scholarly journals Marriage Penalty: Unconditional Quantile Regression of Housework Participation in Japan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamila Kolpashnikova ◽  
Man-Yee Kan ◽  
Kiyomi Shirakawa
Keyword(s):  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Unconditional Quantile Regression ◽  
Marriage Penalty ◽  
Quantile Regression Method

We analyze cross-sectional time-use diaries from the 2011 and 2016 Survey on Time Use and Leisure Activities (Shakai Seikatsu Kihon Chosa) to investigate the association between educational level and housework participation at different quantiles. Using the unconditional quantile regression method, we test whether education is associated with less time spent on housework as the previous research on highly educated people suggests. We find that this hypothesis stands only for non-married Japanese women. On the other hand, among married Japanese women, especially those without children in higher deciles of housework participation, are more likely to increase their participation in housework with the increase in their educational level. The results suggest that in Japan, the institute of marriage places higher expectations on women’s housework participation on married women with higher levels of education.

scholarly journals Unconditional Quantile Regression Approach: Effects of Education on Housework Time in the US and Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Kamila Kolpashnikova ◽  
Man-Yee Kan
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
American Time Use Survey ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
The Us ◽  
Time Use Survey

We compare the association between educational attainment and housework participation among single and married women in Japan and the US. Using the cross-sectional time-use diaries from the 2006 American Time Use Survey (ATUS) and the 2006 Japanese Survey on Time Use and Leisure Activities (STULA) and unconditional quantile regressions (UQR), we test whether educational attainment is associated with less time spent on housework in Japan compared to the US. We find that this assumption stands only for American women and non-married Japanese women. However, married Japanese women are unlikely to reduce participation in housework with an increase in their educational level. Married Japanese women are more likely to do more housework proportionately to the level of their education. The findings reveal the presence of a marriage penalty among highly educated Japanese women. In Japan, the institute of marriage places higher expectations regarding women’s housework participation on married women with higher levels of education, thereby penalising Japanese women with higher educational attainments. Our findings illustrate that the tenets of the resource-based and gender-centred frameworks developed based on the empirical findings in Western countries cannot always directly apply to the patterns observed in East Asia.

scholarly journals Marriage and Housework: Analyzing the Effects of Education Using the 2011 and 2016 Japanese Survey on Time Use and Leisure Activities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamila Kolpashnikova ◽  
Man-Yee Kan ◽  
Kiyomi Shirakawa
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
Institutional Barriers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global North

We analyze cross-sectional time-use diaries from the 2011 and 2016 Survey on Time Use and Leisure Activities (Shakai Seikatsu Kihon Chosa) to investigate the association between educational level and housework participation in contexts where educational attainment among women does not readily translate into workforce stability. We test whether higher levels of educational attainment are associated with the decrease in housework participation as the previous research in countries of the global north suggests. Our findings reveal that education is not likely to reduce housework participation among Japanese women. Married Japanese women with children are unlikely to reduce their time spent on housework with the increase of their educational level and married Japanese women without children are more likely to increase their housework participation proportionately to the level of their education. The results suggest that in Japan, the supply-side solutions to gender inequality (such as increasing educational opportunities for women) do not remedy the situation. The country needs to address structural and institutional barriers to gender equality.

scholarly journals Investor Sentiment and Herding Behavior in the Korean Stock Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Ki-Hong Choi ◽  
Seong-Min Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Stock Markets ◽  
Trading Volume ◽  
Investor Sentiment ◽  
Herding Behavior ◽  
Absolute Deviation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Korean Stock Market ◽  
Quantile Regression Method

This paper investigates herding behavior and the connection between herding behavior and investor sentiment. We apply a Cross-Sectional Absolute Deviation (CSAD) approach and the quantile regression method to capture herding behavior in the KOSPI and KOSDAQ stock markets. The analysis results are outlined as follows. First, we find that herding behavior is exhibited during down-market periods in the KOSPI and KOSDAQ stock markets. However, we show that adverse herding behavior occurs in low-trading volume and low-volatility periods. Second, according to the results of the quantile regression, herding behavior is found in the low and high quantiles of the KOSPI and KOSDAQ stock markets. However, adverse herding behavior is also found, which means that investors herd in extreme market conditions. Third, the relationship between investor sentiment and herding behavior is analyzed through regression and quantile regression, and investor sentiment is confirmed to be one of the important factors that can cause herding behavior in the Korean stock market.

