scholarly journals Possible Use of Root Dry Matter Content for the Estimation of Root System Activity.

Root Research ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
Motoyuki HAGIWARA ◽  
Atsushi HATTORI ◽  
Naoto INOUE ◽  
Han-Yong KIM
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
System Activity ◽  
Root Dry Matter Content

scholarly journals Measurement of fine root tissue density: a comparison of three methods reveals the potential of root dry matter content

2013 ◽  
Vol 374 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 299-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marine Birouste ◽  
Ezequiel Zamora-Ledezma ◽  
Carine Bossard ◽  
Ignacio M. Pérez-Ramos ◽  
Catherine Roumet
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Root Tissue ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Tissue Density ◽  
Root Tissue Density ◽  
Root Dry Matter Content

scholarly journals Top-dressing of paprika transplants in trays with fertilizers of phosphorus- and nitrogen surplus

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Slezák ◽  
N. Kappel ◽  
K. Tóth
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen Surplus ◽  
Made In

By our experiments, we wished to answer the question: may top-dressing with nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, respectively, improve the quality of transplants grown in trays on a substrate enriched by 2 kg/m3 of retarded fertilizers? The experiments started in spring and autumn 2002, in a large volume plastic house. The seedlings were grown in trays. Seed was sown directly into KITE trays of 187 cells (28 cm3 volume per cell, 779 seedlings per square meter). The trays were filled by "loose filling" (without packing) with the following soil mixture: 50% Baltic highmoor peat, 50% 'Nitrite lowmoor peat, 1,5 kg/m3 feed chalk, 2 kg/m3 slow acting chemical fertilizer of phosphorus overweight, 2 kg/m3 superphosphate. The test plant was the vegetable paprika variety `Tizenegyes'. The trials were made in order to clear up if top-dressing done once or twice improves the quality of the seedlings. For this purpose, perfectly soluble fertilizers of phosphorus or nitrogen surplus were used. 3 I fertilizer solution of 0.2% concentration was given per square meter on every single occasion. The control plots received no top-dressing. The following parameters were registered: stem diameter, plant height, fresh weight of the top, dry matter content of the top, fresh weight of the root system per plant, dry matter content of the roots. The experimental results with top-dressing have clearly proved the insufficiency of mixing 2 kg/m3 of retarded fertilizer into the substrate, as usual in raising paprika seedlings in trays, because of the long period of transplant raising. According to our experiments the additional nitrogen fertilization influences positively the development of green parts of plants, while the multiple application of fertilizers with higher phosphorus-content helps to develop a strong root system. We suppose, that the more often applied additional fertilizers, maybe the combination of fertilizers with nitrogen and phosphorus amount could give use even better results.

scholarly journals Low-cost, handheld near-infrared spectroscopy for root dry matter content prediction in cassava

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna Hershberger ◽  
Edwige Gaby Nkouaya Mbanjo ◽  
Prasad Peteti ◽  
Andrew Smith Ikpan ◽  
Kayode Ogunpaimo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Test Sets ◽  
Root Dry Matter Content

Over 800 million people across the tropics rely on cassava as a major source of calories. While the root dry matter content (RDMC) of this starchy root crop is important for both producers and consumers, characterization of RDMC by traditional methods is time-consuming and laborious for breeding programs. Alternate phenotyping methods have been proposed but lack the accuracy, cost, or speed ultimately needed for cassava breeding programs. For this reason, we investigated the use of a low-cost, handheld NIR spectrometer for field-based RDMC prediction in cassava. Oven-dried measurements of RDMC were paired with 21,044 scans of roots of 376 diverse clones from 10 field trials in Nigeria and grouped into training and test sets based on cross-validation schemes relevant to plant breeding programs. Mean partial least squares regression model performance ranged from R2p = 0.62 - 0.89 for within-trial predictions, which is within the range achieved with laboratory-grade spectrometers in previous studies. Relative to other factors, model performance was highly impacted by the inclusion of samples from the same environment in both the training and test sets. Random forest variable importance analysis of root spectra revealed increased importance in a region previously identified as predictive of water content in plants (~950 - 990 nm). With appropriate model calibration, the tested spectrometer will allow for field-based collection of spectral data with a smartphone for accurate RDMC prediction and potentially other quality traits, a step that could be easily integrated into existing harvesting workflows of cassava breeding programs.

scholarly journals Agronomic Performance of Kenyan Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato Varieties

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heritier Mbusa ◽  
Kahiu Ngugi ◽  
Florence Olubayo ◽  
Benjamin Kivuva ◽  
James Muthomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Root Dry Matter Content ◽  
Fresh Root

