies equivocally claim that climate change has been associated with appearance and resurgence of vector-borne infectious diseases. Despite the fact that many important emerging and re-emerging vector-borne infectious diseases are becoming better controlled, our success in stopping the many new appearing and resurging vector-borne infectious diseases that may happen in the future seems to be uncertain. Hence, this paper reviews and synthesizes the existing literature to explore global patterns of emerging and re-emerging vector-borne infections and the challenges for their control. It also attempts to give insights to the epidemiological profile of major vector-borne diseases including Zika fever, dengue, West Nile fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Chikungunya, Yellow fever, and Rift Valley fever.

scholarly journals EPIDEMIOLOGIC SITUATION BY NATURAL-FOCI INFECTIONS IN THE CRIMEA FEDERAL DISTRICT IN 2014 - 2015

2016 ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Popova ◽  
A. N. Kulichenko ◽  
O. V. Maletskaya ◽  
N. F. Vasilenko ◽  
L. I. Shaposhnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Borreliosis ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Federal District ◽  
West Nile Fever ◽  
Aim Analysis ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Causative Agents

Aim. Analysis of epidemic manifestations of natural-foci infections (NFI), clarification of spectrum of their causative agents, determination of epizootic activity of natural foci in the Crimea Federal District (KFD). Materials and methods. Epizootologic examination of 10 administrative districts of KDF was carried out. 291 pools (2705 specimens) of ixodes ticks and 283 samples of organs of small mammals were studied by PCR method for the presence of DNA/RNA of causative agents of a number of NFI. Results. Morbidity by NFI in KFD was registered by 6 nosologies: Lyme borreliosis, Marseilles fever, leptospirosis, tularemia, intestine yersiniosis and tick-borne viral encephalitis, wherein, transmissive infections made up 91.6%. Circulation of causative agents of Crimea hemorrhagic fever, Q fever, group of tick-borne spotted fever, Lyme borreliosis, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, human monocytic ehrlichiosis, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, West Nile fever, tularemia and leptospirosis was established. Conclusion. Due to activity of natural foci of NFI further monitoring of epidemiologic and epizootologic manifestations of these infections in the Crimea, including using genetic methods of analysis, is necessary for ensuring sanitary-epidemiologic welfare of KFD population.

scholarly journals Results of epizootic monitoring of natural foci of particularly dangerous infections common to humans and animals in Rostov Oblast

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
E. Y. Lukshina ◽  
V. V. Batashev ◽  
E. V. Kovalev ◽  
G. V. Karpushchenko ◽  
V. V. Balakhnova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Rostov Oblast ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
West Nile Fever ◽  
Natural Focus ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Natural Foci

Objective: To analyze the results of epizootic monitoring of natural foci of particularly dangerous infections common to humans and animals in Rostov Oblast to establish their activity.Materials and Methods: The data of epizootic monitoring conducted by zoologists; the results of laboratory research of field material obtained in natural foci of infectious diseases. Descriptive, zoological, genetic, serological methods, and retrospective epidemiological analysis were used.Results: The results of the conducted epizootic monitoring showed the presence in Rostov Oblast of natural foci of particularly dangerous infectious diseases common to humans and animals. While the natural focus of the plague is in a depressed state and does not show activity, in the foci of tularemia, West Nile fever (WNF), Crimean hemorrhagic fever (CHF), ixodic tick-borne borreliosis (ITB), hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), Q fever, Batai fever, California serogroups, Syndbis revealed the antigens of these pathogens in biological material obtained from small mammals and blood-sucking insects, which indicates the epizootic activity of these foci. In the natural foci of WNF, CHF, ITB, HFRS, cases of these disease among the population were recorded, which confirms the epidemic activity of these foci.Conclusion: The obtained results of epizootic monitoring over the period from 2008 to 2020 emphasize the relevance and necessity of continuing these studies in natural foci in Rostov Oblast.

scholarly journals Geography of emerging and re-emerging natural focal diseases in Russia

2019 ◽  
Vol 488 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-206
Author(s):  
S. M. Malkhazova ◽  
V. A. Mironova ◽  
P. V. Pestina ◽  
A. I. Prasolova
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Ixodid Tick ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
West Nile Fever ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Risk Of Exposure

The article considers the geography of emerging and re-emerging natural focal diseases in Russia. The data on the distribution and peculiarities of epidemic manifestations of eight key infections (ixodid tick-borne borrelioses, tick-borne encephalitis, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, tularemia, leptospirosis, West Nile fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever and Astrakhan rickettsiosis fever) belonging to different groups of emerging and re-emerging diseases are presented. We estimated and mapped the risk of exposure to these infections in the European territory of Russia within natural borders (biomes).

scholarly journals Monitoring of infectious diseases in cattle in the North Caucasus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.V. SHevchenko ◽  
YU.D. Drobin ◽  
O.YU. CHernyh ◽  
A.A. SHevchenko ◽  
A.R. Litvinova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North

scholarly journals Discoveries of Carpet Beetles (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) of the South of Russia

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
S.V. Pushkin
Keyword(s):  
European Russia ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The South ◽  
Russian Territory ◽  
The North

SUMMARY. As a result of the collecting in 2003–2015 in the south part of European Russia and in the North Caucasus 15 species of the carpet beetles (Dermestidae) were found, which was firstly recorded for the Russian territory or was recently listed without specific information: Dermestes intermedius Kalik, 1951, Dermestes elegans Gebler in Ledebour, 1830,  Attagenus fasciolatus (Solsky, 1876), Anthrenus amoenulus Reitter, 1896, Anthrenus zebra Reitter, 1889, Anthrenus latefasciatus Reitter, 1892, Anthrenus olgae Kalik, 1946, Anthrenus tadzhicus Mroczkowski, 1961, Anthrenus hissaricus Mroczkowski, 1961, Anthrenus sordidulus Reitter, 1889, Attagenus ionicus Zhantiev, 2005, Attagenus unicolor simulans Solsky, 1876, Attagenus suspiciosus Solsky, 1876, Ctesias hajeki Hava, 2005, Megatoma conspersa Solsky, 1876. 

Epizootological monitoring of cattle infectious diseases in the North Caucasus

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (80) ◽  
pp. 285-290
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Shevchenko ◽  
◽  
Yuri Drobin ◽  
Oleg Chernykh ◽  
Alexander Shevchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The North

Social geography of the collective farm village of the Russian Federation in 1948—1953

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (12-2) ◽  
pp. 69-84
Author(s):  
Vladimir Anikin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Social Geography ◽  
European Russia ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Collective Farm ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Russian Federation

In 1948-1953 welfare conditions of Russian peasantry varied among regions greatly, with the most concentration of positive characteristics at the North Caucasus, and negative ones - at the North-East of European Russia.

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