scholarly journals Leisure Quality among German Parents—Exploring Urbanity, Mobility, and Partner Interaction as Determinants

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5883
Author(s):  
Bhuvanachithra Chidambaram ◽  
Joachim Scheiner
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Job Characteristics ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Family Obligations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time Use Survey ◽  
Partner Interaction ◽  
Spatial Attributes

Individuals with family obligations concurrently perform unpaid tasks. In particular, parents often multitask childcare during leisure, leading to low-quality leisure. In this study, we explored leisure quality by measuring pure and contaminated (i.e., leisure combined with childcare) leisure for German parents (lone versus partnered) by considering five diverse factors: demographics, job characteristics, spatial and travel attributes, time use perception/preferences, and gendering of partner interactions. We used the cross-sectional German Time Use Survey 2012/13 data and employed regression analysis. Four important findings of the study are: (a) across groups, women have the highest levels of contaminated leisure, while men have the highest levels of pure leisure; (b) for both lone and partnered respondents, spatial attributes (less dense residential areas), travel attributes (paid work trips, unpaid work trips, number of cars, travel by public transport) negatively determine both pure and contaminated leisure; (c) for partnered respondents, driving is positively associated with contaminated leisure; (d) partner’s time spent on childcare negatively affects women’s pure leisure but positively relates to their contaminated leisure, while partner’s time spent on leisure activities positively affects men’s pure leisure and contaminated leisure.

scholarly journals Investigating the temporal changes in the relationships between time spent on the internet and non-mandatory activity-travel time use

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoqiang Wu ◽  
Jinhyun Hong ◽  
Piyushimita Thakuriah
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThe amount of time we spend online has been increasing dramatically, influencing our daily travel and activity patterns. However, empirical studies on changes in the extent to which the amount of time spent online are related to changes in our activity and travel patterns are scarce, mainly due to a lack of available longitudinal or quasi-longitudinal data. This paper explores how the relationships between the time spent using the Internet, and the time spent on non-mandatory maintenance and leisure activities, have evolved over a decade. Maintenance activities include out-of-home activities such as shopping, banking, and doctor visits, while leisure activities include entertainment activities, visiting friends, sporting activities, and so forth. Our approach uses two datasets from two major cross-sectional surveys in Scotland, i.e. the 2005/06 Scottish Household Survey (SHS) and the 2015 Integrated Multimedia City Data (iMCD) Survey, which were similarly structured and formed. The multiple discrete–continuous extreme value (MDCEV) model and difference-in-differences (DD) estimation are applied and integrated to examine how the relationships between the time spent on the Internet and travel have changed over time and the direction and magnitude of the changes. Our findings suggest that the complementary associations between Internet use and individuals’ non-mandatory activity-travel time use are diminishing over time, whereas their substitutive associations are increasing. We additionally find that such temporal changes are significant in the case of those who spent moderate to high levels of time on the Internet (5 h or more online) per week.

scholarly journals Analysis of Factors Affecting Quality of Life of Workers in Korea Participating in Leisure Activities Using Quantile Regression

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Suhee Kim ◽  
Junghee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Serious Leisure ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to identify factors affecting the quality of life (QoL) of workers in Korea participating in leisure activities.METHODS: Cross-sectional survey data were collected from June 10 to June 20, 2013, examining QoL, job stress, social support, serious leisure, and health-related characteristics. Data from 101 participants were analyzed using t-tests, Pearson's correlation, multiple linear regression, and quantile regression.RESULTS: The workers’ mean QoL score was 23.10. Significant predictors of mean QoL score were job stress, social support, and serious leisure. Job stress correlated strongly with QoL in workers who were at 10% (QoL=17.00, p=.013) and 25% (QoL=20.00, p=.001) of the QoL distribution. Social support and serious leisure correlated significantly with QoL in workers who were at 50% (QoL=24.00) and 75% (QoL=27.00) of the QoL distribution.CONCLUSION: Quantile regression analysis identified factors affecting QoL in workers. Therefore, intervention strategies for increasing workers’ QoL should be tailored to workers’ QoL level.