Sweet potato is one of the most important staple crops in Sub-Sahara Africa because of its supply of carbohydrates, vitamin A and C, fiber, iron, potassium and protein.The objective of this study was to determine phenotypic variation in diverse sweetpotato varieties for marketable roots, fresh root yield, fresh biomass weight, harvest index, beta carotene content and root dry matter content. Twenty five sweet potato genotypes were evaluated at two sites in two seasons in Kenya using a randomized complete block design of three replications. The results indicated that there were highly significantly variations for genotypes and sites for all the traits studied. There were no significant differences for genotype x site x season effects for the traits except for the number of marketable roots and fresh root yield. The mean fresh root was 32.19 t/ha,with the genotype Ininda expressing the highest fresh root yield of 54.79 t/ha. Genotypes, Naspot 13, Ejumula, Kabode, Vitaa and Tio-Joe gave the highest beta carotene content ranging between 11.830 and 10.040 mg/100g; with a mean of 5.384 mg/100g. The mean root dry matter content was 24.84 % with clones Amelia and Melinda showing the highest and lowest root dry matter content of 30.62 and 16.52 % respectively. Ten genotypes including Ininda, Erica, Jane, Naspot 13, Ejumula, Kabode, Vitaa, Tio-Joe, Amelia and Mayai were recommended as potential parents for sweet potato breeding program in Kenya. 

scholarly journals Comparison of methods for phenotypic stability analysis of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genotypes for yield and storage root dry matter content

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Vinícius Kvitschal ◽  
Pedro Soares Vidigal Filho ◽  
Carlos Alberto Scapim ◽  
Maria Celeste Gonçalves-Vidigal ◽  
Edvaldo Sagrilo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Phenotypic Stability ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Ammi Analysis ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Root Dry Matter Content

The objective of this work was to compare different phenotypic stability methods by using yield and storage root dry matter content data of eight cassava genotypes, assessed in eight environments in northwest of Paraná State, Brazil. All the methodologies applied showed to be able to study the stability of cassava genotypes, but each with its peculiarities. The methodologies of Eskridge, Annicchiarico and Lin and Binns were the most appropriated on situation with smaller effect of G x E interaction. The AMMI analysis and the Toler and Burrows methodology were the most specific on detailing specific adaptations of cassava genotypes to favorable and unfavorable environments. It could be suggested to use simultaneous AMMI analysis and Toler and Burrows methodology. The clone IAC 190-89 was the most promising.

scholarly journals The Inheritance of Yield Components and Beta Carotene Content in Sweet Potato

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Heritier Kambale Mbusa ◽  
Kahiu Ngugi ◽  
Florence M. Olubayo ◽  
Benjamin Musembi Kivuva ◽  
James W. Muthomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Root Dry Matter Content

Analysis of the gene action exhibited by an agronomic trait in crop plants is useful in the planning of an effective plant breeding program. This study sought to establish the inheritance variance of root yield components and beta carotene content present in sweet potato clones commonly grown in Kenya. Ten contrasting parents were selected based on their beta carotene content, dry matter content and yield potential. They were planted in pots in the green house at KEPHIS-Muguga, Kenya, where they were grafted into Ipomoea setosa to boost their ability to flower. Five parents were further selected based on their ability to flower under local environmental conditions and crossed in a 5 × 5 half diallel manner. Five parents and ten F1 clones arising from this hybridization were evaluated at KALRO-Kiboko, Kenya during two rainy seasons. The field trials were laid out in a randomized complete block design of three replications. The data were scored for root yield characteristics, beta carotene and root dry matter content. Griffing Method II, Model 1 diallel was used to estimate the general and specific combining ability. Genetic variability for beta carotene and root dry matter content indicated that the two traits were controlled mostly by both additive and dominant gene actions. Heterosis gene effects were found for beta carotene and root dry matter content which would be useful in the improvement of sweet potato productivity.

Optimum harvest date of maize for biogas and silage purposes

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
G. Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Vegetative Organs

The dry matter and moisture contents of the aboveground vegetative organs and kernels of four maize hybrids were studied in Martonvásár at five harvest dates, with four replications per hybrid. The dry matter yield per hectare of the kernels and other plant organs were investigated in order to obtain data on the optimum date of harvest for the purposes of biogas and silage production.It was found that the dry mass of the aboveground vegetative organs, both individually and in total, did not increase after silking. During the last third of the ripening period, however, a significant reduction in the dry matter content was sometimes observed as a function of the length of the vegetation period. The data suggest that, with the exception of extreme weather conditions or an extremely long vegetation period, the maximum dry matter yield could be expected to range from 22–42%, depending on the vegetation period of the variety. The harvest date should be chosen to give a kernel moisture content of above 35% for biogas production and below 35% for silage production. In this phenophase most varieties mature when the stalks are still green, so it is unlikely that transport costs can be reduced by waiting for the vegetative mass to dry.

