scholarly journals Russell and Nietzsche contra Pascal : a famous and partial ‘History of philosophy’.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Akmut
Keyword(s):  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Bertrand Russell ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
History Of

Bertrand Russell had little love for Pascal – this should be no secret :In A History of Western Philosophy, Nietzsche became the ‘anti-Pascal’.A role too perfect for Nietzsche whose relationships with the latter werecomplex (“I don’t read Pascal, I love him...”, a regular companion).

A Metafísica de Copleston e o Debate com Russell

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 1331-1362
Author(s):  
Alexander Maar
Keyword(s):  
Thomas Aquinas ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Bertrand Russell ◽  
Ultimate Cause ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Cause ◽  
The Way

Father Frederick Copleston is best known for his carefully crafted works History of Philosophy and Thomas Aquinas. Copleston’s most notable metaphysical thesis is his interpretation of the argument from contingency, which he sees as the superior choice for theists. He draws on Aquinas and distinguishes between causa fieri and causa esse to argue that God is a higher order (vertical) cause of contingent causal series (horizontal). Copleston presents God not as a temporal first cause, but an ontologically ultimate cause necessary to explain a contingent universe. His contribution changed the way we read Aquinas. Copleston’s willingness to debate his thesis with different philosophical perspectives is illustrated by his acceptance to discuss God’s existence with Bertrand Russell, in 1948. This BBC radio debate epitomises the dispute between theists and atheists from the 1940s onwards. I undertake to expound and comment Copleston’s contribution to metaphysics, present relevant parts of the debate and provide criticism.

Habermas over genealogie, metafysica en godsdienst

2021 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-277
Author(s):  
Henning Tegtmeyer
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Problem ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Comprehensive Account ◽  
History Of ◽  
Secular Society

Abstract Habermas on genealogy, metaphysics and religion Habermas’s impressive history of philosophy presents itself both as a comprehensive account of the history of Western philosophy from its beginning to the 19th century and as a genealogy of post-metaphysical thinking. In this paper I argue that this twofold goal creates a serious methodological problem. I also find Habermas’s understanding of metaphysics unclear and partly misguided. If that is correct it has consequences not only for the very notion of post-metaphysical thinking but also for the understanding of the dialogue between philosophy, religion, and modern secular society that Habermas advocates.

2. How can we speak of what does not exist?

2017 ◽  
pp. 24-42
Author(s):  
Michael Beaney
Keyword(s):  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Bertrand Russell ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theory Of Descriptions

Statements that purportedly refer to something that does not exist, whether fictional or not, have been especially problematic in the history of philosophy. ‘How can we speak of what does not exist?’ suggests that in order to understand existential statements, we need to recall Frege’s claim that number statements are assertions about concepts. Existential statements are really just a type of number statement. When we make an existential claim, we are not attributing a first-level concept to an object, but a second-level concept to a first-level concept. The work of Bertrand Russell (1872–1970) is also discussed along with the Russell Paradox and his Theory of Descriptions.

scholarly journals Critical reception of Russell's 'History of western philosophy' and 'Wisdom of the West'

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
Jasmina Pljakić-Nikšić
Keyword(s):  
Critical Reception ◽  
Bertrand Russell ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Western Civilization ◽  
The Political ◽  
The West ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
History Of

In this paper, the author critically considers the reception of one of the greatest thinkers of modern Western civilization, Bertrand Russell (1872-1970), analyzing his epochal works "History of Western Philosophy", "Wisdom of the West" and other writings. In addition to his other works in logic, mathematics and other scientific disciplines, I paid special attention to the political and legal dimension.

Socrates: A Very Short Introduction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. W. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
Unique Position ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Ideal

Socrates has a unique position in the history of philosophy; had it not been for his influence on Plato, the whole development of Western philosophy might have been unimaginably different. Socrates wrote nothing himself so our knowledge of him is derived primarily from the engaging and infuriating figure who appears in Plato’s dialogues. Socrates: A Very Short Introduction explores Socrates’ life and his philosophical activity, before considering the responses his philosophical doctrines have evoked in the centuries since his death. It examines the relationship between the historical Socrates and the Platonic character, and explores the enduring image of Socrates as the ideal exemplar of the philosophic life.