scholarly journals Effect of Income Heterogeneity on Valuation of Mortality Risk in Taiwan: An Application of Unconditional Quantile Regression Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Je-Liang Liou
Keyword(s):  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
The Public ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Statistical Life ◽  
Unconditional Quantile Regression ◽  
Quantile Regression Analysis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Hedonic Wage ◽  
Quantile Regression Method

According to theory and existing empirical results, heterogeneity in personal characteristics, with income variation being one of them, affects the marginal willingness to pay (WTP) for reducing fatal risk. In this study, the effect of income heterogeneity on the value of statistical life (VSL) in Taiwan through unconditional quantile regression analysis using the data collected by the “Manpower Utilization Survey” is investigated. The results of this empirical study show that the hedonic wage function that was constructed using empirical data from Taiwan was in line with the general form of non-linear function rather than the semi-log function that has been often used in previous studies, which should have great impact on the estimation of the VSL. The empirical results also show that the estimated VSL of Taiwanese labor varied with the difference in wages, which needs to be taken into account when discussing the public policies using VSL.

scholarly journals Developing Neck Circumference Growth Reference Charts for Pakistani Children and Adolescents Using the Lambda-Mu-Sigma (LMS) and Quantile Regression Method

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asif ◽  
Muhammad Aslam ◽  
Saadia Khan ◽  
Saima Altaf ◽  
Shakeel Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Neck Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neck Size ◽  
Growth Reference ◽  
Quantile Regression Method

Abstract Objective: Neck circumference (NC) is currently used as an embryonic marker of obesity and its associated risks. But its use in clinical evaluations and other epidemiological purposes requires sex and age-specific standardized cut-offs which are still scarce for the Pakistani pediatric population. We therefore developed sex and age- specific growth reference charts for NC for Pakistani children and adolescents aged 2-18 years. Design: Cross-sectional multi-ethnic anthropometric survey (MEAS) study. Setting: Multan, Lahore, Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Participants: The dataset of 10,668 healthy Pakistani children and adolescents aged 2 to 18 years collected in MEAS were used. Information related to age, sex and NC were taken as study variables. The lambda-mu-sigma (LMS) and quantile regression (QR) methods were applied to develop growth reference charts for NC. Results: The 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th and 95th smoothed percentile values of NC were presented. The centile values showed that neck size increased with age in both boys and girls. During 8 and 14 years of age, girls were found to have larger NC than boys. A comparison of NC median (50th) percentile values with references from Iranian and Turkish populations reveals substantially lower NC percentiles in Pakistani children and adolescents compared to their peers in the reference population. Conclusion: The comparative results suggest that the uses of NC references of developed countries are inadequate for Pakistani children. A small variability between empirical centiles and centiles obtained by QR procedure recommends that growth charts should be constructed by QR as an alternative method.

Perceived Voice Disorders in Older Adults and Impact on Social Interactions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Connie K. Porcaro ◽  
Clare Singer ◽  
Boris Djokic ◽  
Ali A. Danesh ◽  
Ruth Tappen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Voice Disorders ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Vocal Performance ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional

Purpose Many aging individuals, even those who are healthy, report voice changes that can impact their ability to communicate as they once did. While this is commonly reported, most do not seek evaluation or management for this issue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and differences in voice disorders in older adults, along with the effect of fatigue on their social interactions. Method This is a cross-sectional investigation of a community-dwelling sample of individuals aged 60 years or older. Participants completed the Questionnaire on Vocal Performance, the Social Engagement Index subset “Engagement in Social or Leisure Activities,” and the Fatigue Severity Scale. Results Results indicated 32.5% of the 332 participants reported symptoms of voice problems with no difference found between male and female respondents. A slight increase in report of voice problems was noted with each year of age. Participants who self-reported voice problems indicated less interaction in social activities involving communication than those who did not. Finally, as severity of self-reported voice problems increased, an increase was reported by the same individuals for signs of fatigue. Conclusions Voice problems and resulting decreased social interaction are commonly experienced by older individuals. Voice symptoms in older adults have been found to benefit from evidence-based treatment strategies. It is critical to provide education to encourage older individuals to seek appropriate evaluation and management for voice issues through a speech-language pathologist or medical professional.

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