1239 Sources of variation in dry matter content and particle size distribution in total mixed rations in dairy farms in Argentina

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. 596-597
Author(s):  
P. Turiello ◽  
M. Ruiz de Huidobro ◽  
F. Bargo ◽  
A. Larriestra ◽  
A. Relling
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Sources Of Variation

Persistence of modern varieties and hybrids of carrots and its dependence on the biochemical composition

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Е.В. Янченко
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Modern Varieties

Цель исследований – дать оценку сохраняемости и болезнеустойчивости современных сортов и гибридов моркови столовой и определить корреляционные зависимости влияния биохимических показателей качества на сохраняемость и степень поражения моркови столовой различными видами болезней в процессе хранения. Исследования проводились в 2011–2016 годах во ВНИИО – филиале ФГБНУ ФНЦО по общепринятым методикам. В биохимической лаборатории отдела земледелия и агрохимии содержание сухого вещества определяли высушиванием до абсолютно сухого веса, общего сахара – по Бертрану, аскорбиновой кислоты – по Мурри, нитраты – ионоселективным методом. При характеристике моркови столовой важнейший показатель, определяющий его качество – количество сухого вещества и сахаров. В процессе хранения были выявлены следующие болезни моркови: серая гниль (Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr.), белая гниль (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.)), белая парша (Rhizoctonia carotae Rad.), альтернариоз (Alternaria radicina M., Dr. et E.). В большей степени сортообразцы моркови столовой поражались серой гнилью. Лучшими по сохраняемости сортообразцами были Корсар (94,6%), F1Берлин (94,5%), Берликум Роял (94,1%) и F1 Звезда (94%). Сохраняемость у зарубежных сортов и гибридов моркови столовой была немного выше, чем у отечественных (на 0,4%) как за счет меньшей величины убыли массы (6,3% против 6,4%), так и потерь от болезней (1,6% против 1,9%). Сохраняемость корнеплодов моркови находится в прямой корреляционной зависимости от содержания сухого вещества (r=+0,41), каротиноидов (r=+0,39), моносахаров (r­=+0,30) и суммы сахаров (r=+0,27). Проявление серой гнили находится в обратной корреляционной связи с содержанием сухого вещества и каротиноидов (r=-0,37 и r=-0,35 соответственно), белой парши – в прямой корреляции с содержанием сухого вещества , моносахаров и дисахаров (r= +0,21; r= +0,39; r= -0,41 соответственно), белой гнили в обратной корреляционной связи с содержанием сухого вещества, моносахаров и дисахаров. The purpose of the research is to assess the persistence and disease resistance of modern varieties and hybrids of carrots and to determine the correlation between the influence of biochemical quality indicators on the persistence and degree of damage to carrots by various types of diseases during storage. The research was conducted in 2011–2016 at ARRIVG – branch of FSBSI FSVC, according to generally accepted methods. In the biochemical laboratory of the Department of Agriculture and Agrochemistry, the dry matter content was determined by drying to absolutely dry weight, total sugar – by Bertran, ascorbic acid – by Murri, nitrates – by the ion-selective method. When describing carrots, the most important indicator that determines its quality is the amount of dry matter and sugars. During storage, the following diseases of carrots were detected: gray rot (Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr.), white rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.), white scab (Rhizoctonia carotae Rad.), alternariasis (Alternaria radicina M., Dr. et E.). To a greater extent, varieties of table carrots were affected by gray rot. The best preserved varieties were Corsar (94.6%), F1 Berlin (94.5%), Berlicum Royal (94.1%) and F1 Zvezda (94%). The persistence of foreign varieties and hybrids of table carrots was slightly higher than that of domestic ones by 0.4%. both due to a smaller amount of weight loss (6.3% vs. 6.4%) and losses from diseases (1.6% vs. 1.9%). The persistence of carrot root crops is directly correlated with the content of dry matter (r=+0.41), carotenoids (r=+0.39), monosaccharides (r=+0.30) and the amount of sugars (r=+0.27). The manifestation of gray rot is in inverse correlation with the content of dry matter and carotenoids (r=-0.37 and r=-0.35, respectively), white scab is in direct correlation with the content of dry matter (r= +0.21; r= +0.39; r= –0.41, respectively), white rot is in inverse correlation with the content of dry matter, monosaccharides and disaccharides.

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