A History of Western Philosophy. Bertrand Russell

Isis ◽  
1948 ◽  
Vol 38 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 268-270
Author(s):  
Leo Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Bertrand Russell ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
History Of

Fenomenologi Sebagai Filsafat dan Usaha Kembali Ke Permulaan

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Thomas Hidya Tjaya
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Human Life ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
World Science ◽  
Phenomenological Movement ◽  
Phenomenology Of Perception ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

Abstrak: Dalam pengantar pada karyanya Phenomenology of Perception, Merleau-Ponty praktis mengidentikkan filsafat dengan fenomenologi sebagai usaha untuk mempelajari kembali bagaimana cara melihat dunia. Dalam upaya tersebut ia mengajak pembaca, mengikuti slogan khas fenomenologi Husserl, untuk kembali ke permulaan atau bendabenda itu sendiri. Yang menarik adalah bahwa permulaan yang dianalisis oleh Merleau-Ponty justru tubuh manusia, sebuah dimensi yang cenderung dipandang rendah dalam sejarah filsafat Barat. Ia tidak sendirian dalam hal ini, mengingat dalam fenomenologinya Levinas juga menekankan sensibilitas sebagai locus etika. Menurut penulis, gerakan fenomenologi menuju hal yang sensibel (the sensible) ini tidaklah mengubah hakikat filsafat sebagai usaha untuk mencari asal mula realitas. Realitas yang tersingkap dalam orientasi demikian justru menjadi lebih integral dan komprehensif daripada apa yang selama ini dikenal dalam sejarah filsafat dan sains. Meskipun demikian, orientasi pada pengalaman konkret manusia untuk menggali dasar realitas secara potensial menimbulkan masalah bagi fenomenologi itu sendiri yang selalu ingin kembali ke permulaan. Kata-kata Kunci: Fenomenologi, asal mula, permulaan, ada-dalam-dunia, sains. Abstract: In the Preface to his work Phenomenology of Perception Merleau-Ponty virtually identifies philosophy with phenomenology as a way of relearning to see the world. For this purpose he invites the reader, following the catchphrase in Husserl’s phenomenology, to return to the beginning or the things themselves. What is interesting is that the beginning that Merleau-Ponty analyzes is the human body, which belongs to a dimension that tends to be despised in the history of Western philosophy. He is not alone in this type of investigation, as Levinas also emphasizes sensibility as the locus of ethics. The author argues that the phenomenological movement towards the sensible does not alter the nature of philosophy as an attempt to seek for the nature of reality. The reality as disclosed in this analysis can be more integral and comprehensive than what is usually presented in the history of philosophy and science. The orientation towards the concrete dimension of human life in search for the foundation of reality, however, may cause a problem for phenomenology itself insofar as it always tries to return to the beginning. Keywords: Phenomenology, origin, beginning, being-in-the-world, science.

scholarly journals Hegel, Feminist Philosophy, and Disability: Rereading our History

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Dryden
Keyword(s):  
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Feminist Philosophy ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Disability Theory ◽  
History Of ◽  
Canonical Texts

<p class="NoSpacing"><span lang="EN-CA">Although feminist philosophers have been critical of the gendered norms contained within the history of philosophy, they have not extended this critical analysis to norms concerning disability. In the history of Western philosophy, disability has often functioned as a metaphor for something that has gone awry. This trope, according to which disability is something that has gone wrong, is amply criticized within Disability Studies, though not within the tradition of philosophy itself or even within feminist philosophy. In this paper, I use one instance of this disability metaphor, contained within a passage from Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel&rsquo;s <em>Philosophy of Right</em>, in order to show that paying attention to disability and disability theory can enable identification of ableist assumptions within the tradition of philosophy and can also open up new interpretations of canonical texts. On my reading, whereas Hegel&rsquo;s expressed views of disability are dismissive, his logic and its treatment of contingency offer up useful ways to situate and re-evaluate disability as part of the concept of humanity. Disability can in fact be useful to Hegel, especially in the context of his valorization of experiences of disruption and disorientation. Broadening our understanding of the possible ways that the philosophical tradition has conceived human beings allows us to better draw on its theoretical resources.&nbsp;</span></p><p class="NoSpacing">&nbsp;</p><p class="NoSpacing"><span lang="EN-CA">Keywords: Hegel; contingency; history of philosophy; feminist Hegel scholarship</span></p><p class="NoSpacing"><span lang="EN-CA"><br /></span></p>

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